Echinopsis tarijensis
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| ( Vaupel ) H.Friedrich & GDRowley |
Echinopsis tarijensis is a species of the genus Echinopsis in the cactus family(Cactaceae). The specific epithet tarijensis refers to the occurrence of the species near Tarija in the Bolivian department of Tarija . Spanish common names are "Poco", "Poco-Poco", "Achuma" and "Cardón". The fruits are called "Pasacana".
description
Echinopsis tarijensis initially grows individually, later becomes shrubby with a few lateral branches and reaches heights of up to 5 meters. The strong, cylindrical, dark green shoots reach a diameter of up to 35 centimeters. There are 15 to 21 ribs . The large, clear areoles on them are covered with gray felt and are close together. Light brown to whitish, uneven thorns arise from them . The stiff, piercing thorns are slightly curved and thickened at their base. They have a length of 1 by 8 centimeters. One to four central spines and 50 or more radial spines are formed.
The funnel-shaped flowers are red to pink to creamy white. They appear near the apex of the shoot. The flowers are up to 12 centimeters long and 9 centimeters in diameter. The egg-shaped, green fruits are 3.5 to 5 centimeters long and 2 to 3 centimeters in diameter.
Distribution, systematics and endangerment
Echinopsis tarijensis is distributed in the southwest and south of Bolivia and the Argentine province of Jujuy in the Andes at altitudes of 3000 to 4500 meters.
The first description as Cereus tarijensis by Friedrich Vaupel was published in 1916. Heimo Friedrich and Gordon Douglas Rowley placed the species in 1974 in the genus Echinopsis .
Further nomenclature synonyms are Trichocereus tarijensis (Vaupel) Werderm. (1940), Helianthocereus tarijensis (Vaupel) Backeb. (1955, nom. Inval. ICBN article 33.3), Lobivia formosa subsp. tartjensis (Vaupel) Noise (1976) and Lobivia formosa var. tarijensis (Vaupel) Noise (1987).
Subspecies
- Echinopsis tarijensis subsp. tarijensis
- Echinopsis tarijensis subsp. herzogiana (Cárdenas) G.Navarro
- Echinopsis tarijensis subsp. totorensis (Cárdenas) G. Navarro
Echinopsis tarijensis subsp. tarijensis
The subspecies is distributed in the Bolivian departments of La Paz , Oruro , Potosí , Chuquisaca and Tarija as well as the Argentine province of Jujuy at altitudes of 3000 to 4500 meters. There are about 15 ribs and three to four central spines.
The following taxa were included as synonymous in the subspecies: Trichocereus tarijensis var. Tartjensis , Trichocereus poco Backeb. (1936), Helianthocereus poco (Backeb.) Backeb. (1949), Echinopsis poco (Backeb.) H.Friedrich & GDRowley (1974), Trichocereus tarijensis var. Poco (Backeb.) F.Ritter (1980), Lobivia formosa var. Poco (Backeb.) GDRowley (1982), Trichocereus narvaecensis Cárdenas (1953), Helianthocereus narvaecensis (Cárdenas) Backeb. (1955), Echinopsis narvaecensis (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & GDRowley (1974), Lobivia huascha subsp. narvaecensis (Cárdenas) Rausch (1976), Trichocereus poco var. albiflorus Cárdenas (1953), Helianthocereus poco var. albiflorus (Cárdenas) Backeb. (1955), Echinopsis poco var. Albiflora (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & GDRowley (1974), Trichocereus poco var. Fricianus Cárdenas (1953), Helianthocereus poco var. Fricianus (Cárdenas) Backeb. (1955), Echinopsis poco var. Friciana (Cárdenas) H.Friedrich & GDRowley (1976), Trichocereus chuquisacanus F.Ritter (1966), Helianthocereus poco var. Sanguiniflorus Backeb. (1966, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 37.1), Trichocereus tarijensis var. Totorillanus F. Ritter (1967) and Trichocereus tarijensis var. Densispinus F. Ritter (1980).
Echinopsis tarijensis subsp. herzogiana
The first description as Trichocereus herzogianus by Martín Cárdenas was published in 1953. Gonzalo Navarro introduced the species as a subspecies to Echinopsis tarijensis in 1995 . Echinopsis tarijensis subsp. herzogiana is widespread in the Bolivian department of La Paz at altitudes of 2800 meters. There are about 21 sharp-edged ribs and a single central spine.
Nomenclatory synonyms are Helianthocereus herzogianus (Cárdenas) Backeb. (1955) and Echinopsis herzogiana (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & GDRowley (1974).
Echinopsis tarijensis subsp. totorensis
The first description as Trichocereus herzogianus var. totorensis by Martin Cárdenas was published in 1953. Gonzalo Navarro introduced the variety in 1995 as a subspecies to Echinopsis tarijensis . Echinopsis mamillosa subsp. totorensis is distributed in the Bolivian departments of Cochabamba, Chuquisaca and Potosi at altitudes of 3400 to 3800 meters. There are about 21 ribs and three to four central spines.
Nomenclatory synonyms are Helianthocereus herzogianus var. Totorensis (Cárdenas) Backeb. (1955), Echinopsis herzogiana var. Totorensis (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & GDRowley (1974), Lobivia formosa var. Totorensis (Cárdenas) Rausch (1976) and Trichocereus totorensis (Cárdenas) F. Ritter (1980).
In the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN , the species is listed as " Least Concern (LC) ". H. listed as not endangered.
proof
literature
- Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 245-246 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3 , p. 236.
- ↑ F. Vaupel: New South American cacti: In: Monthly magazine for cacti . Volume 26, Number 8, 1916, pp. 123-124 ( online ).
- ^ Gordon Douglas Rowley: Reunion of the genus Echinopsis . In: IOS Bulletin. Journal of the International Organization for Succulent Plant Study . Volume 3, Number 3, 1974, p. 98.
- ↑ Martin Cárdenas: Fuaux Herbarium Bulletin. Volume 1, Part 5, 1953, p. 19.
- ↑ Martin Cárdenas: Fuaux Herbarium Bulletin . Volume 1, Part 5, 1953, p. 19.
- ↑ Echinopsis tarijensis in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Lowry, M., 2012. Retrieved March 2, 2014.
