Real frills

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Real frills
Bald Krempling (Paxillus involutus)

Bald Krempling ( Paxillus involutus )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Boletales (Boletales)
Subordination : Paxillineae
Family : Kremplingsverrelatives (Paxillaceae)
Genre : Real frills
Scientific name
Paxillus
Fr.

The real Kremplinge ( Paxillus ) are a genus of mushrooms from the Kremplingsverwandten family . Despite their lamellar trained Hymenophors they belong to Dickröhrlingsverwandtschaft . In the past, the genus also included the saprob- living wooden curls ( Tapinella ).

The type species is the Bald Krempling ( P. involutus ).

features

The real Kremplinge are medium-sized mushrooms with a central or side stem. The edge of the hat is rolled up for a long time, the lamellas can be easily detached from the hat and run down the handle, they are colored light brown and partly cross-connected . The hat of the brim is smooth. The species of the genus occurring in Europe do not have a velum ; some species outside Europe have a velum. Brown tones predominate in the fruit bodies . The spore powder is colored clay-brown to light rust-brown.

ecology

The Kremplinge of the genus Paxillus are (optional) mycorrhizal formers .

species

Alder Krempling ( Paxillus rubicundulus )
Big Krempling ( Paxillus validus )

The genus is mainly found in the southern hemisphere and in the tropics. The following species occur or are to be expected in Europe:

Real Kremplinge ( Paxillus ) in Europe
German name Scientific name Author quote
Paxillus adelphus J.-P. Chaumeton, Gryta, Jargeat & P.-A. Moreau 2016
Whitish Krempling Paxillus albidulus Šutara 1992
Paxillus ammoniavirescens Contu & Dessì 1999
Paxillus cuprinus Jargeat, Gryta, J.-P. Chaumeton & Vizzini 2014
Bald or balding curling Paxillus involutus (Batsch 1786: Fries 1821) Fries 1838
Dark-pored Krempling Paxillus obscurisporus C. Hahn 1999
Paxillus olivellus J.-P. Chaumeton, Gryta, Jargeat & P.-A. Moreau 2016
Alder curling Paxillus rubicundulus PD Orton 1969
Big clunk Paxillus validus C. Hahn 1999
Paxillus zerovae Water 1973

meaning

etymology

The genus name ( Latin paxillus - small pole) refers to the short or, in some species, missing stalk.

Food value

Several types of curling are newly described or little known. The bald Krempling can trigger the life-threatening Paxillus syndrome . Accordingly, related species must also be regarded as suspected of being poisonous.

swell

literature

  • German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
  • Heinrich Dörfelt , Gottfried Jetschke (Ed.): Dictionary of mycology. 2nd Edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg / Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0920-9 .
  • Achim Bollmann, Andreas Gminder , Peter Reil: List of illustrations of large European mushrooms . In: Yearbook of the Black Forest mushroom teaching show . 4th edition. Volume 2. Schwarzwälder Pilzlehrschau, 2007, ISSN  0932-920X (301 p., Directory of the color images of almost all European large mushrooms (> 5 mm) incl. CD with over 600 species descriptions).
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
  • Frieder Gröger: Identification key for agaric mushrooms and boletus in Europe. Part I . In: Regensburger Mykologische Schriften . tape 13 . Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaft , 2006, ISSN  0944-2820 (master key; generic key; species key for Röhrlinge and relatives, wax leafs, light-leaved mushrooms, light-leaved ones and red blooms).
  • Christoph Hahn: Identification key of the crembling-like Boletales of Europe . In: Mycologia Bavarica . tape 13 , 2012, ISSN  1431-2042 , p. 59-68 .
  • Christoph Hahn, Reinhard Agerer: Studies on the Paxillus involutus shape circle . In: Nova Hedwigia . tape 69 , 1999, pp. 241-310 .
  • Christoph Hahn, Reinhard Agerer: Studies on the systematics of the Paxillaceae . In: Sendtnera . tape 6 , 1999, p. 115-133 .

Individual proof

  1. ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Paxillus . In: fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. September 26, 2006, accessed on May 4, 2011 (including Update No. 32).
  2. ↑ Patricia Jargeat, Jean-Paul Chaumeton, Olivier Navaud, Alfredo Vizzini, Hervé Gryta: The Paxillus involutus (Boletales, Paxillaceae) complex in Europe: Genetic diversity and morphological description of the new species Paxillus cuprinus, typification of P. involutus ss, and synthesis of species boundaries . In: Fungal Biology . tape 118 , no. 1 , January 1, 2014, ISSN  1878-6146 , p. 12–31 , doi : 10.1016 / j.funbio.2013.10.008 ( sciencedirect.com [accessed April 16, 2020]).
  3. ↑ Patricia Jargeat, Pierre-Arthur Moreau, Hervé Gryta, Jean-Paul Chaumeton, Monique Gardes: Paxillus rubicundulus (Boletales, Paxillaceae) and two new alder-specific ectomycorrhizal species, Paxillus olivellus and Paxillus adelphus, from Europe and North Africa . In: Fungal Biology . tape 120 , no. 5 , May 1, 2016, ISSN  1878-6146 , p. 711–728 , doi : 10.1016 / j.funbio.2016.02.008 ( sciencedirect.com [accessed April 16, 2020]).

Web links

Commons : Echte Kremplinge ( Paxillus )  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files