Eddingerode

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Eddingerode was a 9th-century settlement on the Kronsberg in Hanover , which fell into desolation in the 15th century . The name Eddingerode was also borne by a noble family , whose origins are probably based on the place.

history

Eddingerode was next to the desert areas of Wenderode, Büterode, Brüningerode, Sossingerode , Deberode and Anecamp a settlement that lay between Laatzen and the Kronsberg . They were created in the 9th to 10th centuries during the clearing time in the diocese of Hildesheim . At that time, clearing was necessary because the dense, uninhabitable northern forest between Hanover and Braunschweig made settlement difficult. Eddingerode's heyday lasted from the 12th to the 14th century. In 1449, the settlement was described as desolate in written sources.

Settlements with the ending -ingerode have all died out in the Hanover area, as they did not prevail over older settlements and fell into desolation by the middle of the second millennium at the latest. Representatives of this group still exist on the edge of the Harz near Bad Harzburg , in the Northeim district in the looped form -ierode and in Eichsfeld .

Excavations

On the Kronsberg, prior to the construction of the World Exhibition Expo 2000, archaeological investigations of the building site were carried out, as it was known that there was a medieval settlement on the southwest slope. They stopped during construction between 1996 and 1999. The excavations on an area of ​​around 4.5 hectares led to the discovery of the remains of 43 buildings, 20 storehouses and four mine houses . The homesteads each consisted of several buildings and were surrounded by a fence or ditch. In one case, a property size of around 3500 m² was determined. The courtyards were grouped in a U-shape around a spring that had been backfilled in the stream in the 12th or 13th century. The excavated remains of the house date from the 13th or 14th century. The buildings were erected as post houses and were up to 18 meters long and up to 8.5 meters wide. In the phase of the High Middle Ages 2 meter wide extensions were added so that the houses were 11.5 meters wide. Conclusions about the building functions can be drawn from the house floor plans. Accordingly, it was a case of residential stables - storage houses that combined several functions and have parallels to the Low German hall houses that appeared from the 15th century . A well could be dated to the year 1190 using wooden planks from the well box, which was 5 meters deep.

Found objects

Sickles, leaf knives and spades allowed conclusions to be drawn about the agricultural working environment of the residents. Found mowing hooks indicated the use of views during the grain harvest. A found network Schwimmer pointed to fishing in the nearby leash . Horse bones dominated the bone material of animals, which was dated to the 12th to 15th centuries. In connection with rider spurs , this led to the conclusion that riding horses were kept by a socially upscale class of society. This corresponds with the written mention of Reinoldus de Ethingerothe, who is attributable to the lower nobility, in a document from the Hildesheim bishop of 1215.

Noble family

The following members of the noble family von Eddingerode are known:

  • Johann von Eddingerode; is named first of the family; 1318 he was a citizen of Hanover, in 1327 it is used as changer called (banker) to 1349 he is the Lady Chapel building and a hospital before Aegidientor
  • Lockpick; has a castle seat in Hameln
  • Bruno; Acquired together with Dietrich from 1413 to 1416 Gut Flegessen (from Eilhard von Bente), 1415 Hasperde and 1435 the estate and castle seat in Bad Münder ; In 1418 they founded their almshouse Hospitium Gut Flegessen in Hamelin next to the grain store, and around 1543 they left the Wittenburg monastery
  • Johann Eddingerode is the lord of the church in Hainholz in 1414
  • Ludolf von Eddingerode († 1635)
  • Georg von Eddingerode († 1465) left an unmarried daughter
  • Georg von Eddingerode (* 1595; † February 23, 1645) ∞ Freda Klencke
  • Dietrich von Eddingerode transferred the right to use a (1552 free) hereditary farm (close to Hameln's city wall) to Philipp von Bortfeld with the condition that he could keep some rooms and buildings for his own use. Curt von Reden seems to have acquired this farm later.
  • In 1570 Braun von Eddingerode sold Ernst von Reden a piece of land from his free court in Hameln for 30 Rhenish gold guilders, which he was allowed to enclose with a wall.

literature

  • Helmut Flohr: Debberode, Eddingerode, Brunirode and Hohenrode - An investigation of the corridors and settlement areas of the desert villages and farms on the south of Kronsberg / Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter New Series, Vol. 26, 1972; P. 129–197 Table of contents Vol. 26/1972 ( Memento from September 2, 2012 on WebCite )
  • Tobias Gärtner : Farmhouses from the Middle Ages in: Archeology in Lower Saxony , 2004, pp. 119–123

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ K. Mlynek: Hannover Chronik ; P. 24
  2. ↑ Flug, Bardehle: Document book of the Wittenburg monastery ; P. 51
  3. ^ Sprenger's history of the city of Hameln ; P. 258