Ones channel
The Einser Canal ( Hungarian Hansági-főcsatorna ) was built by Austria-Hungary to drain the Hanság swamps and to regulate the outflow-free Lake Neusiedl . Flood periods inundated entire villages in the immediate vicinity of the lake and alternated with times when the lake dried up completely.
Construction of the canal began in 1895 and was completed in 1909.
Course and purpose of the canal
The canal runs only on Hungarian territory, initially directly parallel to the border between Austria and Hungary and drains Lake Neusiedl to the Danube. It begins on the southeastern shore of the lake and runs almost in a straight line to the east. After about 30 km of flow, the Einser Canal joins the Rabnitz, which is heavily regulated there . A little east of Pamhagen, the Ikva River flows into the canal on the right.
The flow speed is very low, but clearly noticeable in northwest winds. Every year several million cubic meters flow from the lake over the Rabnitz into the Danube . When the Danube floods, the water returns to the lake due to the backwater. The operating instructions for the lock on the Einserkanal are based on the mean rainfall over the past three years.
The Einser Canal has led to a lowering of the salt content and at the same time to an increase in the reed belt in Lake Neusiedl. The canal is surrounded by a dam on both sides. Swans breed in its dense reed belt, which partially narrows the canal to two to four meters.
Problems
In 2014 more water was drained due to the high water level in Lake Neusiedl. Leakage in the dams along the canal flooded large cultivated areas. On the Austrian side alone, in the municipalities of Wallern in Burgenland , Tadten , Pamhagen and Andau, around 2000 ha were half a meter under water.
Bridges near the state border
The following bridges cross the canal at the state border:
- Bridge to the northern village of Fertőújlak
- Railway bridge of the Neusiedler Seebahn southwest of Pamhagen
- Border bridge near Pamhagen on Neusiedler Straße B 51
- "Baron Gustav Berg Bridge", bike path bridge south of Wallern
- Andau Bridge
The canal is easy to see at the historic bridge at Andau and at the border bridge at Pamhagen in Burgenland .
Einser-Kanal near Pamhagen in February 2007
Baron Gustav Berg Bridge south of Wallern
Andau Bridge
Einser-Kanal heading west at the Andau bridge
Web links
See also
The two and three canals are called parts (basins) of the Danube-Oder Canal , which is only partially built .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Leaking one channel causes flooding. ORF , October 8, 2014, accessed on October 13, 2014 .
- ↑ Bridge over Einserkanal was opened. ORF, May 25, 2013, accessed on October 13, 2014 .
Historical maps
Course of the Einser Canal from Lake Neusiedl south of Pamhagen , end of the 19th century (recording sheet of the state survey )
Eastern part of the canal at the confluence with the Rabnitz
Coordinates: 47 ° 40 ′ 38 " N , 16 ° 49 ′ 27" E