Eliška Krásnohorská

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Eliška Krásnohorská
Eliška Krásnohorská
sculpture in Prague ( Charles Square )

Eliška Krásnohorská (pseudonym), actually Alžběta Pechová (born November 18, 1847 in Prague ; † November 26, 1926 there ), was a Czech writer , nationalist, translator and activist for women's rights in Bohemia .

Life

Eliška Krásnohorská came from the family of a craftsman in Prague, about whom nothing is known. After her father's death, she moved to Pilsen , where she became the leader of the Czech women's movement, acquired an extensive general education and, in addition to her knowledge of Czech and German, the ability to translate Russian, Polish and English texts into the Czech language. After seven years of residence, she returned to Prague. She is said to have suffered from rheumatic complaints throughout her life , which influenced her literary work.

The writer Karolína Světlá , with whom she was on friendly terms, introduced her to writing and the emancipation movement in Prague . Krásnohorská was initially the editor of the women's magazine of the women's movement "Zenske listy" from 1875 to 1911 , later chairwoman of the women's production association and in 1890 co-founder of the first girls ' high school Minerva in Prague. This was the first high school for girls in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy . The degree also enabled women to study at a college or university that was previously only available to men. She also had a significant influence on the admission requirements for graduates of the girls' high school and was a member of the Academy of Sciences. ( Heribert Sturm : Biographical Lexicon for the History of the Bohemian Lands. Published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) , Volume II, Page 281, R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich 1984, ISBN 3 486 52551 4 ). After Czechoslovakia was founded in 1918, girls were also given access to Latin schools .

Publications

interpretation

Krásnohorská's lyrical poetry, the pathos of her patriotic poetry, corresponded to the zeitgeist of the Czech rebirth in the second half of the 19th century. The collection From my life contains trustful and reflective poems . Artistically the most moving is the collection Poems from the Bohemian Forest (1881 ff.) With its famous poem Chodská , from the life of the Chodians in western Bohemia . She described in other works the struggle of the Slavs in Pan-Slavism and turned satirical-critical against the society of the fading feudalism in the sagas of the great . Her dramatic works were less successful and almost forgotten. Her girls' novels and opera libretti had better sales figures

Krásnohorská was a literary critic with a broad artistic horizon, was opposed to the new literary tendencies of cosmopolitanism , stayed in touch with the authors of the Lumír magazine and was successful with her criticism of the Revue Osvěta .

bibliography

poetry

  • Z máje žití (1871)
  • Ze Šumavy (1873)
  • K slovanskému jihu (1880)
  • Vlny v proudu (1885)
  • Letorosty (1887)
  • Šumavský Robinson (1887)
  • Bajky velkých (1889)
  • Na živé struně (1895)
  • Zvěsti a báje (1916)
  • Sny o divadle

Youth literature

  • Tři pohádky (1885)
  • Svéhlavička (1887), a free translation of the German children's book classic The Defiant Head .
  • Svéhlavička nevěstou (1900)
  • Svéhlavička ženuškou (1900)
  • Pohádky zimního večera (1901)
  • Svéhlavička babičkou (1907)

Novels

  • Célinka

memoirs

  • Z mého mládí
  • Co přinesla léta

Libretti

  • Lejla . Great romantic opera. Music (1867): Karel Bendl . Premiere 1868
  • Břetislav . Historical opera. Music (1869): Karel Bendl. Premiere 1870
  • Hubička ( The Kiss ). Folk opera. Music (1875/76): Bedřich Smetana . Premiere 1876 Prague
  • Blaník . Opera. Music (1874–77): Zdeněk Fibich . Premiere 1881
  • Tajemství ( The Secret ). Weird opera. Music (1877/78): Bedřich Smetana. Premiere 1878 Prague
  • Čertova stĕna ( The Devil's Wall ). Funny-romantic opera. Music (1879–82): Bedřich Smetana. Premiere 1882
  • Karel Škreta . Weird opera. Music: Karel Bendl. Premiere 1883
  • Viola . Romantic opera. Music (1874/75, 1883/84; fragment): Bedřich Smetana. WP (concert performance) 1899, (stage performance) 1924
  • Dítě Tábora ( Tabor's Child ). Tragic opera. Music (1886–88): Karel Bendl. Premiere 1892

literature

Honors

In Prague, a marble plaque on the house where she lived and worked in Resslova Street čp. 1940 5 commemorates the writer. The text reads: "The Czech poet Dr.hc Eliska Krásnohorská lived and worked here from 1897 - 1912"

The Czech medalist VAKovanic created a bronze commemorative medal for Eliška Krásnohorská in 1967 . On the front side, this shows a profile view of the writer with text inscription all around - Dr. hc Eliska Krásnohorská 1847 - 1926

Web links

Commons : Eliška Krásnohorská  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pametni-desky-v-praze.cz Accessed January 19, 2017
  2. ↑ Numispedia.de - VAKOVANIC Retrieved January 19, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Krásnohorská, Eliška
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pechová, Alžběta (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech writer
DATE OF BIRTH November 18, 1847
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH November 26, 1926
Place of death Prague