Emil Knauer

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Emil Knauer (born February 27, 1867 in Preßburg , † May 14, 1935 in Graz ) was an Austrian gynecologist and obstetrician.

Live and act

Knauer was born in 1867 as the son of master baker Georg Knauer (1822–1878) and his wife Karoline (1829–1905). After completing his school days in his hometown, he studied medicine at the University of Vienna from autumn 1885 .

He completed training in pathological anatomy under Johann Kundrat and in internal medicine under Hermann Nothnagel in Vienna . In 1891 Knauer received his doctorate and from October 1891 worked in Theodor Billroth 's surgical clinic . In April 1893 he moved to the II. University Women's Clinic under Rudolf Chrobak , where he qualified as a professor for obstetrics and gynecology in July 1901 .

As an assistant Knauer published his first experimental work on the hormonal control of sexual functions. They ultimately led to the revision of the previous theory of a nerve reflex effect between ovulation and menstruation . Through ovarian transplants in rabbits , he suspected the existence of a chemical substance produced in the ovary and an internal secretion of the organ. His findings were soon confirmed by experiments carried out by the young Josef Halban at the I. University Women's Clinic in Vienna. Knauer, Halban and Ludwig Fraenkel , who demonstrated the endocrinological function of the corpus luteum , are now considered the founders of gynecological endocrinology .

In April 1903, Knauer succeeded Alfons von Rosthorn , who moved to Heidelberg University , as a full professor at the University of Graz . Here he mainly devoted himself to expanding the clinic, which was rebuilt in 1912 according to his plans. He headed the university women's clinic for almost 32 years until his death in 1935. He turned down several offers from other universities. He was also a member of the university's senate for 17 years .

His students included Paul Mathes , Hermann Knaus, and Hans Zacherl

Emil Knauer was married and had 8 children.

Fonts (selection)

  • Emil Knauer: Some experiments on ovarian transplantation in rabbits . In: Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie . tape 20 , 1896, pp. 524-8 .
  • Emil Knauer: On ovarian transplantation (birth at the normal end of pregnancy after ovarian transplantation in rabbits). In: Zentralbl Gynäkol. 22, 1898, pp. 201-203.
  • Emil Knauer: The ovarian transplant (experimental study). In: Arch Gynecol. 60, 1900, pp. 322-376.

literature

  • Hans Zacherl : In memoriam Hofrat Prof. Dr. Emil Knauer. In: monthly obstetrics gynecol. 99, 1935, pp. 379-380.
  • Hellmuth Pickel: Emil Knauer (1867–1935) An early pioneer in gynecological endocrinology. In: Gynecologist. 49, 2016, pp. 294. – 296, doi: 10.1007 / s00129-016-3845-x
  • Hermann Knaus : Emil Knauer, Graz †. In: Arch Gynäk. 159, 1935, p. 429, doi: 10.1007 / BF02280559
  • Victor Cornelius Medvei: The birth of endocrinology Part III. In: The History of Clinical Endocrinology: A Comprehensive Account of Endocrinology from Earliest Times to the Present Day. CRC Press, 1993, ISBN 1-85070-427-9 , p. 203.
  • Otto Weininger: Sex, Science, and Self in Imperial Vienna. In: Chandak Sengoopta: The Chicago Series on Sexuality, History, and Society. University of Chicago Press, 2000, ISBN 0-226-74867-7 , p. 77.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Knauer, Emil
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian gynecologist and obstetrician
DATE OF BIRTH February 27, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Pressburg
DATE OF DEATH May 14, 1935
Place of death Graz