Emilie Bieber

Emilie Bieber (born October 26, 1810 in Hamburg ; died May 5, 1884 there ) was one of the first German photographers.

Emilie Bieber

Bieber's grave in the Ilandkoppel Jewish cemetery

Life

Little is known about Emilie Bieber's biography. Only at the age of over 40 did she appear as the founder of a photographic studio. She belonged to a small group of women who pursued a trade. The studio was on the top floor of the Gr. Bäckerstraße 26 and operated under the name “E. Beaver". In 1868 she acquired the house at 20 Neuer Jungfernstieg and set up a photographic studio there. Her brother-in-law Julius Berlin was temporarily registered as a resident at both addresses. His son Leonard Berlin was appointed as his successor by Emilie Bieber. Around the age of 65, she withdrew from daily work.

Emilie Bieber was involved in the Hamburg women's movement. In the 50s she was on the board of a kindergarten and u. a. friends with Emilie Wüstenfeld .

Emilie Bieber was buried in the Jewish cemetery Ilandkoppel in Hamburg-Ohlsdorf (grid square A 12 - 29).

E. Bieber's photographic studio

At the beginning of February 1853, “A. Köttgen "and" E. Bieber ”“ in the house of Mr. Charles Beinhauer ”at Bäckerstraße 26 a“ daguerreotype studio ”. The collaboration was short-lived, because in the spring of 1854 Koettgen and his family moved to Düsseldorf, and Emilie Bieber took over the studio as the sole owner.

Emilie Bieber specialized in hand-colored portraits, which could not be recognized as photographs on a cursory glance.

Neuer Jungfernstieg 20 (with flag) around 1892. The studio can be recognized by the glass roof.

In 1862 E. Bieber's nephew Leonard Berlin entered the photographic studio. After gaining a few years of experience and improving the technical possibilities (e.g. albumen paper , carte de visite (CdV)), Emilie Bieber presented her portraits at the first “International Photographic Exhibition” in Berlin in 1865, organized by the Berlin Photography Association had been organized.

In 1868 Emilie Bieber acquired the house at Neuer Jungfernstieg 20 from Isaac Joseph Jaffé (1806–1890). On the garden side, she had a large glass house built as a studio. Two rooms were provided for the reception of the customers and a toilet room for the ladies. Until the end of 1871 Emilie Bieber had two studios. Numerous photographs have been preserved with both the address Große Bäckerstraße 26 and Neuer Jungfernstieg 20 on the lapel .

On November 13, 1868, a "Photographic Exhibition " opened in Hamburg, which was organized by the Photographische Verein zu Hamburg . On this occasion, some well-known photographers came to Hamburg personally. a. Joseph Albert , who was on the artistic jury with Valentin Ruths . Emilie Bieber showed portraits of her studio.

In 1869 the studio presented itself for the first time abroad at the 8th Exhibition of Photography in Paris, which was organized by the Société française de photographie , with "excellent portraits". In the following years the studio showed her work and her skills to the public at several exhibitions, for example in Paris in 1870 and at the 1873 World Exhibition in Vienna.

Emilie Bieber celebrated the 25th anniversary of her studio on September 16, 1877 with her 30 employees.

Photographic studios, like the one Emilie Bieber ran, had employees who were rarely mentioned by name. Known are Arnold Mocsigay , who was in charge from 1869 to 1897, Max Jaffé and Johann Hamann , who worked as a retoucher at the end of the 1870s .

Revers of CdV and Carte cabinet

When photography gained popularity from 1860, Emilie Bieber, like other photographic studios, initially only had the name and address of her studio printed on the lapel. Over the years (approx. From 1865) pictures of acquired awards were added; they served advertising purposes.

Awards

• 1865 Berlin: Prize medal (for portraits) on the occasion of the May exhibition organized by the Photographisches Verein zu Berlin.
• 1868 Hamburg: Silver medal for portraits (fourth group) at the Hamburg exhibition [for photography] in November.
• 1870 Paris: medal.
• 1872 London: (not verifiable).
• 1872: Appointment as court photographer by Friedrich Karl von Prussia on October 31st with "special pleasure".
• 1873 Vienna: Progress Medal (Dept. Photography) for portraits on the occasion of the 1873 World Exhibition in Vienna.
• 1875: Appointed court photographer by Crown Princess Victoria .

Memberships

• from April 1865 in the Photographischer Verein zu Berlin .
• from 1866 in the Photographic Society in Vienna .
• from 1867 continuation of membership in the Hamburg district association of the German Photographers Association, formerly the Photographischer Verein zu Berlin. She resigned in 1869 and joined - like some others - immediately (as an external member) the newly founded association for the promotion of photography .
• from 1869 in the Société Française de Photographie .

Succession

In 1862 Emilie Bieber's nephew Leonard Berlin joined the photographic studio. After her death in 1884, he took over the studio “according to a will”.

The studio in Gr. Bäckerstraße 26 was still used by photographers: from 1874 to 1879, Herman Matsen reported the address, and from 1882 for a short time Rudolf Dührkoop and from 1884 Hermann Köster.

Other namesake

In Hamburg there was a Bieber family of Protestant faith who were known as bell founders. Later the family mainly provided merchants and pharmacists, such as JD Bieber , who was honored with a bronze medal at the 1868 photographic exhibition in Hamburg as a supplier of iodine and bromine preparations. Emilie Bieber was not related to this family.

Others

Emilie Bieber was active in the Hamburg women's movement. She was a member of the “Women's Association for the Support of Poor Care of 1849” and the “Women's Association for the Support of German Catholics”. Emilie Wüstenfeld and Bertha Traun were among the sponsors . Emilie Bieber was mentioned several times as a donor in Hamburg newspapers. In December 1867 she supported the collection of women from Hamburg and Altona for the victims of a hurricane on St. Thomas . In February 1875 she donated photographs by Emilie Wüstenfeld to the foundation of the same name. In 1876 she supported the “Sisters of Charity” organization with a sum of money. In 1869 she donated a fork consecration to the Hamburg Zoological Garden .

Works

• 

  Jenny Lind with husband Otto Goldschmidt (1869)

• 

  Clara Ziegler (1869)

• 

  Unknown man, daguerreotype 1856

• 

  Unknown woman, daguerreotype 1856

literature

• Bodo von Dewitz , Fritz Kempe : Daguerreotypes. Ambrotypes and pictures of other processes from the early days of photography. Museum for Arts and Crafts, Hamburg 1983, p. 264.
• Fritz Kempe: Daguerreotype in Germany. The charm of early photography. Heering, Seebruck am Chiemsee 1979, pp. 135 and 138.
• Fritz Kempe: In front of the camera. On the history of photography in Hamburg, Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1976, p. 61ff.
• Dieter Martin: Walk through the history of photography . Self-published, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-00-000731-8 , pp. 38-39 , accessed on May 29, 2019.
• Hanni Schwarz : Photography as a women's profession . In: Hermann Wilhelm Vogel (Ed.): Photographische Mitteilungen . 45th year Gustav Schmist, Berlin 1905, pp. 161–162, (about the beginning of the studio), ( digitized version http: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3Dbub_gb_4xo_AAAAYAAJ~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3Dn274~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D).
• Wilhelm Weimar : The Daguerreotype in Hamburg 1839-1860. A contribution to the history of photography. In: Yearbook of the Hamburg Scientific Institutions , Volume 32 (1914), 1st booklet. Meissner, Hamburg 1915, p. 39 and p. 43, ( digitized ).

Web links

Wikisource: Photographic Correspondence  - Sources and Full Texts

Wikisource: Photographic Communications  - Sources and Full Texts

Commons : E. Bieber, Revers (1865–1875)  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : Photographs by Emilie Bieber  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Commons : Photographs from E. Bieber's studio  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Daguerreotypes and photographs by Emilie Bieber in the "MKG Collection Online" of the Museum for Art and Industry in Hamburg
• Edith Laudowicz: Marie Auguste Adelgunde Koettgen, b. Lyra December 19, 1823 Osnabrück - April 2, 1904 Düsseldorf. In: Bremen women's history. Edith Laudowicz, Bremen, 2017, accessed on August 27, 2019 . 
• Rita Bake: Emilie Bieber. In: Hamburg women biographies. School and Vocational Training Authority, July 2019, accessed August 28, 2019 . 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Rita Bake, Brita Reimers, This is how they lived! Walking on the paths of women in Hamburg's old and new town . Hamburg: Dölling and Galitz 2003, p. 126.
2. ^ "... glass house ..., was under the roof." (Fritz Kempe: Vor der Camera , p. 63).
3. ↑ The house (Charles Beinhauer) Grosse Bäckerstraße 26 formed a corner building with Grosse Johannisstraße and had a flat roof ( Hamburg's new building , sheet 43. Grosse Johannis-Strasse. Sheet 2. (south side). Lithograph by Charles Fuchs around 1850).
4. ↑ The name of the photographic studio did not allow any conclusions to be drawn about gender.
5. ↑ 1850 is found in the Hamburg news , the name "Betty Berlin, born Beaver".
6. ↑ Julius Berlin was also active on the board.
7. ↑ Grave register and cemetery plan
8. ^ Advertisement with the reference to an opening (without date) in the Hamburger Nachrichten on February 5, 1853. The repeated date “16. September 1852 ”for the opening can probably be traced back to a quote (Hanni Schwarz: Photography as a woman's job ) from 1877 on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the studio.
9. ↑ Marie Auguste Adelgunde Koettgen (1823–1904) was the initiator. She was the wife of the portrait painter Gustav Adolf Koettgen and sister of the composer Justus Wilhelm Lyra . (Edith Laudowicz: Marie Auguste Adelgunde Koettgen ).
10. ↑ The reference "in the house of Mr. Charles Beinhauer" was used because it was a well-known company. Beinhauer used as the address: "Corner of the large Johannisstrasse and Börsenbrücke".
11. ↑ Hamburg address book for 1870. Directory of people and companies: Second section, II / 34
    Hamburg address book for 1871. Directory of people and companies: Second section, p. II / 32
12. ^ The photographic exhibition in Hamburg . In: Photographische Mitteilungen , 5th year, 1869, p. 216.
13. ^ Repertory. Die Photographie in Paris .. In:  Photographische Correspondenz , year 1869, pp. 249–253 (here p. 252 ) (online at ANNO ). . The text is a translation from The Photographic News , Title: The French Photographic Exhibition , Vol. XIII, No. 580, October 15, 1869, p. 493-494. ("M. Bieber of Hamburg, ... show excellent examples of portraiture, although ...")
14. ^ Repertory. The Paris photographic exhibition of 1870 .. In:  Photographische Correspondenz , year 1870, pp. 164–165 (here p.165 ) (online at ANNO ).
15. ↑ The photography at the world exhibition in 1873. I. For orientation .. In:  Photographische Correspondenz , year 1873, No. 105, pp. 54–57 (here p. 56 ) (online at ANNO ).
16. ^ Josef Langl :  Photography at the world exhibition. III. (Enough). In:  Deutsche Zeitung , October 22, 1873, p. 4 (online at ANNO ).
17. ^ Association and Personal News .. In:  Photographische Correspondenz , Volume 1877, No. 164, pp. 229–230 (online at ANNO ).
18. ^ For example, negative and positive retouchers : Hamburg, E. Bieber's Photographisches Institut:  Photographie. In:  Illustrirte Zeitung , September 14, 1872, p. 208 (online at ANNO ). or
    E. Bieber, Hamburg, K. Hofphotograph:  Photographie .. In:  Illustrirte Zeitung , June 16, 1877, p. 522 (online at ANNO ).
19. ^ List of those exhibitors who were awarded prize medals at the international photographic exhibition in Berlin. In:  Photographisches Correspondenz , year 1865, pp. 217–220 (here p. 218: “44. E. Bieber” ) (online at ANNO ).
20. ^ List of awards from the Hamburg exhibition. In: Photographic communications. 5th year, 1869, p. 239 digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3Dbub_gb_ZAdQAAAAYAAJ~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3Dn257~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D
21. ^ Bulletin de la Société Française de Photographie . Tome Dix-Septième (17th vol.). Gauthier-Villars, Paris 1871, p. 10 .
22. ^ Fritz Kempe: Before the camera. 1976, p. 61 ff.
23. ↑ Photography at the World Exhibition in 1873. II. Awards .. In: Photographische Correspondenz , year 1873, No. 107, p. 84
24. ^ The individual objects in the world exhibition. In:  Wiener Weltausstellung-Zeitung / International Exhibition Newspaper , August 20, 1873, p. (Unpag.) 2 (online at ANNO ).
25. ^ Association and staff news. In:  Photographische Correspondenz , year 1875, No. 139, p. 249 (online at ANNO ).
26. ↑ Photographic communications . Volume 2, 1865/66, p. 30, ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DcGoYLdyABq0C~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA30~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ).
27. ^ Minutes of the plenary meeting of the photographic society in Vienna, March 20, 1866 .. In:  Photographische Correspondenz , year 1866, p. 102 (online at ANNO ).
28. ↑ Photographic communications . 4th year, 1868, p. 160, ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DnNRkNptMK5wC~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA160~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ).
29. ↑ Photographic communications . 4th year, 1868, p. 25 ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DnNRkNptMK5wC~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA25~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ), Photographische Mittheilungen . 6th year, 1870, p. 85 ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DUoFNAAAAYAAJ~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA85~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D )
30. ↑ List de membres ... au 1 ^he Janvier 1901 ... In: Bulletin de la Société Française de Photographie . Tome Dix-Septième (17th vol.). Gauthier-Villars, Paris 1901, p. 8. ( Bieber (M ^me ) photographe de la Cour de Berlin, Hambourg (Allemagne) (1869) ).
31. ↑ Association and staff news. In:  Photographische Correspondenz , year 1884, No. 277, p. 152 (online at ANNO ). . There is a will in the Hamburg State Archives (Sig .: 232-3_H 9192). The content is unknown.
32. ^ Hamburg address book for 1874. Directory of persons and companies, p. II / 270
    Hamburg address book for 1879. Directory of persons and companies, p. III / 235
33. ↑ German Gender Book , Volume 21 (3rd Hamburg Volume), pp. 37-52. Görlitz: CA Starke 1912. Digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3Ddeutschesgeschle211koer~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3Dn207~doppelseiten%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D
34. ^ Honorable recognition. In:  Photographische Correspondenz , year 1868, no. 280, p. 279 (online at ANNO ).
35. ^ Franz Hilgendorf: Directory of the zoological garden gifts to animals . In: Guide through the zoological garden in Hamburg . With an introduction to the history of the garden by Dr. jur. H. Donnenberg. Verlag der Zoologischer Gesellschaft, Hamburg 1869, p. 93f.