Oil production in Lütow

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"Horse heads" from deep pumps at Netzelkower Harbor
Workshop building and high tank of the former Lütow field headquarters (2016)

The oil production in Lutow on the island of Usedom , Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , began in 1966. It is now operated by the international energy group Neptune Energy (until 2017 Engie ). The deposit in the area of ​​the municipality of Lütow was the largest oil deposit in the GDR . The German-Canadian Central European Petroleum GmbH (CEP) carried out two test wells until 2016, but these were commercially unsuccessful.

Deposit

The Lütow-Krummin oil deposit is mostly located in the northern part of the Gnitzes , a peninsula in the north-west of Usedom between the Krumminer Wiek and the Achterwasser . The oil field has a bird's eye looks at a elongated oval shape and covers an area of about 150 hectares. It extends partly under the locations Neuendorf and Netzelkow . Its southeast end is under the island of Görmitz . Thus, the deposit is partly also under the Twelen, the narrow arm of the sea between Gnitz and Görmitz.

The oil deposit is at a depth of 2,400 to 2,500 meters. The petroleum-bearing reservoir in the Zechstein's Staßfurt cycle is around 80 meters thick. This makes it the largest known deposit in the new federal states.

Oil production

More than 30 wells were drilled in the area of ​​the municipality of Lütow during the GDR era, 24 of which hit the oil deposit and enabled production. The seven other wells, the last one from 1986, were just outside the deposit.

Initially, eruptive extraction was possible; the pressure of the oil was so high that it came to the surface without further action. Deep pumps were installed later , the characteristic “horse heads” of which shaped the oil field for several decades. The promotion had a positive economic effect on the region, which previously lived largely from agriculture, fishing and tourism. The plant in Lütow reached the maximum annual production of 220,000 tons of crude oil as early as 1969. In the same year it had also recorded the highest daily output, which was more than 1000 tons.

In the 1990s, most production probes went out of service for economic reasons. By 1994 the deposit was considered largely exhausted. The annual output decreased rapidly and in 1996 only reached 9578 tons. In 2005 eight production wells were still in operation, which at that time produced a total of around 7,300 tons of crude oil. The total output since 1966 amounts to around 1.3 million tons of crude oil.

The GDF Suez E & P Germany GmbH operating in Lütow a conveying and processing facilities. Tank trucks brought the extracted oil to the PCK refinery in Schwedt / Oder , where it was further processed. In 2011, seven wells were still in operation in Lütow, which together produced 2262 tons of oil in 2018. This means that Lütow only played a negligible role in oil production in Germany . Accompanied by protests by nature conservationists, the Berlin- based German-Canadian Central European Petroleum GmbH planned in 2011 and 2012 to carry out new exploratory drillings in Lütow and in nearby Pudagla.

history

On November 15, 1965 they found what they were looking for at the Görmitz 1 well . Contrary to its name, it is not located on the island of the same name, but on the Gnitz peninsula, about 500 meters east of the Neuendorf district of Lütow. Almost all other wells then bore the name Lütow . On March 20, 1966, the Lütow field center began funding.

In order to actually be able to drill on Görmitz, an earth dam was raised through the Twelen, on which the heavy drilling technology was transported over to the island. Three holes were drilled on Görmitz in 1969/1970. A large part of the island and nearby waters have been under nature protection since 2001 .

Like all oil production systems in what is now Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, the company belonged to the VEB Erdöl-Erdgas Grimmen . During the GDR era, the crude oil was transported to the refinery in Schwedt / Oder by tanker . For this purpose, the port of Netzelkow was expanded accordingly.

After the reunification , VEB Erdöl-Erdgas Grimmen was converted into a GmbH . The operation in Lütow was previously merged with Erdöl-Erdgas Gommern (EEG). This was taken over by Gaz de France in 1994 and relocated to Berlin in 1999. After another merger, it was renamed GDF Suez E&P Deutschland GmbH in 2008 . After renaming in 2016 to Engie E&P , the company was taken over by Neptune Energy in 2018 .

literature

  • Förderverein Erdöl & Heimat e. V. (Ed.): Treasure hunters. A chronicle of the Grimmen oil company 1961–1990. 2nd edition, Reinkenhagen 2009.

Web links

Commons : Lütow (Ölfeld)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ CEP gives up the search for oil on Usedom. ( Memento of the original from October 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. March 23, 2016. Retrieved October 4, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.orte-im-norden.de
  2. ↑ The water body name is a plural tantum ("the Twelen").
  3. ↑ 50 years of oil production in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
  4. ↑ Klaus Schulze, Peter Wambach: Gommern - Center of the petroleum-natural gas industry in East Germany. ( Memento of the original from December 16, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gesteinsgarten.de
  5. ↑ Oil sources on Usedom are slowly drying up
  6. ↑ BVEG Statistical Report 2018, page 16 , last accessed June 24, 2019
  7. ↑ The oil from Usedom. Crude oil is to be extracted on the Baltic island.
  8. ^ Resistance to oil drilling off Usedom ( memento from February 11, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ), NDR 1 Radio MV, April 2, 2012.
  9. ↑ Torsten Hampel: A Dutchman on the black gold edge . In: Der Tagesspiegel from July 30, 2011.
  10. ^ NSG Insel Görmitz
  11. ↑ The history of GDF SUEZ E&P Deutschland GmbH at a glance. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 10, 2015 ; Retrieved July 12, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gdfsuezep.de
  12. ↑ Neptune Energy completes acquisition of ENGIE E&P International SA. Retrieved July 5, 2018 .

Coordinates: 54 ° 1 ′ 55.2 ″  N , 13 ° 54 ′ 0 ″  E