Peanut basin
The peanut basin ( le bassin arachidier ) is an important ecogeographical natural area in the West African state of Senegal , which owes its name to the peanut cultivation that has been practiced there since the French colonial era .
The area in the west and in the middle of Senegal, which is not necessarily to be understood as a basin in the geological sense , is a natural area of 46,367 km². That is almost a quarter of the total area of Senegal.
All the way to the Peanut Basin are among the regions Diourbel , Fatick , Kaffrine and Kaolack and parts of the regions of Louga and Thiès , except that the Ferlo belonging Linguère department in the east and the west, the Grande Côte with the wetlands of the zone of Niayes .
The economically successful use of the areas, for the most part far from seaports, for peanut cultivation was only possible through the expansion of the Dakar – Niger railway network .
Development of peanut cultivation
Peanut cultivation has a tendency to expand to the south and east. In Casamance and in large parts of the Tambacounda region , the proportion of land has already reached medium size. In contrast, the area with a large proportion of agricultural land moved from north to south within a hundred years. While the focus was initially on the area in the west between Louga and Mbour , it is now in the south around the Gambian border between Nioro du Rip and Koumpentoum , in the Forêt de Pata near Kolda and along the large estuaries of Saloum and Casamance .
Peanut cultivation had its peak in the 1970s. In 1976 the harvested area increased to 13,460 km² and in 1975 1,444,093 tons were harvested. Since then, there has been a decline in the area harvested to 5248 km² by 2003 and the amount harvested to just 260,723 tons by 2002. The annual results were sometimes subject to considerable fluctuations from year to year, not least because of the very different productivity of the annual rainy season . Since 2002/2003 there has been an increase in peanut cultivation, most recently in 2017 915,000 tons on 9400 km². This means that Senegal still ranks 9th among the ten largest peanut producers in the world.
| year | harvested area (in ha ) | Harvest quantity (in t ) |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 1026000 | 1022000 |
| 1962 | 1015000 | 1022000 |
| 1963 | 1084000 | 1084500 |
| 1964 | 1055000 | 1019000 |
| 1965 | 1114000 | 1121000 |
| 1966 | 1116710 | 1000000 |
| 1967 | 1166746 | 1008610 |
| 1968 | 1195117 | 836800 |
| 1969 | 959800 | 796100 |
| 1970 | 989918 | 589950 |
| 1971 | 1068873 | 997120 |
| 1972 | 1086732 | 586900 |
| 1973 | 1042691 | 692779 |
| 1974 | 1152100 | 980200 |
| 1975 | 1302300 | 1444093 |
| 1976 | 1346000 | 1231500 |
| 1977 | 1113000 | 518956 |
| 1978 | 1178000 | 1061082 |
| 1979 | 1069000 | 676000 |
| 1980 | 1074742 | 523003 |
| 1981 | 1015740 | 872319 |
| 1982 | 1147723 | 1004023 |
| 1983 | 1108000 | 549000 |
| 1984 | 872972 | 503770 |
| 1985 | 604573 | 601246 |
| 1986 | 807728 | 842564 |
| 1987 | 845338 | 963123 |
| 1988 | 903438 | 722898 |
| 1989 | 784059 | 844225 |
| 1990 | 913948 | 702584 |
| 1991 | 871614 | 724416 |
| 1992 | 956780 | 578498 |
| 1993 | 739031 | 627633 |
| 1994 | 892031 | 678040 |
| 1995 | 841384 | 790617 |
| 1996 | 919815 | 646394 |
| 1997 | 788120 | 544825 |
| 1998 | 555464 | 579067 |
| 1999 | 916847 | 1014250 |
| 2000 | 1095390 | 1061540 |
| 2001 | 920534 | 887356 |
| 2002 | 813725 | 260723 |
| 2003 | 524843 | 440709 |
| 2004 | 747303 | 602621 |
| 2005 | 772305 | 703373 |
| 2006 | 594264 | 460481 |
| 2007 | 607195 | 331195 |
| 2008 | 836843 | 731210 |
| 2009 | 1059093 | 1032651 |
| 2010 | 1195573 | 1286856 |
| 2011 | 865770 | 527528 |
| 2012 | 708950 | 692572 |
| 2013 | 916750 | 677456 |
| 2014 | 878659 | 669329 |
| 2015 | 1135339 | 1050042 |
| 2016 | 880000 | 719000 |
| 2017 | 940000 | 915000 |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ababacar CASE 2014: Le Ferlo sénégalais: Approche géographique de la vulnérabilité des anthroposystèmes sahéliens ; Location and area of the peanut basin on pages 31 and 32 of the 17 MB PDF file
- ^ Forêt de Pata at Geonames
- ↑ Ababacar FALL 2014: Development of the geographical distribution of peanut cultivation between 1860 and 2000 on page 49 of the PDF file
- ↑ Crops / Senegal / Area harvested / Production Quantity / Groundnuts, with shell / Years: select all. In: FAO production statistics for 2017. fao.org, accessed on January 7, 2020 (English).
Web links
- Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles. 2008: Arachidier Basin. Comprendre les exploitations agricoles familiales. Survey in the Thiès, Fatick and Kaffrine regions PDF file 0.53 MB
- André Lericollais in: Atlas du Sénégal 1980. Le Bassin de l'Arachide PDF file 0.6 MB
Coordinates: 14 ° 15 ′ N , 16 ° 0 ′ W