M'bour
M'bour | ||
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Coordinates | 14 ° 25 ′ N , 16 ° 58 ′ W | |
Basic data | ||
Country | Senegal | |
Thiès | ||
Department | Mbour | |
ISO 3166-2 | SN-TH | |
height | 14 m | |
Residents | 232,777 (2013) | |
politics | ||
mayor | Serigne Fallou Sylla | |
At the Quai De Pêche Mbour (Fish Market)
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M'bour (also written M'Bour and Mbour , in Wolof Mbuur ) is a city in the central west of Senegal . It is prefecture of the Mbour département in the Thiès region and is a center for the country's fishing and tourism .
Geographical location
Mbour is located on the Petite-Côte , about 80 km southeast of the capital Dakar , and has grown together structurally with the adjoining seaside resort Saly Portudal . All other surrounding villages are part of the rural community (Communauté rurale) Malicounda ; these are Malikounda Sas, Falokh, Sintiou Mbadane, Nianing and Warang.
After Dakar , capital of Senegal, there are 83 km away. It is 37 km from Dakar-Blaise Diagne Airport , Ndiass, which opened in December 2018, to Mbour.
population
The population of M'bour is made up of different ethnic groups. Here live Serer , Lébou , Mandinka , Fulani .
The last censuses showed the following population figures for the city:
year | Residents |
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1988 | 76,751 |
2002 | 153.503 |
2013 | 232,777 |
history
Since the 1860s, the Serer and Lébou had already settled in M'bour due to fishing. The Mandinka from the Casamance also settled in M'bour during this period. From the 1920s the French colonial administration expanded the port of M'bour. This was followed by a wave of immigration into the urban area, including by other population groups such as the Peul . The L'escale quarter, inhabited by the Mandinka, had to be given over to the colonial rulers. The Mandinka then founded the districts Sosse-Ost and Sosse-West.
Urban development can be divided into four phases.
- The pre-colonial phase
- Between 1922 and 1945
- Between 1946 and 1976
- From 1977 until today
Until 1922, the French were particularly interested in expanding the city, which until then had only been sparsely populated by the Serer, Lébou and Sossés (Mandinka).
In the second phase from 1922 to 1945, the urban structure of Mbour developed through the planned expansion of the port facilities and the axes of the urban development plan.
economy
The city developed around a titanium mine . In addition, the economy is mainly based on fishing and tourism. M'bour has the second largest port in Senegal after Dakar. We export to neighboring countries and the European Union .
But it is also an important tourist center, both because of the fine and flat sandy beach of the Petite-Côte , as well as because of the abundant fish. The "Experimental Ecological Protected Area of M'bour" ( Réserve écologique expérimentale de M'bour ), which was established in 1987, is particularly worth seeing .
Culture
The Mandinka perform the Kankurang every year in Mbour , which is an initiation rite for young men. The foliage festival is performed on four consecutive weekends in August and September. The Kankurang, a mythical figure of Mandinkian cosmology , may only be viewed by already initiated Mandinka men. Tourists should keep their distance. The Kankurang has been included in the representative list of Unesco as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity. Today the Kankurang is threatened by tourism, but also by advancing urbanization and is therefore a cultural asset that needs to be protected.
Town twinning
Since 1974 M'bour has been sibling with the French port city of Concarneau .
Personalities
- Youssou Diagne , politician and former President of the National Assembly of Senegal
- Demba Diop , former Mayor of M'bour and former Minister for Youth and Sports during the presidency of Léopold Sédar Senghor . A grammar school in M'bour and the Demba Diop stadium in Dakar are named after Demba Diop.
- Caroline Faye Diop , born in Foundiougne in 1923 , wife of Demba Diop. She was the first female MP in the National Assembly of Senegal, and then Minister under Léopold Sédar Senghor and Abdou Diouf .
- Youssou Thiépenda Diop - civil administrator, former governor of the Ziguinchor region
- Ousmane Kane , lawyer and former independent candidate for the Senegalese presidential election in 2007
- Viviane N'Dour (* 1959), Senegalese Mbalax / R&B singer, backing singer for Youssou N'Dour in the early 1990s
- Tafsir Demba Sall (?), Namesake for a school in M'bour
- Serigne Abdoulaye Ndiaye (?), Religious Leader
- Thierno Mansour Barro , marabout of M'bour
- Assane Diop Ba , footballer
- Mame Birame Gaye (* 1987), football player
- Moussa Konaté (* 1993), football player
- Nago Koité from M'bour, Senegal, dancer and drummer, founded the musician group N'Guewel Saf Sap in the 80s with his brothers Pape Gueye, Amadou, Sidy and Talla Koité
- Ibrahima Niane (* 1999), football player
- Charles M. Huber , actor, author and politician (born 1956 in Munich)
bibliography
- Sadibou Dabo: Ethnicity et urbanization: les Mandingues de Mbuur au XIX – XX siècle , Dakar, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, 1994, 102 p. (Mémoire de Maîtrise) (French)
- Abdoulaye Mballo: L'évolution politique de la ville de Mbour de 1945 à 1967 , Dakar, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, 1993, 101 p. (Mémoire de Maîtrise) (French)
- C. Case: "Environnement côtier et santé: le cas des villes de Dakar et Mbour", in Diaw, AT, Thiam, MD, Bouland, P., Diouf, PS, Lake, LA, Mbow, MA, Ndiaye, P. et Thiam, MD, Gestion des ressources côtières et littorales du Sénégal: Actes de l'Atelier de Gorée du 27-29 Juillet 1992 , 1993, p. 269–274 (French)
- Brigitte Rasoloniaina: Étude des représentations linguistiques des Sereer (Sénégal: Mbour, Nianing, Sandiara) , Paris, L'Harmattan, 2000 (French)
- Birahim Seck: L'évaluation de la santé maternelle et périnatale à Mbour, Sénégal: une étude sociologique empirique , Lausanne, Sciences sociales et politiques, 2002 (French)
Movies
- Les Enfants perdus de M'Bour , un film de Daniel Grandclément, France, 2009, 46 ', documentary about the problem of begging Koran students ( talibés ) in Sénégal.
credentials
- ↑ Dakar et ses environs , carte 1 / 16,000, édition 2007–2008 (French)
- ↑ Senegal: The most important places with statistics on their population
- ↑ Unesco: Kankurang, Manding initiatory rite. In: Unesco Intangible Heritage Section. Unesco, accessed on June 15, 2019 .