Ernst Danielson

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Ernst Danielson

Ernst Danielson (* 1866 in Voxna, County Gävleborgs ; † 15. August 1907 in Stöpsjöhyttan, Värmland was a) Swedish power - engineer and one of the pioneers of the Swedish electrical engineering .

Life

Training and study trips

Ernst Danielson around 1900

Ernst Danielson graduated from the Royal Technical University in Stockholm in 1887 and started working as an engineer at Elektriska aktiebolaget . In 1890 Danielson left Stockholm to undertake a longer study trip in the USA , while he came to the Thomson-Houston Electric Company in Lynn , Massachusetts , where he worked with Henry G. Reist (1862-1942), and WJ Foster and in December 1891 made the first designs for three-phase alternating current machines.

In spring 1892 he returned to Sweden and was employed as a design engineer at Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget (ASEA) in Västerås .

The invention of three-phase alternating current

In the years around 1890, several inventors simultaneously presented a technical solution for three-phase alternating current and its practical application. These included Michael von Dolivo-Dobrowolski in Germany, Charles Brown in Switzerland and Jonas Wenström in Sweden , who came from Russia .

The first three-phase transmission between Lauffen and Frankfurt with high-voltage three-phase alternating current took place in the context of the International Electrotechnical Exhibition in Germany in 1891 between Lauffen am Neckar and Frankfurt am Main .

The Hällsjön-Grängesberg facility

Two years after the trial in Germany, the world's first commercial application was carried out in Sweden, between the remote village of Hällsjön and the mining town of Grängesberg in Bergslagen / Dalarna . It was a distance of 12 km with a voltage of 9,500 volts and a power transmission of almost 220 kW. The system was intended to provide the mining area in Grängesberg with electricity for lighting and motors, which was generated by the hydropower of Lake Vasselsjön near Hällsjön. This was a previously untested method, because until now mechanical power transmission systems had been used (see: Artificial rods ). Danielson was instrumental in planning and designing the facility.

Reist and Foster then designed the US's first three-phase system in Mill Creek, California for Redlands Electric Light and Power Company . The system at Hällsjön in Sweden was rebuilt several times, but was demolished as early as 1912 because it could no longer meet the increasing demand for electrical power.

Wennström died shortly after the opening of the plant in Hällsjön / Grängesberg at the age of 38 and Danielson, who had meanwhile become chief designer at ASEA, continued the work that had been started. In 1900, Danielson became technical director at ASEA.

Pictures of the Hällsjön-Grängesberg facility

  • Drawing by Qvist & Gjers 1892

  • Hällsjö power station under construction in 1893

  • Hällsjö power station after inauguration in 1895

  • Part of the original building in 2009

Further life and work

Danielson invented the synchronous motor in 1902 . Along with Louis Bell of General Electric , he tried to develop an engine that is not the patents of Westinghouse injured. For the electric synchronous motor, which is advantageous when constant speeds are required, Danielson modified the induction motor invented by the American Nikola Tesla in 1887 by replacing its non-magnetic armature with a permanent magnet or an electromagnet .

Danielson has also written numerous academic articles for national and international technical journals. In 1906 he became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences .

literature

Web links

Commons : Kraftwerk Hällsjön  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Project Runeberg
  2. ↑ a b Ernst Danielson . In: Bernhard Meijer, Theodor Westrin (ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 5 : Cestius-Degas . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1906, Sp. 1258 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
  3. ^ Ronald L. Burgess: Redlands Powers the World - How the San Bernardino Valley Developed Modern Electric Power First . (English)
  4. ↑ Svensk uppslagsbok . Förlagshuset Norden AB, 1944, Volume 6, Page 1007
  5. ↑ Science and Technology 1902 on chroniknet.de
  6. ↑ 100 years of electrotechnical standardization  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) on eurel.org@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.eurel.org  
  7. ↑ Die Siemensstadt  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on siemens.de@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / w3.siemens.de  
  8. ↑ Found in Joseph Paul Martino: Science Funding on books.google.com (English)
personal data
SURNAME Danielson, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish engineer and developer of the electrosynchronous motor
DATE OF BIRTH 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Voxna, Gävleborg County
DATE OF DEATH August 15, 1907
Place of death Stöpsjöhyttan, Värmland