Ernst Lehmann (biologist)

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Ernst B. Johann Lehmann (born June 24, 1880 in Dresden ; † December 1, 1957 in Tübingen ) was a German botanist and university professor. Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " EBJLehm. ".

Life

Lehmann studied natural sciences and especially botany at the universities of Tübingen and Kiel . In 1909 he completed his habilitation in Kiel and became a private lecturer in botany at the University of Kiel, in 1913 an associate professor and in 1922 a full professor of botany and director of the Botanical Institute and the Botanical Garden in Tübingen. His research focus was genetics .

In October 1931 Lehmann founded the German Association of Biologists (DBV) and subsequently acted as its chairman and editor of the association's journal Der Biologe . During the time of National Socialism he tried to establish a "German Biology" analogous to the " German Physics " of the Nobel Prize winners Johannes Stark and Philipp Lenard on the basis of the National Socialist racial theory . He expressed his stance in 1937 with the sentence “ Volksgemeinschaft is blood community”. As early as 1919 he was a member of the national association “Hereditary wreath”. Lehmann was also a member of the Pan-German Association .

From 1933 to 1937 he was dean at the University of Tübingen. On December 1, 1934, the German Association of Biologists was affiliated to the National Socialist Teachers' Association (NSLB) and from now on formed the "Subject Biology" of the NSLB with the teaching staff among its members. Lehmann became department head. Simultaneously with the connection of the German Biologists Association to the NSLB, the German Biologists Association became a member of the "Reich Committee for Public Health Service", which in turn formed a subdivision of the Reich Ministry of the Interior .

In 1943, Lehmann was suspended from his position as university dean due to quarrels as "intolerable". His attempts to become a member of the NSDAP failed because of his former membership in a lodge and a lack of documents about his ancestry.

Grave in the Tübingen city cemetery

After the end of the war, Lehmann's writings Biologischer Wille ( Lehmann , Munich 1934), Paths and Goals of a German Biology (Lehmann, Munich 1936) and Der Biologe ( DAF Lehrmittelzentrale , Berlin 1941) were placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet occupation zone .

Lehmann retired in 1952.

Main research areas

Quote

“Our botanists and zoologists of the SA are doing a thankful job! If attention is paid to these questions in the SA, the SA man is led to closer ties to everything that grows and blooms outside, that creeps and flies - on storm or troop evenings as well as in the field - then this will undoubtedly be in the spirit of the SA-Obergruppenführer Hermann Göring , to whom we owe the nature conservation ordinance. He will be delighted if the SA also cultivates a love of local nature in addition to major political tasks. "

- Ernst Lehmann : The Biologist , born 1937, p. 304.

Works

  • Descent and Heredity. Tubingen, 1913
  • Biological will. Ways and goals of biological work in the new realm. Munich, 1934
  • Ways and goals of a German biology. JF Lehmanns Verlag, Munich, 1936
  • The wrong path of biology , 1946
  • Swabian pharmacists and pharmacy families in their relationship to botany , 1951

literature

  • Ilse Jahn : history of biology. Theories, methods, institutions, short biographies . 3rd revised and expanded edition. Spectrum, Heidelberg et al. 2000, ISBN 3-8274-1023-1 .
  • Ute Deichmann : Biologists under Hitler. Portrait of a science in the Nazi state . Revised and expanded edition. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 1995, ISBN 3-596-12597-9 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see web link Judith Gissing: Rassenhygiene und Schule im Third Reich . Chapter 2.3: Ernst Lehmann and the German Association of Biologists
  2. ↑ see web link Judith Gissing: Rassenhygiene und Schule im Third Reich . Chapter 4: The journal “Der Biologe” as an organ of Nazi biology
  3. ↑ Gautagung Mainfränkischer Erzieher in Würzburg (February 1937), quoted from: Ernst Lehmann and the German Association of Biologists (PDF; 256 kB), p. 32.
  4. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1946-nslit-l.html
  5. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1948-nslit-l.html
  6. ↑ cit. based on: Poliakowski / Wulf: The Third Reich and its Thinkers, Berlin 1959, p. 533.
personal data
SURNAME Lehmann, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lehmann, Ernst B. Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German botanist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH June 24, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH December 1, 1957
Place of death Tübingen