Esch / Auweiler
 district 607 of Cologne |
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 0 '44 " N , 6 ° 51' 26" E |
| surface | 7.61 km² |
| Residents | 6970 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density | 916 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Jan. 1, 1975 |
| Post Code | 50765 |
| prefix | 0221 |
| Borough | Chorweiler (6) |
| Transport links | |
| Highway |
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| Bus routes | 123 125 126 |
| Source: 2017 residents . (PDF) Cologne district information | |
Esch / Auweiler is a northern district of Cologne . The Doppelort created on 1 January 1975. by the incorporation of the two earlier to the municipality Sinnersdorf belonging villages Esch and Auweiler the city of Cologne.
location
The Cologne district of Esch / Auweiler borders in the north on the district of Roggendorf / Thenhoven and on the federal highway 57 . To the east is Cologne-Pesch. In the south runs the A 1 federal motorway, which connects to the south of Cologne-Bocklemünd / Mengenich. To the west of Esch is the small town of Orr and then Pulheim . Sinnersdorf is northwest of Esch.
Esch
The oldest evidence of people found in the Escher area belong to the late Neolithic period. The find areas with legacies from that time are located near Esch on the western and eastern hilltops along the old arm of the Rhine.
Further local settlement references come from Roman times. The Roman ruins in and near Esch probably belong to five smaller villae rusticae . These were fenced manors with mansions, stables, barn and servants' house. They supplied the inhabitants of the Roman provincial capital Cologne and the military in the camps on the Rhine border with agricultural products. Also in the old village church of St. Martinus, bricks from Roman underfloor heating have been exposed on the northern pillar of the triumphal arch, some of which have been visible under walkable glass plates since 1995.
Ascha-Esch is mentioned for the first time in a document from Cologne Archbishop Everger for the Benedictine monastery Groß St. Martin in Cologne from 989. It belongs to the oldest tradition of this large and rich monastery. In the Middle Ages, Esch belonged to the Dingstuhl Griesberg in Amte Hülchrath .
The history of Esch from its first mention in 989 until well into the 19th century is a history of its farms. The location of these courtyards is still largely unchanged today. Some of them are still managed.
Agriculture was predominant in Esch for around 900 years. The people lived as independent farmers, as tenants, as farm workers or farmhands from agriculture. It was not until the end of the century before last that the population structure also changed in Esch with industrialization and the enormous growth of the city of Cologne.
But Esch has not only been oriented towards the city of Cologne for the last hundred years. Already at the time of the first mention 1000 years ago there were close ties to Cologne, so that Esch was under the influence of the city. The land - and largely the people on it - belonged to Cologne monasteries and monasteries, above all the Groß St. Martin monastery. It was also largely members of the Cologne patriciate who invested the property they had acquired in the trade in real estate in the Cologne area and thus created the transition to the landed gentry.
Roman Catholic parish
The Roman Catholic Church in Esch was given the name St. Martinus. The medieval Martinus Church still dominates the old town center. The building shows traces of numerous alterations and extensions; the oldest structure dates from the 11th century. Around 1200 the small aisle church was raised and enlarged by a side aisle on the north side, which was supplemented in the 13th century with a south aisle and a Romanesque square tower. There have been various modifications over the centuries. During the last restoration in the 1990s, the condition after the Gothic changes was taken up, the vault was newly decorated with flower motifs. When the old village church became too small due to the expansion of the town center with some new housing developments, the new parish church of St. Mariä Namen was built from 1967 to 1968 based on a design by the architect Hans Schilling . The Martinushaus has stood opposite the new Catholic Church since 1997. The community St. Martinus belongs to the cath. Church association Kreuz-Köln-Nord to which the parishes St. Cosmas and Damian ( Volkhoven / Weiler ) and St. Elisabeth ( Pesch ) also belong.
Escher lake
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Esch lies in the area of a former arm of the Rhine. Therefore, high quality sand and gravel were found in the area. Several quarry ponds were created as a result of the dismantling.
When Esch was incorporated in 1975 , the city of Cologne committed itself three years later to planning and building a recreation area. In 1986, the Stöckheimer Höfe leisure area was created in which the former quarry ponds of Esch-Auweiler, Pesch and Pulheim are embedded. In 2003 the bathing business was stopped by the KölnBäder GmbH .
Since 2007, the outdoor pool has been operated by a private entrepreneur under the name Sundown Beach . In addition to bathers, the lake is also used by anglers. A circular hiking trail leads around Lake Escher.
Auweiler
The history of Auweiler is closely linked to that of its neighboring village Esch. In 989 Archbishop Everger donated the Fronhof Esch and a larger property to the Groß St. Martin monastery in Cologne. It is believed that farms and lands in Auweiler and other surrounding settlements also belonged to it.
Auweiler was first mentioned in a document in 1312, when it was known as the Ourwiler arable and garden land . In the rich chronicle of 1638 a Hanerhof in Auweiler is mentioned. In the Middle Ages, Auweiler belonged to the Hülchrath office , which in the 18th century was divided into several main courses. At that time Auweiler was subordinate to the main court ( Dingstuhl ) Griesberg; in civil jurisdiction and the sovereignty of the Duchy of Berg . The entire area was dominated by court settlements; the main courtyard of the parish of Esch is believed to be in Auweiler.
After the left bank of the Rhine fell to France, Auweiler and Esch belonged together with 16 other communities to the canton of Dormagen in the Arrondissement of Cologne . After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, when Kurköln passed to Prussia, Esch and Auweiler were administratively separated: Esch went to the mayor's office of Stommeln , Auweiler and the Stöckheimer Höfe to Pulheim .
Before it was incorporated into the city of Cologne in 1975, Auweiler - also Esch and Pesch - belonged to the community of Sinnersdorf since 1964 . Today the place has 1,560 inhabitants in 678 households and is one of the few places in the city of Cologne where there are no traffic lights and no high-rise buildings.
Several larger homesteads and a number of smaller, mostly older houses are grouped around the central open village square, which is said to have been created by filling in former ponds and ponds. The center of this village green, however, is the Pohlhof, which is well-known beyond the borders of Cologne and which now houses a restaurant with a beer garden.
In Auweiler, village traditions are cultivated through clubs, festivals and friendly connections to the neighboring community of Esch.
Demographic statistics
Structure of the population of Cologne-Esch / Auweiler:
- Share of under 18s: 18.0% (2015)
- Proportion of over 64-year-olds: 21.1% (2015)
- Proportion of foreigners: 7.1% (2015)
- Unemployment rate: 4.5% (2014)
traffic
Esch and Auweiler are served by three bus lines operated by the Cologne transport company :
- 125 Weiler - Chorweiler - Longerich - Pesch - Esch - Pulheim-Sinnersdorf
- 126 Bocklemünd - Mengenich - Auweiler - Esch - Weiler - Chorweiler
- 123 (night bus)
Honorary citizen
- Konstantin Eßer, community of Sinnersdorf, locality of Esch, since January 1st, 1964
- Franz Päffgen, community of Sinnersdorf, locality of Esch, since January 1st, 1964
- Heinrich Schauff, community of Sinnersdorf, locality of Auweiler, since January 1, 1964
- Artur Rau, village of Esch
See also
literature
- Esch am Griesberg 989-1989. Festschrift on the occasion of the first mention of Cologne-Esch 1000 years ago. Published by the Catholic parish of St. Martinus Esch and the village community "Greesberger" Esch
- Paul Clemen : Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz , Der Landkreis Köln , Düsseldorf 1897, Reprint Düsseldorf 1983, ISBN 3-590-32118-0 , pp. 117–121
Web links
- Official website of the city of Cologne for the Esch / Auweiler district
- Esch and its courtyards, excerpts from the book Esch am Griesberg
Individual evidence
- ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Inhabitants by type of migration background - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Employed and unemployed part of the city - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de