Eva Margarethe Borchert-Schweinfurth

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Eva Margarethe Borchert-Schweinfurth (born Anna Helene Eva Margarethe Schweinfurth ; born May 8 . Jul / 20th May  1878 greg. In Riga , † 21st January 1964 in Berlin ) was a Baltic German painter and graphic artist.

Life

Her parents were the Riga wholesaler and wine merchant Carl Wilhelm Schweinfurth and his wife Anna, nee. Teichmann. Eva Margarethe, called Mara , grew up as the twelfth child in a wealthy family. Her father was a cousin of the Africa explorer Georg Schweinfurth .

Eva Margarethe Schweinfurth began taking artistic lessons at the age of 11. In 1895 she attended the Elise Jung-Stillingsche art school in her native Riga. The following year she obtained a drawing teacher diploma at the Imperial Art Academy in Saint Petersburg . In 1898 she went to Paris for three years, where she was a student of the painter Raphaël Collin . Around 1901/1902 she trained in Munich with Maximilian Dasio in the field of etching and lithography .

On June 3, 1902, she married the painter and illustrator Bernhard (Christian Carl) Borchert (1863–1945) in Riga. From 1903 she lived in Riga, where in the same year she took over as a professor the head of the portrait class at the municipal art school, which she held until 1913. The Borcherts were friends with the Latvian painter Janis Rozentāls , among others .

In 1906 and 1907 Borchert stayed in Berlin, where she was briefly instructed in portrait painting by Fritz Rhein . She also had contacts with artists such as Max Liebermann , Max Beckmann and Minna Beckmann-Tube . In 1907 she went on a study trip to Paris with her husband, followed by trips to Italy, Sweden and again Berlin. From 1915 to 1917 they lived in Moscow, where Bernhard Borchert taught as a professor at the Riga Polytechnic , which was temporarily evacuated during the First World War . In 1918 they returned to Riga. There she found her studio, in which many of her pictures had been kept, had been robbed.

From 1919 Borchert lived in Berlin, where she worked as a portrait painter. From 1923 she alternately lived in Gollnow . In 1926 she founded a private painting school together with the landscape painter Elise Degner.

Her husband died on the run during World War II. In 1945 he was considered missing and was declared dead in the same year. After the war Eva Margarethe Borchert lived in Kranzegg ( Rettenberg , Allgäu) until 1953 and then again in Berlin, where she died in 1964.

Her son Bernhard (Wilhelm) Borchert (1910–1971) was also a painter and graphic artist. His daughter, the artist Brigitta Borchert (* 1940), gave Eva Margarethe Borchert's autobiography Mara in 2010 . A painter between Riga, Paris, Moscow, Munich and Berlin .

plant

During her training in Paris and Munich, Borchert first tried allegorical studies, sometimes approaching Art Nouveau . She also made fairy tale illustrations. From 1903 to 1907 she concentrated increasingly on portraits, which make up the most important part of her oeuvre. In 1910 Borchert was already recognized as a portrait painter. In addition, she created genre paintings with landscape or figurative themes. She mainly chose a realistic, impressionistic representation with bright colors. She painted in oil , pastel and watercolor , but also drew, created etchings and lithographs. Finally, the importance of color in her portraits diminished, while shape became more important to her in order to emphasize the character of the person portrayed.

From 1901 Borchert's works were shown in solo exhibitions, especially in Riga. She also took part in exhibitions in Mitau , Paris, Berlin, Gollnow and Kiel. In 2010 an exhibition by the artist family Borchert, which spanned four generations, took place in Riga. Works by Bernhard and Eva Margarete Borchert were shown in the Latvian National Art Museum , which also contributed pictures from its collection. Works by their descendants were also exhibited in the House of the Blackheads .

Works (selection)

  • The storm , loneliness , death , the song (allegorical studies)
  • Portraits of Georg Schweinfurth , pastel (formerly in the Colonial Office in Berlin, destroyed in World War II)
  • Portrait of a singer , pastel
  • Portrait of the painter H. Siecke, oil
  • Portrait of the 18 year old daughter of Hermione von Preuschen , pastel
  • The Yellow Hat , 1907, self-portrait
  • Self-portrait, 1908 (life-size with palette), oil painting, destroyed
  • Caroussel de Luxembourg , 1908
  • Portrait of Miss Grasset, ca.1910
  • After the masked ball , before 1911
  • Village school teacher from Pomerania , 1925
  • Portrait of the eldest son Niels, 1926
  • Portrait of Elise Degner, around 1926
  • Portrait of a woman, 1929

literature

  • Schweinfurth, Eva Margarethe (married Borchert) . In: Julius Döring , Wilhelm Neumann (Hrsg.): Lexicon of Baltic artists . Jonck & Poliewsky, Riga 1908, p. 146 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Schweinfurth, Eva Margarethe . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 30 : Scheffel – Siemerding . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1936, p. 376 .
  • Schweinfurth, Eva Margarethe . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 4 : Q-U . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1958, p. 241 .
  • Kristiāna Ābele: Borchert-Schweinfurth, Eva Margarethe . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 12, Saur, Munich a. a. 1995, ISBN 3-598-22752-3 , p. 672.
  • Edward Kļaviņš: The artists Borchert and the first generation of "Ruk community is." In: Brigitte Hartel, Bernfried Lichtnau (ed.): Painting, graphics, photography from 1900 to 1920 . P. Lang, Frankfurt am Main / Berlin / Bern / New York / Paris / Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-631-48859-9 , pp. 78-86 .
  • Günter Krüger: The German-Baltic artist family Borchert . In: Lars Olof Larsson (Ed.): Studies on Art History in Estonia and Latvia (=  Homburg Talk . Issue 16). Martin-Carl-Adolf-Böckler-Foundation, Kiel 1998, OCLC 886801205 , p. 65-76 .
  • Eva-Margarete Borchert, Brigitta Borchert (ed.): Mara: a painter between Riga, Paris, Moscow, Munich and Berlin. Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 2010, ISBN 978-3-89876-505-3 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Kristiāna Ābele: Makslinieces portrets jauniba: Eva Margarete Borherte-Sveinfurte Rigas makslas dzive 20th gs. sakuma. In: Materiali Latvijas makslas vesturei. 2004, Volume 4, pp. 105-121 ( abstract English).
  2. ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Borchert, Eva Margarethe. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital .
  3. ↑ a b c d Kristiāna Ābele: Borchert-Schweinfurth, Eva Margarethe . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 12, Saur, Munich a. a. 1995, ISBN 3-598-22752-3 , p. 672.
  4. ↑ a b Borchert-Schweinfurth, Eva Margarethe. In: Kuno Hagen, Margarete Hagen: Lexicon of Baltic German visual artists: 20th century. Cologne 1983.
  5. ↑ Borchert, Eva-Margarete: Mara. Publishing group Husum . Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  6. ↑ Borherti: starp realitāti un fantāziju pasauli. lnmm.lv. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  7. ↑ Schweinfurth, Eva Margarethe . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 4 : Q-U . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1958, p. 241 .
personal data
SURNAME Borchert-Schweinfurth, Eva Margarethe
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schweinfurth, Anna Helene Eva Margarethe (birth name); Borchert, Mara; Borchert, Eva-Margarete
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Baltic painter and graphic artist
DATE OF BIRTH May 20, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Riga
DATE OF DEATH January 21, 1964
Place of death Berlin