Princess Hedwig School

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Princess Elisabeth Lyceum

The Fürstin-Hedwig-Schule was a high school in Neustettin in the province of Pomerania .

history

After the introduction of the Reformation in the Duchy of Pomerania , a municipal school was founded in Neustettin. Around 1625 the mayor and city council asked the Pomeranian duke for financial support for the expansion of the city school by employing a teacher to “introduce higher lessons”.

Princess Hedwig von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , the widow of Duke Ulrich von Pomerania , lived at her widow's seat in Neustettin from 1623. In 1640 she founded a Protestant Latin school by setting up two higher education positions. According to their will, the school should not only be open to the local population, but also to the youth in the neighboring areas under Polish sovereignty as a higher educational institution. In the Starostei Draheim , southwest of Neustettin, the Protestant clergy were expelled from the country in 1625 in the course of the Polish Counter-Reformation and the Protestant churches and schools were closed.

The princess appointed Master Christian Nasse from Neustettin to be rector, who was professor at the Collegium Groeningianum in Stargard from 1633 to 1635 . Petrus Ernesti from Kronstadt in Transylvania became vice-rector . An “Inspector collegii et scholae restauratae” was assigned to the apprenticeships and was supposed to give six hours of lessons per week. This function was assigned to the respective Praepositus von Neustettin, at that time Gregor Lagus . In addition, the princess appointed a legally trained curator to be responsible for appointing and paying the teaching staff as well as conducting the examinations. The first curator was District Administrator Otto Rüdiger von Glasenapp .

When the princess died in 1650, her will, written in 1645, and a court rescript from Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg ensured the school's continued existence. Princess Hedwig had decreed that if the foundation was destroyed or used “in prophane use”, the funds would be transferred to the ducal government of Braunschweig to improve the salaries of professors at the University of Helmstedt . These regulations prevented later plans to move the grammar school to Kolberg , Köslin or Stettin . Rather, a new school followed.

Prussia

Kaulfuss memorial in front of the school

After the Seven Years' War, the school flourished again and in 1772 was named "Princely Hedwigsches Gymnasium". The royal Prussian cabinet minister, Count Ewald von Hertzberg, supported the school personally and financially. He induced Frederick the Great to make substantial donations for a new school building and the teaching staff.

In 1790 the grammar school was granted the right to be admitted to university. The first Abitur was taken in 1792 from a good 120 students. In 1798, the Crown of Prussia gave the school the name Königliches Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium . In 1813, the secondary and the prima disbanded because all of the students went to the wars of liberation . In 1821 Friedrich Wilhelm III. a cabinet order that finally refused to move the school and confirmed its financial security. When the director Johann Samuel Kaulfuß died in 1832, the school had over 200 students.

In 1913 the new building was opened on Streitzigsee. During the First World War , the grammar school lost many teachers and students.

Girls and leaders

After a secondary school branch had been established in 1926, the school was called Staatliches Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium and Realgymnasium zu Neustettin from 1930 . In 1933 the leader principle was introduced and the old student associations dissolved. They were founded between 1858 and 1895: Gedankenspäne (literature and theater), Hedwigia (singing and instrumental music) and Concordia (gymnastics and rowing).

When the last senior principal was appointed in 1937 , the school had 20 teachers and around 250 students, a third of whom were girls. Converted to the state high school for boys in 1938 , it lost five teachers and many students again in World War II . At the end of 1944 the school was closed. The battle for East Pomerania , the occupation of Neustettin by the Red Army in February 1945 and the flight and expulsion of the residents of Neustettin ended the 300-year history of the school.

Afterlife

Signs of the Fürstin-Elisabeth-Lyceum

In 1959, former students in the Federal Republic of Germany founded a Fürstin-Hedwig student association . At times this had up to 700 members. In 2013 there were still 150 members. At the end of September 2014 the association dissolved.

In the building of the Fürstin-Hedwig-Schule there is now the Polish Fürstin-Elisabeth-Lyceum, named after Elisabeth of Poland . In 2013, the Fürstin-Hedwig student association placed a memorial stone with the German and Polish inscription "In Memoriam Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium 1640–1945" in front of the building .

Directors

student

  • Otto Autrum (1877–1944), President of the Imperial Post Office in Königsberg

literature

  • Fürstlich-Hedwigsches Gymnasium Neustettin (ed.): Annual report on the Fürstlich-Hedwigsches Gymnasium in Neu-Stettin . New Stettin 1834–1844 ( digitized version )
  • Fürstlich-Hedwigsches Gymnasium Neustettin (ed.): Program of the Royal Fürstlich-Hedwigschen Gymnasium in Neustettin . Neustettin 1845–1890 ( urn: nbn: de: hbz: 061: 1-308279 digitized )
  • Theodor Beyer: History of the Royal High School in Neustettin during the years 1640–1890. (Festschrift to celebrate the 250th anniversary of the Royal Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium in Neustettin) . Hertzberg, Neustettin 1890 ( digitized version )
  • Königliches Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium Neustettin (ed.): Program of the Königliches Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium in Neustettin . Neustettin 1891–1895 ( digitized version )
  • Königliches Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium Neustettin (ed.): Annual report of the Königliches Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium in Neustettin . Neustettin 1896–1905 ( digitized version )
  • Royal Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium with alternative lessons for Greek in classes U III - U II, Neustettin (ed.): Report on the school year . Neustettin 1906 ( digitized version )
  • Royal Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium with realistic substitute lessons for Greek in classes U III - U II Neustettin (ed.): Report on the school year . Neustettin 1907–1915 ( digitized version )
  • Franz Reclam: The high school graduates of the Royal Fürstin-Hedwig-Gymnasium from 1793-1906. On the basis of the preliminary work by Professor Reclam , ed. by Theodor Beyer. Hertzberg, Neustettin 1907 ( digitized version )
  • Hugo Gotthard Bloth :  Duchess Hedwig of Pomerania and the preacher Gregor Lagus. Comments on the foundation of the Neustettiner Gymnasium in the age of the Counter Reformation in 1640 . In: Society for Pomeranian History and Archeology (Hrsg): Baltic studies . New series, Vol. 67, NG Elwert, Marburg 1981, pp. 26-46 ( digitized version ).
  • Karlhans Sonnenburg: The Fürstin-Hedwig-Schule zu Neustettin 1890–1945. The last decades of a 300 year old high school in East Pomerania . Orzekowsky, Bonn 1987, ISBN 3-89231-009-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Neustettin home district
  2. ↑ a b Memorial stone at the Streitzigsee in Neustettin. Remembrance of over 300 years of German school history . In: The Pommersche Zeitung . No. 2/2014, p. 9.
  3. ^ Far from the flag of nationalistic narrow-mindedness. The “Fürstin-Hedwig-Schüler” association dissolves after 55 years . The reporter, September 27, 2014.
  4. ↑ memorial stone