Johann Samuel Kaulfuss

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Johann Samuel Kaulfuß (born February 17, 1780 in Bojanowo , Kingdom of Poland , † September 25, 1832 in Neustettin , Province of Pomerania ) was a German classical philologist , high school teacher and literary historian.

Life

Kaulfuss came from a German family that had received the Polish indigenous population . He completed his studies in philosophy at the Friedrichs University in Halle in 1803 with a doctorate .

In 1804 he came to the Royal High School in Poznan as a teacher of philosophy and history . He opposed the degradation of the Poles and praised the richness, lexical and grammatical plasticity, energy, euphony and musical quality of the Polish language . Because of this work on the spirit of the Polish language (1804) he was accepted into the Royal Society of Friends of Science and the Literary Society of the University of Cracow . In 1806, the year of the Battle of Jena and Auerstedt , Kaulfuß proposed a "national education for our state" to the educational committee in the Duchy of Warsaw . Stanisław Staszic was impressed.

In 1815 he became a high school professor and principal at the Royal High School in Poznan . To push back the French language , he promoted the German language in a public speech in 1816 . It is better suited for the "formation of the mind and the heart" than any other language. This led to a heated language dispute in Poznan .

In 1822 he accepted the philologist Julius Maximilian Schottky (1794-1849) with great benevolence at his school. Notwithstanding this, Schottky Kaulfuss's tolerance of enthusiasm for Poland went too far. He denounced him to the President Joseph von Zerboni di Sposetti . Its sworn opponents Heinrich von Bülow , Friedrich von Schuckmann and Wilhelm zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein took Friedrich Wilhelm IV against Kaulfuss. On March 15, 1824, he was relieved of his post in Posen and transferred as director to the then less important Fürstin-Hedwig-Schule in Neustettin . Altenstein remained connected to him throughout his life. In seven years, Kaulfuss brought the run-down school to an unimaginable bloom. When he died at the age of 52, he was solemnly buried by students and colleagues in the cemetery between St. Nikolai Church and Princess Hedwig School. He left the sons Felicyan and Roman . The pedestal was moved to the south side of the school not far from the Streitzigsee in 1868. The German inscription reads:

HERE REST IN GOD JOHANN SAMUEL KAULFUSS, BORN February 17th, 1780, DIED September 25th, 1832. HIS GOOD PASSED OTHERS.

meaning

Kaulfuß reissued Georg Gustav Fülleborn's Encyclopaedia philologica .

In dealing with minorities and their languages, Kaulfuß, like his employer Karl vom Stein zum Altenstein, stood for the sovereign tolerance of the Crown of Prussia . He rejected the exaggeration of vernacular languages - including German. German was to serve as the lingua franca in East Central Europe and as the official language in the province of Poznan . In his opinion, the school should not lead to “reasoning” and immature “discussing”, but rather to diligence and modesty, respect, respect and obedience.

“The exercise in the difficult task of subordinating one's will calmly and with renunciation to a higher will is (in contrast to the false“ greenhouse pedagogy ”) the basis of human greatness in religion, morality and life. The greatest men emerged from this school. "

- Johann Samuel Kaulfuss

Honors

Kaulfuss monument in Szczecinek
  • Consistorial Council (Poznan)
  • Monument in front of the Fürstin-Hedwig-Schule in Neustettin

Fonts

  • Judicium criticum de HEG Paulo, professore Jenensi, commenatatio philologica in Novum Testamentum. Halle (Saale) 1803.
  • About the spirit of the Polish language. An introduction to Polish literary history for Germans. Hall 1804. Reprinted by Nabu Press 2012, ISBN 978-1-286-07802-0 ( GoogleBooks ).
  • Poland's downfall. A characteristic painting of this aristocratic nation. Kolonia 1808-1809.
  • Why is the German language and literature preferable to the French language as a means of further training? Poznan 1819 ( GoogleBooks ).
  • Education for the state. Attempt of a plan to establish the educational system in the Prussian state. Poznan 1817 ( GoogleBooks ).
  • Brief description of the entire facility of the Royal High School in Poznan. An introductory letter to the public examination. Poznan 1817.
  • Dissertatio de studiis Graecarum et Romanarum litterarum in scholis acrius et rectius exercendis. Sulechów 1819; Poznan 1819.
  • Cur lingua Graeca juventuti Polonicae inprimis addiscenda est? Ad solemne examen in Gymnasio Regio Posnaniensi omnes litterarum cultores invitat. Poznan 1821
  • Monarchy and school. Poznan 1822.
  • De pucaliaribus aevi nostri vitiis, eorumque remediis. Koslin 1826.
  • How must ancient literature be taught if it is to earn a place among high school subjects? Köslin 1826 ( GoogleBooks ).
  • The Lord's Religion in High Schools. In: Jenaische Allgemeine Literaturzeitung (UrMEL), Köslin 1830 ( digitalesthueringen.de ).
  • Brief message about the current state of the Royal High School in New Stettin. Koslin 1830.
  • About my method of teaching the ancient literature. Koslin 1830.
  • De authoribus veteris ad usum gymnasiorum edendis. Koslin 1831.

literature

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ guderian.org
  2. ^ German-Polish relations in the past and present. Bibliography. Volume 2, 2000, No. 34778 ( books.google.de ).
  3. ↑ a b Intertextuality in Italian Early Romanticism (1994) p. 124 note 47. ( books.google.de ).
  4. ↑ Bloth, p. 51.
  5. ↑ Why is the German language and literature preferable to the French as a means of further training? (1816)
  6. ^ University of Trier
  7. ↑ a b c Bloth, p. 58.
  8. ↑ Bloth, p. 55.
  9. ↑ a b Bloth, p. 57.
  10. ^ Letters and texts from intellectual Berlin around 1800
  11. ↑ Bloth, p. 56.
  12. ↑ Bloth, p. 53.
personal data
SURNAME Kaulfuss, Johann Samuel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kaulfuss, Jan Samuel; Kaulfuss, Johann Samuel Philipp (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Polish classical philologist and literary historian
DATE OF BIRTH February 17, 1780
PLACE OF BIRTH Bojanowo , Kingdom of Poland
DATE OF DEATH September 5, 1832
Place of death Neustettin , Pomerania Province