St. Maria Magdalena High School (Poznan)

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School building of the Maria-Magdalena-Gymnasium

The St. Maria Magdalena grammar school (in Polish: Liceum Ogólnokształcące św. Marii Magdaleny w Poznaniu ; in Prussian times usually called the Mariengymnasium ) is a traditional high school in Poznan . Today it has the status of a general education lyceum (liceum ogólnokształcące) .

history

The former Jesuit school (today's ballet school) was the seat of the Mariengymnasium until 1858

The Maria Magdalena High School follows the tradition of the Lubrański Academy, founded in the 16th century, and the Poznan Jesuit College . The Jesuit high school founded in 1573 already bore the name ad sanctam Mariam Magdalenam . The Lubrański Academy and the Jesuit College were merged into the Voivodeship School (Wojewódzka Szkoła Wydziałowa) after the Jesuit Order was abolished in 1773 by the Komisja Edukacji Narodowej . With the second Polish partition in 1793, Posen was annexed by Prussia . This founded a royal high school in 1804 . But as early as 1806/07 this dissolved again as a result of the Prussian defeat in the Fourth Coalition War . From 1809 to 1815 it was replaced by a “departmental school” of the Napoleonic satellite state Duchy of Warsaw . After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, which brought Posen back to Prussia, the Royal High School was rebuilt.

The District President Eduard von Flottwell abolished the grammar school in 1834 as part of his Germanization policy in order to replace it with two separate higher schools: The Königliche Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium , which was mainly attended by German-speaking Protestants and Jews, and the Königliche Marien-Gymnasium , in which the Polish-speaking Catholics remained almost to themselves in the following period. Initially, Polish was the general language of instruction at the Mariengymnasium. Through the instruction of the Prussian Minister of Education, Friedrich Eichhorn , this was limited to the lower and middle grades in 1842, while High German was set as the "main language of instruction" from secondary school (11th grade). Only religious instruction was generally allowed to take place in the respective mother tongue, which meant Polish for almost all students at the Mariengymnasium. The teachers at the Mariengymnasium were initially paid less than those at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium. The Poznan estates protested against this , so that in 1846 equality took place.

The municipal secondary school in Poznan also developed from the Mariengymnasium: from 1849, separate secondary classes were initially set up at the grammar school, and in 1853 the secondary school was spun off into a separate building. In 1858 the Mariengymnasium itself moved to a new building on Bernhardinerplatz (today Plac Bernardyński ). The 1857 launched Poznań Society of Friends of Sciences (Poznań Society of Friends of Learning) consisted largely of graduates of Marie High School. In 1862 a Polish national secret society called Kościuszko was uncovered, and the students involved were brought to justice and punished. At the New Year of 1865 the grammar school had 656 students, whose classes were held in Polish in the three lower levels, partly in German (20 hours per week) and partly in Polish in the upper levels. A special feature of the Mariengymnasium was the offer of optional Lithuanian and Russian lessons.

After Poznan ceded to the newly founded Second Polish Republic as a result of the Treaty of Versailles , the school became a Polish lyceum and was again given the name of St. Mary Magdalene.

Teacher

Hipolit Cegielski, teacher at the Mariengymnasium (1840–1846)

student

Royal high school

Robert Remak, graduated from high school in 1833

Mariengymnasium

Archbishop Florian Stablewski
Jan Kasprowicz

Liceum św. Marii Magdaleny

Henryk Zygalski

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Program of the Royal Marien-Gymnasium in Poznan for the school year 1872/3. P. 11.
  2. ^ Program of the Royal Marien-Gymnasium in Poznan for the school year 1872/3. P. 14.
  3. ↑ Helmut Glück, Konrad Schröder: Learning German in the Polish Countries from the 15th Century to 1918. Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 2007, p. XXII.
  4. ^ Gotthold Rhode: History of the City of Posen. Freimund-Verlag, 1953, p. 111.
  5. ^ Ferdinande Knabe: Linguistic minorities and national schools in Prussia between 1871 and 1933. Waxmann Verlag, Münster 2000, p. 133.
  6. ↑ JP Jordan (Ed.): Yearbooks for Slavic Literature, Art and Science. Fourth year, 1846, Slawische Buchhandlung, Leipzig, p. 33.
  7. ^ Program of the Royal Marien-Gymnasium in Poznan for the school year 1872/3. P. 24.
  8. ^ Emil Oehlschlaeger: Posen. Brief history and description of the city of Poznan. Louis Merzbach, Posen 1866, p. 132.
  9. ^ Ferdinande Knabe: Linguistic minorities and national schools in Prussia between 1871 and 1933. Waxmann Verlag, Münster 2000, p. 137.