Julius Maximilian Schottky

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Julius Maximilian Schottky , also Julius Max Schottky (born April 13, 1797 in Kupp , Province of Silesia , Kingdom of Prussia ; † April 9, 1849 in Trier , Rhine Province ), was a German writer and folklorist . He became famous for his collection of Austrian folk songs , which he published together with Franz Tschischka . He also wrote on historical and art-historical topics, wrote two biographies , published travel descriptions and worked as an editor at the end of his life .

Life

Schottky went to school in Brieg and then studied law at the University of Breslau , but also attended philological and folklore lectures. In 1816 he moved to Vienna , where from 1817 he copied old manuscripts in the archives with a grant from the Prussian Ministry of Education. He also collected Austrian folk songs , which he published in 1819 together with Franz Tschischka . The book also contained an appendix on the Lower Austrian dialect, which, together with an article published in 1818, was one of the first descriptions of Austrian dialects. Schottky continued to collect after publication, but these songs are largely considered lost today.

In 1822 Schottky settled in the Prussian town of Posen (now Poland) and took up a position as a German teacher at the Royal High School there in 1824 . Not long afterwards, however, his ways led him to Breslau , Dresden , Leipzig and Weimar . From 1828 to 1831 he lived in Prague , where he carried out studies on medieval and early modern Bohemia . He then moved to Munich to devote himself to art history. In 1834 he visited Innsbruck , Bozen and the Alps and then traveled to Paris and Zurich .

In 1848 he worked as an editor for the Rheinische Volkshalle magazine in Cologne and was appointed director of the Trier Volkszeitung in Trier the following year . A little later he succumbed to the consequences of a stroke.

Schottky was friends with numerous personalities, but was considered an original, a “burlesque personality” and, according to contemporaries, was constantly in debt.

Act

Schottky had a lasting effect with his collection of Austrian folk songs, which Leopold Schmidt described as the “crown jewel of our folk song collection” in 1967 . She was able to motivate several contemporary writers and musicians, including Ludwig van Beethoven , Ignaz Franz Castelli , Anton Diabelli and Johann Gabriel Seidl , to also turn to oral tradition. Schottky also wrote the first biography of the Italian violinist and composer Niccolò Paganini , and in his publication on Wallenstein he tried to free his personality from literary poems.

Furthermore, Schottky's early representations of the Austrian dialects are of interest in the history of science. They contributed to the fact that dialect was gradually no longer viewed as just “rotten written German”, but was recognized as independent, self-rooted varieties. His travel descriptions are also among the earliest “modern” descriptions of Alpine cultures. An example of this is his essay Das Thal von Rimella and its German Inhabitants (1836), where he gave the very first description of this Walser settlement , which was founded in the High Middle Ages and its archaic Alemannic dialect, in the Piedmontese Alps . At the same time, however, it also becomes clear where Schottky's limits lay: Just a few years later, Albert Schott from Württemberg, with his book The German Colonies in Piemont (1842), and Josef von Bergmann from Vorarlberg, with his investigations into the Freyen Valais or Walsers in Graubünden and Vorarlberg (1844) laid the foundations of modern Walser research, which clearly stood out from Schottky's enthusiastic, but also more imaginative and sometimes simply false presentation.

Publications (selection)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c E. Lebensaft, M. Martischnig:  Schottky, Julius Max (imilian) (1797–1849), writer and folklorist. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 11, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-7001-2803-7 , p. 153 f. (Direct links on p. 153 , p. 154 ).
  2. ↑ Constantin von Wurzbach : Schottky, Julius Maximilian . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 31st part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1876, pp. 251–253 ( digitized version ).
  3. ↑ Julius Maximilian Schottky: The valley of Rimella and its German inhabitants. In: The Abroad - A daily newspaper for customers of the intellectual and moral life of the peoples, April 1st and 2nd, 1836 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ). Again under the title Come un visitatore tedesco nell'anno 1834 descriveva la valle di Rimella in Italian and in German in: Remmalju 1998, pp. 10-15.
  4. ^ Albert Schott: The German colonies in Piedmont. Your country, your dialect and your origin. A contribution to the history of the Alps. Cotta, Stuttgart / Tübingen 1842, where on p. 256 ( digitized in the Google book search) Schottky is dealt with: “The author [Schottky] was primarily concerned with strange expressions and thereby delivered some valuable things, but his records are sometimes like that misunderstood that I was barely or not at all able to decipher it ”; some examples follow. For the language and folk culture of Rimella, see today Marco Bauen: Mixed language expression in Rimella (Valsesia, Piemont) (= language and poetry. 28). Haupt, Bern / Stuttgart 1978.
personal data
SURNAME Schottky, Julius Maximilian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schottky, Julius Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer and folklorist
DATE OF BIRTH April 13, 1797
PLACE OF BIRTH Kupp , Province of Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia
DATE OF DEATH April 9, 1849
Place of death Trier , Rhine Province