Glasenapp (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Glasenapp

Glasenapp is the name of an old noble family from Pomerania with branches in Germany , Latvia , Estonia , Russia , the USA , Brazil and Paraguay .

history

The family was first mentioned with Willekinus dictus Glasenap and his sons Bertoldus and Ludbertus on April 5, 1287, as the previous owner of half of the Feldmark and the village of Necknin near Kolberg in a document from Bishop Hermann von Cammin . In the 13th and 14th centuries their land ownership was rather small. It was not until the 15th century that her possessions and assets increased, and in the 16th century she was one of the wealthiest families in Western Pomerania , the "castle-sitting" , as the name for a group of privileged tenant owners in Brandenburg and Pomerania was.

The Neustettin district in the 18th century. Gramenz is north of Bärwalde

Everything between Bärwalde and Gramenz was owned by Glasenapp. Bärwalde, co-founded by the Glasenapp in the Middle Ages, was in the changing ownership of various Pomeranian aristocratic families, such as the four genders , the Glasenapp, Münchow , Wolde and Zastrow , who jointly owned the land of Bärwalde and the Pileburg Heath from 1523. The Bärwalder Castle belonged to the Glasenapp until the 18th century.

The family's territory extended from the old Polish- Pomeranian border between Tempelburg and Landeck to the area of Köslin and Schlawe . In earlier times a fertile strip along the coast near Kolberg belonged to it. Gramenz was the main town of the Glasenapp district and seat of the Glasenapp court. They had the right to coin and all sorts of sovereign prerogatives . The headquarters were in Bärwalde, Gramenz, Altenwalde, Kopritten, Balfanz , Wurchow , Bublitz , Pollnow and Manow. The district of Neustettin , which already existed at that time , was merged with the Glasenapp district in 1725. As a result of the war with France , numerous domains in Prussia had to be sold in 1811; this also affected part of the von Glasenapp family's possessions. By the beginning of the 20th century, all Glasenapp's properties in Western Pomerania had been sold.

The first Glasenapp to appear in Livonia was Tönnies Glasenap , who was named by Archbishop Wilhelm on January 1, 1545, "our main man to Marienhausen and dearly berewer" , and on August 20, 1552 and February 8, 1554 with lands in the Kreuzburg area was enfeoffed. You temporarily owned the Krüdnersdorf, Salishof, Bentenhof, Loewenküll, Koik and Perrist estates in Estonia , and the Ruthern, Senershof and stairs courtyard in Latvia. After the revolution in Russia of 1917/18 , the peace treaty of Brest-Litovsk and the peace treaties between the USSR and the new republics of Estonia and Latvia, the goods Rogosinsky (since 1744), Lutznik (separated from Rogosinsky in 1860), Alexanderhof (since 1901 ) and Somel confiscated.

Another branch exists in Russia, from which quite a few served as career officers and attained the rank of general or admiral. The Russian transliteration of the name is Глазенап .

There is also a Silesian line that begins with Franz Carl von Glasenapp († 1817 on Gut Kraskau, Kr. Rosenberg , Upper Silesia ).

A family association was founded on November 26, 1898 and entered in the register of associations of the Berlin-Charlottenburg District Court on December 20, 1905 . The family association still exists today. A family foundation has also existed since October 29, 1905 (not to be confused with the Glasenapp foundation of Helmuth von Glasenapp ).

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the von Glasenapp

The family coat of arms shows in silver a red rafter (1315) reaching to the upper edge of the shield , later (1409) an upward- looking Moor's head appears on the left thigh . The original coat of arms was a rafter, which was accompanied by a glass bowl on later older seals . Due to the indistinctness of the drawing, the Mohrenkopf is said to have emerged. On the helmet with red and silver covers a red rafter with a black head as in the shield, on each thigh three natural peacock feathers, on the tip with three ostrich feathers, of which the right one is black, the middle red and the left silver.

Known family members

Trivia

A place in Pomerania named after the gender bears the name Godzisław today and belongs to the municipality of Grzmiąca ( Gramenz ) .

Heinrich von Puttkamer (1789–1871) and Luitgarde Agnese von Glasenapp (1799–1863) were the parents of Johanna von Puttkamer , the wife of Otto von Bismarck .

Stefan Heym's novel Hostages is called Der Fall Glasenapp in the German translation .

The clerk in Gerhart Hauptmann's play The Beaver Fur is called Glasenapp.

In the 1985 TV production of Sachsens Glanz und Prussens Gloria : Countess Cosel on GDR television, Elke Brosch plays a "Madame Glasenapp".

A Pomeranian saying from the 16th century that refers to the Borcken , Glasenapp and Wedeln families reads: “De Borcken moth (courage), De Glasenappen goth (wealth), De Wedeln treads (behavior), We dat het, de wol kümt mit (whoever has that, he'll come along) ”.

After Richard Wagner biographer Carl Friedrich Glasenapp in is Bayreuth the Glasenappweg , after the eponymous Indian studies and religious studies in Tübingen the Helmuth von Glasenapp Street was named. In Dülken , a district of Viersen on the Lower Rhine , there is the Glasenappweg and the Glasenap Carnival Guard . In the not far away Dutch town of Tegelen , a district of Venlo , there is the Glazenapstraat , the monument Glazenapplein , the historic Guard Frei-Hussaren von Glasenapp (a historic guard) and the fish pond de Glazenap .

In the description of a regional custom in Dülken and Kempen in the Rhenish dictionary from around 1874, a group of bachelors went howling with the “Glasenapp” from north to east on the Friday afternoon of the fair week to the market to dig the grave for “Brother Bacchus “To manufacture. The Castellchen near Dülken belonging to Dalershof is said to have been inhabited by Joachim Reinhold von Glasenapp with twelve ragged mercenaries. From that time on, the Dülken people called all vagabonds Glasenapp . Later the noble residents and their seat in the old parish church were given the nickname Glasenäpper .

The "maiden grave" of Margarete Christine von Glasenapps from Bad Düben , who was raped and murdered by Swedish mercenaries in 1637 during the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War, is located near Bad Schmiedeberg . The grave plaque reads: “Where mermaids and elves listen, where pine trees rustle, I found my early grave. Stand, hiker, still and pray, Margarete Christine von Glasenapp rests here ”.

If one wanted to describe a housewife in Berlin at the time of Friedrich Wilhelm I as thrifty, one literally said that she had the (savings) "stocking of Frau Generalin von Glasenapp", because she had a correspondingly "powerful leg due to her stoutness a stocking full of ducats represented a considerable amount ".

literature

Web links

Commons : Glasenapp  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pomeranian document book . Vol III, p. 7, No. 1418.
  2. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann , Ed .: Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 711-716 .
  3. ↑ www.uboat.net Alfred von Glasenapp (Engl.)
  4. ^ Photo of the grave of Magarete von Glasenapp. Retrieved July 8, 2017 .
  5. ↑ Adolph Streckfuß "Berlin from fishing village to cosmopolitan city" Volume 5