Białowąs

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Białowąs
Białowąs does not have a coat of arms
Białowąs (Poland)
Białowąs
Białowąs
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : West Pomerania
Powiat : Szczecinek
Gmina : Barwice
Geographic location : 53 ° 49 '  N , 16 ° 17'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 49 '0 "  N , 16 ° 17' 0"  E
Height : 78 m npm
Residents : 377
Telephone code : (+48) 94
License plate : ZSZ
Economy and Transport
Next international airport : Szczecin-Goleniów



Białowąs ( German  Balfanz ) is a village in Poland in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship . The place with 377 inhabitants is part of the urban and rural municipality Barwice .

Geographical location

Neustettin district, map (detail) from 1794

There is a manor and a church in the village of Białowąs. The place (altitude 78 m) is located at the intersection of four converging roads and borders the Jungfernheide landscape, with the centrally located Jungfernhof and a highest elevation of 159 m. The neighboring towns are within a 3 to 5 km radius:

  • Borzecino ( Borntin ) - with a watermill on the Mühl brook
  • Krosino ( Groß Krössin ) - with church, watermill, lock
  • Kłodzino ( Klotzen ) / manor district - with church, manor
  • Sulikowo ( Zülkenhagen ) - with church, estate, factory, windmill.

The river Persante (Polish: Parsęta) runs through the lock forest between the towns of Białowąs and Krosino . A bridge crosses the river in front of the town of Krosino, and the lock is located downstream. The streets connecting the towns are classified as "IA Streets" according to the map. H. Roads with a width of 5.5 m, good substructure and accessible for trucks in all seasons.

history

The place Balfanz emerged from one of the main castles from earlier times. The former defense situations can still be recognized.

The village is first mentioned in the 12th century in connection with the excursions of Boleslaw Schiefmund to Pomerania to subjugate Belgard and Kolberg .

Balfanz was owned by the von Glasenapp family for over two centuries . After its economic decline around 1830, it came into changing hands, most recently to the Counts of Rittberg .

Mansion
Baroque church
Church bell and Białowąs Castle Park in the background
Location Białowąs

From Glasenapp to Balfanz

Balfanz was one of the headquarters of the Glasenapps , along with Altenwalde (Liszkowo), Kopritten (Koprzywno), Bärwalde (Barwice), Gramenz ( Grzmiąca ), Wurchow ( Wierzchowo ), Bublitz ( Bobolice ), Pollnow ( Polanów ) and Manow.

“The old Glasenapp wandered around like nomads on their many estates and lived here and there, mostly in primitive, thatched-roof houses, in which there was little furniture, but nevertheless they introduced more or less in terms of food, drink, clothing and servants less opulent life ”, wrote Udo von Alvensleben (art historian) , son of a born Glasenapp. They owned their own coins and had all kinds of sovereign prerogatives (prerogatives of the monarch).

Caspar Otto von Glasenapp (* 1613; † 1665) was the ducal district administrator on Balfanz. His Otto Casimir von Glasenapp (born June 3, 1642 in Balfanz, † May 11, 1710 in Balfanz) changed the old town of Balfanz into a small baroque residence at the end of the 17th century. This included the church he built and the manor house in a 6.5 hectare park with old trees. In the early 19th century, the mansion was built in neo-Gothic style with a rectangular floor plan with two rectangular wings. Later the terrace of the manor house on the lake side was built over with a veranda. The mansion survived the Second World War undamaged. In front of the mansion there is a large, square-shaped pond lined with avenues, which is still preserved today. From here you have a wide view of the Pesante valley.

The baroque church, built in 1689, is a half-timbered building and stands on an artificial hill. Inside it is lavishly decorated with baroque furnishings and a splendidly carved altar as well as an organ. It is one of the most beautiful and best preserved churches of the Glasenapp family. In the church's crypt there are about 20 carved wooden coffins with the embalmed dead of the Glasenapps. Otto Casimir von Glasenapp, who died in 1710, also lies here. The coffins in the family crypt of the Counts von Glasenapp were looted by Soviet soldiers during World War II. Skulls and bones were distributed on the floor of the crypt. Everyone involved in the looting died within a few months. Experts suspect a mold as the cause.

In the line of succession from Otto Casimir von Glasenapp, his son, Paul Wedig von Glasenapp (born June 11, 1701, † December 14, 1776 in Balfanz), his son Joachim Casimir von Glasenapp (born July 6, 1731 in Balfanz) lived on the Balfanz estate ; † December 27, 1780 in Balfanz) and his sons Georg Wedig (born April 28, 1769 in Balfanz; † December 18, 1810 in Balfanz) and Heinrich Friedrich von Glasenapp (born June 20, 1770 in Balfanz; † August 11, 1810 in grief).

In an inheritance division in 1794, Georg received Gut Balfanz, while Heinrich got Gut Gramenz. When Georg died in 1810 without a physical heir, Heinrich's underage children inherit the huge, indebted property complex:

Balfanz with Kasimirshof, Grünwald with Altmühl, Alt- and Neuhütten, Steinburg, Zechendorf and Zülkenhagen.

Gramenz with a, b, c, Schofhütten, Bernsdorf, Flackenheide and Zuch.

At the time, Balfanz was "849 acres of fields, 120 acres of mostly two-cut meadows, 11 acres of gardens, 20 acres of leash and 2579 acres of herding along with an important stallion run".

Due to romantic improvements to the goods, the possession of the Glasenapps became so indebted that the goods had to be sold in the end.

Changing owners of Balfanz

In 1836 Mr. v. Düringshofen (Diringshofen), hereditary lord on Pinnow and landscape director of the Uckermark as the owner of Balfanz.

In 1845 Balfanz is owned by Wilhelm Steffenhagen (1815–1865) married to Auguste v. Zitzewitz.

In 1850, Louis von Lüttwitz , an Imperial Austrian sub-lieutenant, owned Balfanz.

In 1858 Albert Haase , a merchant in Stettin, bought the Balfanz estate. At the beginning of the 1870s, his son Richard Waldemar Haase (born June 27, 1836 in Stettin, † June 27, 1884 in Balfanz) is the owner of Balfanz. In 1874 he was named as the deputy head of the office in Zülkenhagen. He built the mansion in the neo-Gothic style, as it still exists today. After his death, the property passed into the possession of the Rittberg family.

From Rittberg to Balfanz

In 1884, Gut Balfanz became the property of the Graf von Rittberg family , the district administrator and member of the Reichstag, Oswald Graf von Rittberg (* 1832 in Stangenberg; † 1908 in Balfanz), his son Friedrich-Wilhelm Graf von Rittberg (* 1875 in Ueckermünde ; † 10 April 1944 in Balfanz), married to Monika von Moltke (* July 16, 1886 in Gut Bankau, Kreuzburg, Upper Silesia; † December 22, 1975) and his son Karl Heinrich Graf von Rittberg (* January 22, 1914 in Balfanz ; † April 12, 1945, executed by the Gestapo).

In the 1930s Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Rittberg ran a modern farm on the 1147 hectare manor Balfanz by irrigating the fields with artificial irrigation. The estate was also known for its merino sheep breeding .

In 1945 the estate became the property of the Polish state and was used, among other things, as a training center. Today it is privately owned.

Parish data

Population development (until 1905 differentiation of the number of inhabitants in manor district / rural community Balfanz):

year Residents Male Female households
1867 296/132
1871 286/114 135/45 151/69 22nd
1900 172/45
1905 181/49
1925 471 226 245 93
2006 400

According to the Pomeranian list of goods from 1905, the following information is given for the Balfanz manor:

  • The owner of the manor Balfanz is Oswald Graf von Rittberg, District Administrator a. D. and Privy Councilor.
  • Industrial plants: steam distillery, water grinder, grinding mill, cutting mill, telephone connection.
List of goods from 1903
Property tax / net income 4201 M.
Sizes in hectares
total 1147
Fields & Gardens 533
grasslands 87
Pastures 5
Logs 520
Unland, courtyards & paths -
Livestock
Horses 42
Cattle at all 140
of which cows 65
Sheep 150
Pigs 90

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Udo von Alvensleben, Harald von Koenigswald: Visits before the sinking - noble seats between Altmark and Masuria . Ullstein, 1968.
  2. ↑ a b Związek Miast i Gmin Dorzecza Parsęty (Polish, PDF, 9.3 MB). Guidebook Route of the Pomeranian Family Corsican. Online at parseta.org.pl.
  3. ↑ Caspar Otto von Glasenapp , GeneaNet, online family tree.
  4. ↑ a b Otto Casimir 118 from Glasenapp GeneaNet, online family tree.
  5. ↑ a b c Białowąs, 2011 , Register of Polish Monuments.
  6. ↑ a b Hubertus Neuschäffer: Castles and mansions in Hinterpommern , Kommissionsverlag G. Rautenberg, 1994, ISBN 3-7921-0534-9 .
  7. ↑ A haunted castle in Pomerania, ghosts drive away new owners . Die Welt Online from January 11, 2005.
  8. ↑ Gutsgröße Balfanz , the Official Journal of the Royal Government of Pomerania: 1813th
  9. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vorund Hinter-Pommern, Part II, Volume 2 . 1784. (On Google Books ( full text )).
  10. ↑ Mr. v. Düringshofen Leopold v. Zedlitz-Neukirch: New Prussian Nobility Lexicon ... First Volume AD. Leipzig 1836, p. 448.
  11. ^ Wilhelm Steffenhagen Official Journal of the Prussian Government in Köslin, 1845. No. 25 (June 18, 1845), p. 134; German Gender Book Volume 145 (7th Pomeranian Gender Book), p. 415.
  12. ^ Louis von Lüttwitz , Leopold von Ledebur, Adelslexikon der Prussischen Monarchy, Volume 3: TZ. Berlin 1855. p. 305 (supplements).
  13. ^ Karl Robert Klempin Gustav Kratz: Matriculations and registers of the Pomeranian knighthood from the XIV to the XIX century. Berlin 1863, p. 616.
  14. ↑ Manor Haase zu Balfanz , Official Journal of the Prussian Government in Köslin, 1874: pp. 6 and 259.
  15. ^ Friedrich-Wilhelm von Rittberg , Online on Geneall.net.
  16. ↑ E. Hochher: memorial stone - Karl-Heinrich Graf von Rittenberg . Photo on tell.at from October 7, 2010.
  17. ^ Hermann Zolling, Heinz Höhne: Pullach internally - The history of the Federal Intelligence Service . In: Der Spiegel from March 22, 1971. Online at spiegel.de.
  18. ↑ a b c Pomeranian goods address book: Directory of all goods with indication of the property properties [… , as well as an alphabetical register of places and persons and a manual of the royal authorities of the province], Niekammer's goods address books Volume I., Pomerania. List of all goods with details of property properties, 2nd edition, Niekammer, Stettin 1905.
  19. ↑ Municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population , Pomeranian census, December 1, 1871, accessed on August 5, 2018.
  20. ^ Municipal directory Germany 1900 , Kingdom of Prussia - Province of Pomerania - District of Köslin - District of Neustettin.
  21. ^ Municipalities in the East Pomeranian districts 1905 , East Pomerania eV
  22. ^ Municipality of Balfanz from 1925