FDP Canton of Solothurn

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The FDP. The Liberal Canton of Solothurn , formerly the Free Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn (FdP), is a political party in the Swiss canton of Solothurn . It is liberal and belongs to the FDP, Liberal Switzerland .

history

Founding and 19th century

Josef Munzinger

With the day of Balsthal on December 22nd, 1830, the rule of the Solothurn patriciate , which had been restored since 1814 during the restoration period , was finally ended. On January 11, 1831, the Solothurn people adopted a constitution in which representative democracy was enshrined. This was the time when the Solothurn liberalism originated. Initially there were no parties in the current sense, but in the now democratic canton of Solothurn, liberal-minded men achieved important positions under the leadership of Josef Munzinger . The social democratic side later charged that there were “no proletarians ” among these leading men , but that it was “the new bourgeoisie ” who “wanted to share the regiment with the aristocrats and guild masters with equal rights and used the revolutionary popular movement to get their way. "

As early as January 1, 1831, the Solothurner Blatt was the canton's first political newspaper; she took the liberal point of view. On September 11, 1831, the liberal party was founded in the Klus near Balsthal as a reaction to a conservative movement that was already gaining strength.

In the first twenty years of liberal rule, the previously existing government and police state was gradually converted into a constitutional state . The privileges of birth and place were abolished, "instead of arbitrariness, legal norms came in." Until 1856, the canton was under the leadership of the so-called old liberals , who represented a representative democracy. They were shaped by Josef Munzinger, the "undisputed leader of Solothurn liberalism." Munzinger already emerged as a popular speaker on Balsthal Day, was elected to the Small Council (today's government council ) in 1831 and was in the first from 1833 until his election Swiss Federal Councilor 1848 Landammann . In opposition to the old liberals under Munzinger were the conservatives on the one hand and the radical liberal movement, which advocated direct democracy , on the other . According to their manifesto "Are no improvements necessary in the Canton of Solothurn?" Published in 1855 , which had a red cover, the radical liberals were referred to as "Reds". Your old liberal opponents responded with the text "A word to the Solothurn people about the constitutional revision proposed in the canton of Solothurn" in a gray envelope and thus became the "gray".

Wilhelm Vigier

Finally, in 1856, the radical liberals under Wilhelm Vigier prevailed. After their request for a constitutional revision was accepted in a referendum on March 30th and a constitutional council elected afterwards had worked out a constitution largely in their favor, it was adopted on June 1st with the majority abstaining from the "gray". The "Reds" also gained the upper hand in the cantonal and government councils.

The radical liberals retained their leadership position until 1872. At the beginning of the 1870s, however, the long-quarreling “Reds” and “Grays” drew closer together through joint efforts, in particular through their fight against ultramontanism and for a revision of the federal constitution . On the occasion of a meeting in Langenthal on May 19, 1872 , in which exponents from both camps took part, the reconciliation known as "Langenthaler Bleiche" took place. On October 6, 1872, 300 delegates from all over the canton founded the “Liberal Association of the Canton of Solothurn” in Olten , creating a unified party. At the first congress on October 30, 1872, 3,000–4,000 men took part.

Until 1895, the united liberals, for whom the term liberals were often used in the meantime , were able to maintain their sole rule against the opposition of the conservatives and the so-called "independents" (a group consisting of gray people who did not want to join the united party, former reds as well as individual conservative-minded people) and first workers' associations ( Grütliverein ).

After proportional representation was introduced in the canton of Solothurn in a referendum in 1895 , representatives of the conservatives and the Social Democratic Workers' Party founded in 1890 were increasingly able to take a seat in the canton council, but the liberals retained their absolute majority. As early as 1887, Franz Josef Hänggi was the first oppositional, conservative politician to be elected to the government council. The main driving force behind this was the previous so-called bank crash , where fraud and embezzlement came to light at the later Solothurner Kantonalbank , in which individual free-minded government councilors were also involved.

20th and 21st centuries

The Liberals only lost their absolute majority in the Cantonal Council with the election of July 22, 1917, especially in favor of the Social Democrats. In the national strike in 1918, exponents of the liberals, especially the cantonal and national council and later Federal Councilor Hermann Obrecht , played a controversial role. In Grenchen , three young workers were shot dead by fusiliers from the canton of Vaud . Obrecht had obtained the use of the Vaudois infantry and dragoons from the Emmental against the Grenchen workers through a personal conversation with General Ulrich Wille .

Hermann Obrecht

In 1929 the liberals were able to regain an absolute majority in the cantonal council. After Hitler came to power in Germany in 1933, the leadership of the Solothurn Liberals clearly opposed the front movement . In 1935, Hermann Obrecht was elected to the Federal Council. While Karl H. Flatt describes this in his commemorative publication "150 Years of Solothurn Freedom" from 1981 as an event that triggered "enthusiastic joy" in the canton of Solothurn, his candidacy was also criticized by both social democrats and the bourgeoisie Waffenfabrik Solothurn , of which Obrecht was Chairman of the Board of Directors , belonged to the German armaments company Rheinmetall-Borsig . A good year before his death, however, Obrecht gained a great reputation among the population when he gave a speech after the annexation of Czechoslovakia in 1939, which was regarded as an invitation to resist Nazi Germany. His saying, “We Swiss will not go on pilgrimages abroad first”, was particularly memorable. After Obrecht's death, National Councilor Walther Stampfli was elected to the Federal Council as his successor.

With the election of the SP politician Gottfried Klaus to the Council of States in 1943, the Liberals lost their dual representation in the Council of States. In 1952 they also lost their absolute majority in the government council, as a second member of the SP had been elected to the government alongside a conservative.

Due to the success of other parties, the influence of the Solothurn Liberals has waned over the past few decades. After the 2009 elections, the FDP still held 27 seats in the 100-strong cantonal council, which meant a loss of three seats compared to 2005. It was followed by the CVP with 25, the SP with 21 and the SVP with 18 seats. The remaining seats were divided between the Greens (6), Green Liberals (2) and EPP (1). The government council consists of two members each from the FDP and the CVP, as well as one SP member.

Since the elections in 2007, only one of the seven Solothurn seats in the National Council has been occupied by a member of the FDP ( Kurt Fluri ). In the national elections in 2011, the FDP was able to hold Fluris seat. From 2011, the other seats will be divided between 2 CVP, 2 SP and 2 SVP. The Solothurn FDP continued to have one seat on the Council of States until 2011 ( Rolf Büttiker ), while the other seat is occupied by the SP ( Roberto Zanetti ). In the Swiss parliamentary elections in 2011 , the FDP tried to defend its seat in the Council of States with Fluri, but lost it to Pirmin Bischof (CVP). This is the first time since the state was founded in 1848 that the Liberals of Solothurn are no longer represented in the Council of States.

positioning

For a long time, the FDP of the canton of Solothurn distinguished itself from the Swiss parent party in its outward appearance by using a different party color (yellow instead of blue) and a different spelling of the party abbreviation (FdP instead of FDP). It was not until August 17, 2009 that the delegates of the former FdP decided that from January 1, 2010, the party would join the image of the Swiss “FDP. Liberals” . The Solothurn FDP traditionally sees itself as a “broadly supported people's party” with a “social streak” and thus does not exclusively represent the economic liberalism that characterizes the Swiss FDP.

Today's structure

The FDP of the canton of Solothurn traditionally had no formal membership. Their statutes formulated the concept of membership openly; Anyone residing in the canton of Solothurn could describe themselves as “free-spirited” and run for elections for the FDP. Contributions were made on a voluntary basis. The Solothurn FDP shared this status as a “sympathizer party” (as opposed to a “member party” as in most of the other cantons) with the FDP cantonal parties in the cantons of Lucerne and Ticino and in the canton of Solothurn with the CVP canton of Solothurn . In 2013, a structural reform was proposed that changed the concept of a member party. The cantonal assembly of delegates voted on this reform at the end of 2013 and decided with 84 to 42 votes that the FDP of the canton of Solothurn should become a "member party" by 2015. At the beginning of 2016, party president Christian Scheuermeyer said that the changeover was an ongoing process that would take more time than expected.

Elected officials

literature

  • Thomas Wallner: History of the Canton of Solothurn 1831–1914. Constitution - Politics - Church (=  history of Solothurn . Volume 4 , part 1). State Chancellery of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1992.
  • Hermann Büchi: One Hundred Years of Freedom in Solothurn. 1830-1930 . Vogt shield, Solothurn 1930.
  • Karl H. Flatt: 150 years of Solothurn freedom . Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1981.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Büchi: One Hundred Years of Solothurn Freedom . 1830-1930. Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1930, p. 20 .
  2. ↑ Jacques Schmid: 100 years of liberal rule in the canton of Solothurn . The red book of the workers. Cooperative printing house, Olten 1930, p. 35 .
  3. ^ Hermann Büchi: One Hundred Years of Solothurn Freedom . 1830-1930. Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1930, p. 28-29 .
  4. ^ Karl H. Flatt: 150 Years of Solothurn Freedom . Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1981, p. 48 .
  5. ^ Thomas Wallner: History of the Canton of Solothurn 1831-1914 . Constitution - Politics - Church. In: History of Solothurn . tape 4 , part 1. Cantonal print administration, Solothurn 1992, p. 237 .
  6. ^ Thomas Wallner: History of the Canton of Solothurn 1831-1914 . Constitution - Politics - Church. In: History of Solothurn . tape 4 , part 1. Cantonal print administration, Solothurn 1992, p. 302-303 .
  7. ^ Karl H. Flatt: 150 Years of Solothurn Freedom . Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1981, p. 80-81 .
  8. ^ Karl H. Flatt: 150 Years of Solothurn Freedom . Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1981, p. 102-103 .
  9. ^ Thomas Wallner: History of the Canton of Solothurn 1831-1914 . Constitution - Politics - Church. In: History of Solothurn . tape 4 , part 1. Cantonal print administration, Solothurn 1992, p. 193 .
  10. ^ Thomas Wallner: History of the Canton of Solothurn 1831-1914 . Constitution - Politics - Church. In: History of Solothurn . tape 4 , part 1. Cantonal print administration, Solothurn 1992, p. 361-362 .
  11. ↑ Solothurn State Archives: Constitutional revisions in the 19th century , 1986 (exhibition catalog)
  12. ^ Karl H. Flatt: 150 Years of Solothurn Freedom . Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1981, p. 195-196 .
  13. ^ Hans Hartmann: The shots from Grenchen . In: The weekly newspaper . November 5, 1998. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
  14. ^ Alfred Fasnacht: Debate on the general strike in the Solothurn Cantonal Council . In: State strike / general strike 1918 in Grenchen . January 2001. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 1, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.museums-gesellschaft.ch
  15. ^ Karl H. Flatt: 150 Years of Solothurn Freedom . Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1981, p. 220 .
  16. ^ Karl H. Flatt: 150 Years of Solothurn Freedom . Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1981, p. 242-243 .
  17. ^ Karl H. Flatt: 150 Years of Solothurn Freedom . Liberal Democratic Party of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1981, p. 253 .
  18. ↑ a b Ramón Bill: Shadow of the Second World War / Hermann Obrecht - from the "cannon king" to the symbol of resistance / The monument (PDF; 26 kB) In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . July 27, 1999. Archived from the original on May 17, 2006. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 1, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.museums-gesellschaft.ch
  19. ^ Jean-Maurice Lätt: Obrecht, Hermann. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  20. ^ Federal Assembly: database of council members since 1848 . Retrieved August 1, 2010.
  21. ↑ a b Swiss television: previous Solothurn government confirmed . In: SF Tagesschau . March 8, 2009. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
  22. ^ CVP National Councilor Bishop takes seat on the Council of States . In: NZZ Online . December 4, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
  23. ↑ Marco Sansoni: Historical turning point in Solothurn - FDP for the first time since 1848 without a seat . In: Solothurner Zeitung . December 4, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
  24. ↑ Berner Zeitung / TeleBärn: FDP: Resistance against the mother party (video), March 1, 2009, accessed on March 15, 2009
  25. ↑ Solothurner Freisinn No. 6/2009 (PDF) p. 8, 17 November 2009. Accessed on 5 March 2010.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.fdp-so.ch  
  26. ↑ FdP des Kanton Solothurn: Objectives of the party , accessed on March 15, 2009.
  27. ^ NZZ am Sonntag: Interview with Christian Wanner , February 10, 2008, accessed on March 15, 2009.
  28. ↑ a b Concept of structural reform (PDF; 96 kB) FDP Canton Solothurn. September 20, 2013. Accessed on October 24, 2013.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.fdp-so.ch  
  29. ↑ Christian von Arx: Will the Solothurn FDP become a completely “normal” member party? . July 6, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
  30. ↑ Ueli Wild: Farewell to an “ailing party structure”? In: Solothurner Zeitung . November 29, 2013, p. 25 .
  31. ↑ Lucien Fluri: Where are the FDP members? . In: Solothurner Zeitung . January 15, 2016. Retrieved March 27, 2016.