Fire brigade in South Tyrol
The fire brigades in South Tyrol are mainly organized as volunteer fire brigades within the regional association of volunteer fire brigades in South Tyrol . These guarantee the protection of people and property in the event of fire and other emergencies across the whole of South Tyrol .
In the rest of Italy there is a state fire brigade made up of full-time and voluntary personnel. The volunteer firefighters support the professional fire brigade if necessary, but in many cases they have recently also been completely responsible for fire stations .
organization
The fire brigades are divided into:
In total, the volunteer fire brigades have around 18,000 members. Of these, around 13,000 active firefighters and well over 1,000 are registered in fire brigade youth groups, while the Bolzano professional fire brigade has a staff of 150 employees.
Based on the legal mandate (State Law No. 15 of December 18, 2002), the fire brigade is organized in such a way that it can reach a place of action within a maximum of 5 to 10 minutes. This is achieved by the many volunteer fire brigades in the individual locations . As the youngest fire brigade, the Pfatten fire brigade near Leifers was founded in December 2005. Thus every municipality in South Tyrol has at least one fire brigade.
The South Tyrolean volunteer fire brigades are also divided into sections, districts and a regional association.
The local fire brigade is financed by the public purse, profit-oriented events (e.g. fire brigade festivals) and private donations. Supra-local institutions are only financed with public funds.
The emergency number 112 (since October 17, 2017 - previously 115) of all nine district associations is connected to the state emergency call center in Bolzano , which then notifies the individual fire departments via beeper , siren or bluebox depending on the alarm level and associated alarm plan . The old emergency numbers 115 and 118 remained until the end of 2018.
The regional association of volunteer fire brigades in South Tyrol runs the regional fire brigade school in Vilpian between Bolzano and Merano .
history
The first fire brigades in South Tyrol were founded as volunteer fire brigades in 1864 in Bruneck , 1868 in Merano and 1872 in Brixen . Also in the city of Bolzano, whose first fire extinguishing station goes back to the fire extinguishing regulations from 1827, one of the largest gymnastics clubs in Austria-Hungary was founded in 1862 by Anton Schiestl , an Innsbruck gymnastics teacher. Two years later there was a gymnast fire brigade in the gymnastics club, as in many other places . However, it was soon disbanded. As a result, only the three aforementioned cities were founding members of the Tyrolean State Fire Brigade Association , which was founded in 1872 and was the umbrella organization for all South, East and North Tyrolean fire brigades. The approval from the Innsbruck Lieutenancy from 1873 also contained, among other things, the provisions for the authority of command at the place of deployment or uniformity. The uniforms had to be clearly different from the army uniform. It was also forbidden to wear military-style distinctions such as stars. In the same year, a new voluntary fire brigade was founded in Bolzano.
Due to the Treaty of Saint-Germain , the South Tyrolean fire brigades had to withdraw from the state fire brigade association. Due to the changeover to the Italian administration, according to a circular dated November 14, 1923, the fire brigades also had to use Italian as the command language. Wearing Austrian caps was also banned. Instead, plate caps had to be worn. On June 9, 1925, the volunteer fire brigades were finally dissolved by decree of the fascist government and the equipment became the respective municipal property. Only seven professional fire brigades were supposed to guarantee fire protection throughout South Tyrol (Bozen, Meran, Brixen, Bruneck, Sterzing and Neumarkt). Since this was not possible in practice due to the road conditions at that time, the volunteer firefighters offered their help, which was only tacitly tolerated by the Italian authorities. In 1941 the South Tyrolean fire brigades were integrated into the "Corpo nazionale dei vigili del fuoco" as the 15th provincial command.
After the Second World War , the first autonomy negotiations and agreements between Italy and Austria ( Gruber-De-Gasperi Agreement ) took place. In 1954, the responsibility for fire services fell back to the municipalities. The fire brigades received their self-administration through the municipal autonomy. In 1955, today's South Tyrol Fire Brigade Association was founded. All professional fire brigades, with the exception of the one in Bolzano, were dissolved, so that today fire protection, similar to that in Austria, is again on a voluntary basis. With the South Tyrolean autonomy status from 1972, the 15 ° provincial command was abolished and the fire department became a competence of the state of South Tyrol. Thus, the Bolzano professional fire brigade is no longer a state fire brigade.
To date, South Tyrol and Trentino are the only Italian provinces that manage their fire services autonomously.
Bozen professional fire brigade
- Firefighter
- Chief Fireman
- Chief firefighter
- Fire chief
- Chief Fire Chief
- Chief fire chief
- Fire inspector
- Chief Fire Inspector
- Chief Fire Inspector
- Fire expert
- Overfire expert
- Fire director
vehicles
The vehicles of the volunteer fire brigade primarily used in South Tyrol are tank fire engines and personnel carriers. Furthermore, small fire engines, rescue vehicles and transport vehicles are very common. Fire brigades that have been assigned special deployment zones have emergency vehicles optimized for them. B. the fire brigade "Seis am Schlern / Kompatsch" on a caterpillar vehicle for use in the large, flat ski area. Vehicles that are needed less often, e.g. B. Turntable ladders are usually bought once per section.
The Bozen professional fire brigade has the largest fleet in South Tyrol. In addition to the vehicles mentioned above, the Bolzano fire brigade also has shovel excavators and mobile boats and many other special vehicles.
The vehicles of the South Tyrolean fire brigades are, based on the Italian model, equipped with Italian military license plates. To differentiate, the license plates of the South Tyrolean fire brigades until 2009 included the province of the vehicle, starting with VF and ending with BZ, since 2009 the fire brigade has been abbreviated in German in addition to the Italian VF, so the license plates begin with VF-FW and end with a vehicle number.
| VF • FW A12 |
|---|
| License plate since 2009. |
Ranks "State Fire Brigade Association" / Voluntary Fire Brigade
The ranks of volunteer firefighters are divided into two categories commanders and officials . Commanders wear red shoulder badges, functionaries wear blue shoulder badges and a round function badge on their arm that corresponds to the task. In contrast to the Italian fire brigades , the members of the LFV do not wear their rank badges on the chest of their operational clothing, the rank is indicated by colored stripes on the helmet and back. The rank system dispenses with military distinctions , such as stars in badges or military rank designations.
The commander and his deputy are elected by the entire station for 5 years. Other ranks are appointed by the committee. This in turn is determined by the annual general meeting.
The ranks of the state fire brigade association are divided into 3 levels + state fire brigade school.
| State level | ||
|---|---|---|
| badge | title | annotation |
|
State Fire Brigade President | |
|
State Fire Brigade Deputy President | |
|
State Youth Officer, State Fire Brigade Curate,
State fire brigade doctor |
|
|
Deputy State Youth Officer | |
The state fire brigade association was divided into 9 districts. Each of these districts is further divided into sections, which, however, are of little importance. Each firefighter's clothing bears the name of the station and the corresponding district.
| District level | ||
|---|---|---|
| badge | title | annotation |
|
District President | |
|
District President Deputy | |
|
District Inspector | |
|
Section Inspector | 3-9 officials depending on the district |
|
District youth officer, district clerk, district cashier,
District fire department curate, district fire department doctor |
|
|
District youth officer deputy | |
Since the LFVBZ does not provide for rank insignia on the operational clothing, a color system was developed for the operational clothing. The color code is attached to the helmet in the form of colored strips and on the back of the firefighter in the form of a light strip.
| Station level | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| badge | title | annotation | Color coding for action clothing |
|
commander | Red or neon red | |
|
Deputy Commander | Red or neon red | |
|
Platoon commander | Yellow or neon yellow | |
|
Deputy platoon commander | Yellow or neon yellow | |
|
Group commander | Fire departments have several group commanders. | Yellow or neon yellow |
|
Deputy group commander | Yellow or neon yellow | |
|
Secretary, equipment attendant, cashier and youth worker | Badge is used for several organizational functions within the fire department.
Each position is only filled once. |
White |
|
Deputy youth worker | Youth groups are usually led by several supervisors.
Since the title of youth supervisor can only be awarded once, other supervisors are assigned this rank. So you work together with the youth worker in the team and are not just deputies. |
White |
| No badge
|
Firefighter | White | |
State fire brigade school
As part of the state fire brigade association, the state fire brigade school has rank badges which are designed in line with those of the volunteer fire brigades. The officials of the state fire brigade school wear a corresponding badge, but no badge.
| State fire brigade school | ||
|---|---|---|
| badge | title | annotation |
|
Head and inspector of the state fire brigade school | |
|
Deputy head of the state fire brigade school | |
|
Platoon commander of the state fire brigade school | |
|
Deputy train commander of the state fire brigade school | |
|
Group commander of the state fire brigade school | No deputy |
See also
Web links
- Regional association of volunteer fire brigades in South Tyrol
- Volunteer fire brigade in South Tyrol
- Bozen professional fire brigade
- Bolzano volunteer fire brigade
Individual evidence
- ↑ 63rd State Fire Brigade Day: Vilpian, May 11, 2018. Regional Association of Voluntary Fire Brigades in South Tyrol, accessed on May 16, 2018 (PDF file).
- ↑ Professional fire brigade. Bozen professional fire brigade, accessed on August 6, 2018 (subpage).
- ↑ Uniform European emergency number 112 active on the portal of the Regional Association of Voluntary Fire Brigades in South Tyrol, accessed on November 15, 2017
- ^ A b c Manfred Mischinger: The Austrian Fire Brigade Helmets, ADJUTUM-Verlag, 2006. ISBN 3-200-00574-2
- ^ History of the Bozen professional fire brigade , accessed on October 7, 2010
- ^ Hans Schneider : Fire brigades in South Tyrol . In: Brandaus 12, 1979, p. 380.
Coordinates: 46 ° 33 '36.4 " N , 11 ° 13' 34.7" E