Fitchers bird
Fitchers Vogel is a fairy tale ( ATU 311). It is in the children's and house tales of the Brothers Grimm at position 46 (KHM 46).
content
The fairy tale describes how the three beautiful daughters of a man are kidnapped one after the other by a malicious magician . When the sorcerer has to leave his house one day, each of the girls is given a key and an egg to keep, with the condition that they keep the egg and not use the key that belongs to a chamber.
The first two girls fail in this task and are slaughtered in the room that they open despite the ban. However, the third girl proceeds with sufficient caution and not only remains undetected, but is even able to put the sisters back together into living people. She sends the wizard who has returned home, who now wants to marry her after the supposedly passed exam, with a basket full of gold to her father. The two resuscitated sisters, however, are hidden in the basket and so laboriously carried home by the magician.
In the meantime the older sisters get home, the wedding guests of the warlock arrive. The girl now leaves the house herself, but first rolls around in honey and then in the feathers of a bed in order to escape as Fitchers bird . In passing, guests are asked to enter the witch's house. A skull arranged for this purpose simulates the presence of the bride. When the guests are finally in the house and the returning magician has also joined them, the relatives of the girls who hurried over are now able to kill “the sorcerer and his rabble” by setting fire to the house.
origin
Grimm's comment notes on the origin “two stories from Hesse” (by Friederike Mannel from Allendorf an der Landsburg and from Dortchen Wild from Kassel , Wilhelm Grimm's later wife) and outlines deviations “from the Hanoverian” (probably from Georg August Friedrich Goldmann from Hanover ) : The daughters are supposed to bring the wood chopper food, he marks the way with peas (as in KHM 40 The Robber Groom ), but three dwarfs lead them to their cave, where they are not allowed to enter a room. When the dwarfs are out with the older ones, the youngest covers herself with blood and feathers, puts a swab with her clothes on the stove, and meets foxes, bears and finally the dwarfs who ask "clean bird, where are you from?" "From the dwarf cave, there they are getting ready for the wedding". When they follow, she escapes to her father's house, whose door knocks off her heel.
The Grimms name Prohles fairy tales for the youth no. 7, Erik Rudbek “2, 187” (the slate cites “p. 609”) and compare “Iceland. Fitfuglar ”, to carry on the back“ Rosmer in the old Danish songs ”, to the indelible blood a story in Gesta Romanorum , KHM 66 Häsichenbraut , Becherer's “ Thüring. Chronicle (p. 307. 308) ". They notice the similarity to Perrault's Bluebeard , which they heard in German, but from the 2nd edition, due to the similarity, removed from the collection that the story in Meier No. 38 also seems to come from it. You name the song Ulrich and Ännchen in Des Knaben Wunderhorn “1, 274”. Bluebeard is a common name for a very bearded man. They speculate a connection to the supposed healing effect of virgin blood in diseases such as misel addiction , for which they refer to Poor Heinrich “S. 173 ”. They reproduce a "Dutch saga that belongs here", which was in the 1st edition as Das Mordschloß in position 73, and also mention a Swedish folk song in Geyer and Afzelius "3, 94", in Norwegian with Asbjörnsen "S. 237 “, The story of the third calendar in 1001 nights .
Comparisons
On the forbidden chamber and the healing virgin blood, cf. also Grimm's note on KHM 6 The Faithful Johannes . Cf. in Giambattista Basiles Pentameron II, 8 Die kleine Sklavin , IV, 6 Die Drei Kronen . Cf. The three brides , The hoffärtige Braut and The golden egg in the first edition as well as The fairy tale of the knight Bluebeard , The golden roebuck and The beautiful young bride in the last edition of Ludwig Bechstein's German fairy tale book and The journeyman in New German fairy tale book .
The fairy tale researcher Hans-Jörg Uther notices the active, imaginative role of women, where in the older versions, which go back to Perrault , she more or less voluntarily marries the rich man and is saved by others. See also fairy tales such as KHM 81, Bruder Lustig, on reviving .
interpretation
Fitchers Vogel is a fairy tale about kidnapping, prohibition and curiosity and triumphant cunning. The appendix to Grimm's edition already describes that it is a combination of two narrative threads. This may also explain that the single-minded girl killer sinks into an almost implausible naivete with the third girl. The fairy tale has similarities with The Robber Groom , Bluebeard and The Murder Castle from the collection (forbidden door also in Marienkind ). Whether the sorcerer himself was named with “Fitcher” remains to be seen. Grimm's comment attempts to derive from “Iceland. Fitfuglar swimming birds ”.
According to Wilhelm Salber , the fairy tale suits adults who repeat early living conditions in fragments in an attempt to turn them around.
literature
- Brothers Grimm. Children's and Household Tales. Last hand edition with the original notes by the Brothers Grimm. With an appendix of all fairy tales and certificates of origin, not published in all editions, published by Heinz Rölleke. Volume 3: Original Notes, Guarantees of Origin, Afterword. Revised and bibliographically supplemented edition. Reclam, Stuttgart 1994. ISBN 3-15-003193-1 , pp. 85-88, 461-462.
- Hans-Jörg Uther: Handbook to the children's and house fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. de Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-019441-8 , pp. 109-110.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans-Jörg Uther: Handbook on the children's and house tales of the Brothers Grimm. de Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-019441-8 , pp. 109-110.
- ^ Wilhelm Salber: fairy tale analysis (= work edition Wilhelm Salber. Volume 12). 2nd Edition. Bouvier Verlag, Bonn 1999, ISBN 3-416-02899-6 , pp. 171-173, 179.
