Ear lice herb

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Ear lice herb
Ear lice herb (Pedicularis rostratospicata)

Ear lice herb ( Pedicularis rostratospicata )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Summer root family (Orobanchaceae)
Genre : Lice herbs ( Pedicularis )
Type : Ear lice herb
Scientific name
Pedicularis rostratospicata
Crantz

The ear louse herb ( Pedicularis rostratospicata ), also known as flesh red lice herb , is a species of the genus lice herb ( Pedicularis ) in the family of summer roots (Orobanchaceae).

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora
Section of an inflorescence with zygomorphic flowers of the Austrian spike louse herb ( Pedicularis rostratospicata subsp. Rostratospicata )
Habitus, leaves and inflorescences of the Austrian ear louse herb ( Pedicularis rostratospicata subsp. Rostratospicata )
Inflorescence of the Swiss ears lice herb ( Pedicularis rostratospicata subsp. Helvetica )

Vegetative characteristics

The ear louse herb grows as a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 18 to 40 centimeters. There are several leaves on the upright, hairy stem . The pinnate leaves have serrated leaflets.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from July to August. The relatively short spike-shaped, racemose inflorescence is much longer than it is wide and contains 8 to 15 flowers. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a double flower envelope . Depending on the subspecies, the leaf-like calyx tips can be entire or notched to toothed. Depending on the subspecies, the calyx is hairy or woolly. The flesh pink to purple colored petals are fused. The crown is 11 to 16 millimeters long and has two strong lips. The upper lip is usually long beaked, without clear crown teeth.

The loculicidal capsule fruit contains many seeds.

The number of chromosomes is x = 8; there is diploidy with a chromosome number 2n = 16.

ecology

The ear lice weed is a helomorphic hemicryptophyte . Like all types of lice weed, this species is a semi-parasite (hemiparasite), which uses suction organs ( haustoria ) to extract water and nutrient salts from the roots of host plants .

From an ecological point of view, it is “real lip flowers” ​​with nectar as a reward. The typical pollinators are bumblebees ( entomophilia ). If there is no cross- pollination , self- pollination takes place .

Diaspores are the seeds.

Occurrence

The ear lice herb is found in the Alps of France , Switzerland , Germany , Austria , Italy and Slovenia .

Locations are limestone grasslands, Rostseggenrasen and stony pastures. It thrives best on fresh, lime-rich, humus-rich, stony loam soils . She is a character species of the association Caricion ferrugineae.

Systematics

Pedicularis rostrato-spicata was first published in 1769 by Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz . A synonym for Pedicularis rostratospicata Crantz is Pedicularis incarnata Jacq. nom. illegal.

There are two subspecies of the species Pedicularis rostratospicata :

  • Austrian ear louse herb ( Pedicularis rostratospicata Crantz subsp. Rostratospicata ): With spider-web hairy bracts and calyx teeth; The calyx teeth of the lower flowers with entire margins. Widespread in the Eastern Alps; occurs in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy and Slovenia.
  • Swiss ear lice herb ( Pedicularis rostratospicata subsp. Helvetica (Steininger) O.Schwarz ): The bracts and the calyx are densely hairy gray to yellowish to white-shaggy. The calyx teeth, including the lower flowers, are more or less clearly serrated. Central and Westalpisch disseminated; it occurs in France, Switzerland, Austria and Italy.

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g ear lice herb . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
  2. ↑ Pedicularis rostratospicata at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  860 .
  4. ↑ Data sheet distributed in France by Tela Botanica .
  5. ↑ a b Pedicularis rostratospicata subsp. helvetica (Steininger) O. Schwarz In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved March 19, 2016.
  6. ↑ a b c Karol Marhold, 2011: Scrophulariaceae : Datasheet Pedicularis rostratospicata In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  7. ↑ Pedicularis rostratospicata at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved August 27, 2017.

Web links

Commons : Ear Louse Weed ( Pedicularis rostratospicata )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files