Fockenburg
| Fockenburg | ||
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 Excavation site with remains of the Fockenburg (2017) |
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| Creation time : | 1421 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Place: | Empty | |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 13 '41 " N , 7 ° 26' 39.3" E | |
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The Focke Castle is an Outbound castle in Leer in Lower Saxony . It was built in 1421 by the East Frisian chief Focko Ukena in the manner of a " high house " and destroyed in 1431 by the Freedom League of the Seven East Frisia . The location of the Fockenburg could only be reliably verified in 2017 through archaeological investigations on the grounds of the Borromäus Hospital.
history
At the beginning of the 15th century, the chief Focko Ukena moved his headquarters from his headquarters in Neermoor to Leer and had the Fockenburg built there in 1421. An opposition formed against his rule under the Cirksena dynasty , which operated as the Freedom League of the Seven East Friesland . Ukena as a large landowner was said to be in league with pirates . Other East Frisian chiefs and peasants felt their personal responsibility was threatened by him , since he had also defeated his Frisian opponents under Ocko tom Brook as well as the Archbishop of Bremen and the Count of Oldenburg . In 1430 the Freedom League of the Seven East Friesland besieged the Fockenburg for six months, from which Focko Ukena, according to legend, fled in a barrel across the moat. After the conquest, the castle was razed and some of the material was used to build the Leerort fortress . As a successor to the Fockenburg, the Unkenburg, which later became the Harderwykenburg , was built on a Geest hill in Leer .
Location
According to historical sources, the Fockenburg was located west of the old town between Steinburgsgang Street and today's Borromäus Hospital. The bricks found in the ground and the street name Steinburgsgang also spoke for this . In previous archaeological investigations, a moat was discovered there, which was assigned to the castle. Renewed investigations by means of search cuts in the area did not lead to any results in 2007, since only a damp depression from medieval times was found.
Before the construction of a multi-storey car park on the clinic site, excavations took place on the construction site at the beginning of 2017 . According to the archaeologist Rolf Bärenfänger, the location of the Fockenburg could be reconstructed on the basis of the findings . The findings include the remains of two moats. The outer trench was about 15 meters wide and over a meter deep, the inner trench about 10 meters wide and 70 cm deep. The course of the trenches suggests the location of the former castle site on a parking lot in the courtyard of the hospital. Various finds were recovered during the excavations. These are bulky bricks and utensils from the late Middle Ages , such as vessel handles, a leather shoe sole and pipes. At the beginning of 2019, after a building in the courtyard of the clinic was torn down, another excavation was carried out, but no remains of a castle were found.
Dark discoloration of the soil from a wall or moat
Finds on the excavation area, bricks and fragments of roof tiles
Further dark soil discoloration from a wall or a moat
See also
literature
- Kirsten Hüser: News from the "old" emptiness. Results of the excavations on Alte Marktstrasse in 2014 . In: De Utmiener. Yearbook of the Heimatverein Leer , Volume 1, 2016, pp. 137–147.
- Kirsten Hüser: “The annals don't tell us how he got to Leer ...” On the trail of the Fockenburg in Leer . In: De Utmiener. Yearbook of the Heimatverein Leer , Volume 2, 2017, Schlösser und Burgen in and around Leer , pp. 75–82.
Web links
- Entry by Frank Both zu Fockenburg in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Entry on Fockenburg in the private database "Alle Burgen".
- Hans-Christian Wöste: This is the rest of Focko's castle in NWZ from March 11, 2017
- Hans-Christian Wöste: Where Focko Ukena resided in Weser-Kurier from March 11, 2017
Individual evidence
- ↑ History From »Hleri« to Leer. City of Leer in Ostfriesland, accessed on August 5, 2011 .
- ^ This is where Ostfriesenchief Focko is said to have lived in: Ostfriesen-Zeitung of March 10, 2017
- ↑ town of Leer: Chronicle data Leeraner Stadtgeschichte- Chronicle data: 1000-1699 .
- ^ Paul Weßels: Leer, Stadt und Landkreis
- ^ The Leeraner Focko-Ukena-Burg
- ↑ Archaeological annual review 2007 at Ostfriesische Landschaft
- ↑ Petra Herterich: “Tangible evidence” for the Fockenburg in: Ostfriesen-Zeitung of March 10, 2017
- ↑ The trace of the bricks at ndr.de from March 10, 2017
- ↑ Petra Herterich: No trace of Focko's castle in Ostfriesen-Zeitung of February 28, 2019