Frank L. Horsfall

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Signature of Frank L. Horsfall

Frank Lappin Horsfall junior (born December 14, 1906 in Seattle , Washington , † February 19, 1971 ) was an American virologist and cancer researcher .

Live and act

Horsfall studied at the University of Washington , first engineering , then medicine , from 1927 at McGill University . He graduated in 1932 and then worked in pathology - a subject that at the time still included microbiology - at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital and in internal medicine at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal . Due to incompatibility of formaldehyde , he could not his career aspiration of surgeons pursue, but turned at the Rockefeller Institute in New York City the clinical and basic research to.

Horsfall improved the then usual treatment of the pneumococcal - pneumonia by immune serum from a horse by changing to such a rabbit. After three years he became Chief Resident Physician , but in 1937 he switched entirely to research, where he turned to the field of quantitative biology or developed techniques for cooling or ventilating laboratory facilities. Particular attention was paid to studies of blocking or neutralizing antibodies against influenza viruses and the epidemiology of influenza , ultimately with the aim of limiting epidemics. A sabbatical took Horsfall to the later Nobel Prize winner Arne Tiselius in Uppsala , Sweden, with whom he worked on the electrophoresis of macromolecules .

The work on influenza made it necessary to keep large numbers of ferrets . Since almost all test animals died in the course of an outbreak of distemper , the animals were subsequently vaccinated against distemper - with a spleen extract from an infected animal. The observation that some animals were subsequently immune to influenza led to the concept of vaccinating together against both pathogens, which ultimately turned out to be clinically disappointing. Horsfall moved back to the Rockefeller Institute Hospital, where he took over the management of the Virology Department from Thomas Milton Rivers .

After the entry of the United States into the Second World War , a unit was Horsfall naval medicine (roughly: "Marine Medicine" Tropical Medicine ), that later on Guam was moved and - together with the remaining in New York employees - about the end of the war in addition to respiratory diseases , particularly atypical pneumonia . The pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) and the resulting pneumonia in mice served as an animal model .

In 1951 Horsfall and Igor Tamm (virologist) described the Tamm-Horsfall protein ( uromodulin ). Horsfall's other employees included a. Lewis Thomas , Maurice R. Hilleman , Edwin Kilbourne, and Maclyn McCarty .

In 1956, Horsfall was - again at the instigation of Thomas Milton Rivers - his successor as head of the infectious diseases department at Rockefeller Hospital, which from 1953 was increasingly transformed into Rockefeller University under Detlev Wulf Bronk . As Bronks' deputy, Horsfall was increasingly involved in administrative tasks.

In 1960 Horsfall took the opportunity to succeed Cornelius P. Rhoads as director of the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research , which he held until his death. Here he shifted the research focus from the chemical causes of cancer to the viral.

Horsfall has authored numerous reviews on various aspects of virology and chemotherapy . Together with Igor Tamm he was the editor of the third edition of the textbook Virus and Rickettsial Diseases of Man . He has been the editor of several journals including the Journal of Experimental Medicine and the American Journal of Public Health .

Horsfall had been married to Norma Campagnari since 1937. The couple had three children. Frank Lappin Horsfall died on February 19, 1971, to cancer .

Awards (selection)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ I. Tamm, FL Horsfall: A MUCOPROTEIN DERIVED FROM HUMAN URINE WHICH REACTS WITH INFLUENZA, MUMPS, AND NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUSES. In: Journal of Experimental Medicine. 95, 1951, pp. 71-97, PMID 14907962 , doi : 10.1084 / jem.95.1.71 .
  2. ^ Eli Lilly and Company-Elanco Research Award Past Laureates. (No longer available online.) In: asm.org. Archived from the original on June 11, 2016 ; accessed on May 28, 2017 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.asm.org
  3. ↑ Frank Horsfall. In: nasonline.org. Retrieved May 28, 2017 .
  4. ^ John Frederick Lewis Award - American Philosophical Society. In: amphilsoc.org. Retrieved June 1, 2017 .
  5. ^ American Philosophical Society: Member History ; accessed on May 28, 2017.
  6. ↑ George M. Kober Medal and Lectureship. In: aap-online.org. Retrieved May 28, 2017 .
  7. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present (PDF; 1.2 MB) at the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org); accessed on May 28, 2017.
personal data
SURNAME Horsfall, Frank L.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Horsfall, Frank; Horsfall, Frank Lappin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American virologist and cancer researcher
DATE OF BIRTH December 14, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Seattle
DATE OF DEATH 19th February 1971