Franz Adam Petrina
Franz Adam Petrina (Czech František Adam Petřina , born December 24, 1799 in Semil , Bohemia , † June 27, 1855 in Prague ) was a Czech physicist.
Life
Since his father, as a weaver, could not fulfill his wish to study, he first had to learn his trade. Only after he had become a weaver journeyman at the age of 17 was he able to attend school with the support of friends and then attend the University of Prague . In 1832 he was employed as an adjunct at the professorship for mathematics and physics. After completing his doctorate in 1836, he got to know Andreas von Ettingshausen and the magnet-electric machine he had just constructed in Vienna . He has been interested in these machines and their construction ever since.
In 1837 he was employed at the Lyceum in Linz as a professor of physics and applied mathematics. August 1844 he became professor of physics at the University of Prague.
In 1842 his son Theodor was born in Linz .
He developed various methods for measuring electrical quantities. One of his first works dealt with a new theory of electrophorus and a new resin cake - electroscope . The first theoretical part was unfortunate, but the electroscope continued to attract attention for a long time.
He researched electromagnetic induction and worked on electromagnetic machines, which he improved.
He investigated the use of branch streams in telegraphy and developed a telegraph system that could telegraph from both ends of the line simultaneously.
An instrument through which he would have introduced himself as the inventor of musical telephony remained unknown. It is said to have been a kind of electromagnetically operated physharmonica that the mechanic Spitra made in Prague and that he presented on July 26, 1852 at a meeting of the Bohemian Society. The tones could be transmitted to the same instrument via wires.
His former assistant Alois Nowak was his successor for two years.
Honors
From 1848 he was a corresponding member of the Vienna Academy and a full member of the Bohemian Society of Sciences. In 1853 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . In 1861 he became a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences.
literature
- M. Vávra: Petřina Franz Adam. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 8, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-7001-0187-2 , p. 5 f. (Direct links on p. 5 , p. 6 ).
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Petřina, Franz Adam . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 22nd part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1870, pp. 116–120 ( digitized version ).
- Gustav Karsten: Petřina, Franz Adam . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, p. 528 f.
Web links
- Literature and other media by and about Franz Adam Petrina in the catalog of the National Library of the Czech Republic
- Physics at the University of Graz 1848–1919 (PDF; 4.5 MB)
- Magneto-electric apparatus ; In: Quarterly for practical medicine
Individual evidence
- ^ Member entry of Franz Adam Petrina at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 23, 2015.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Petrina, Franz Adam |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Petřina, František Adam |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Czech physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 24, 1799 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Semil on the Iser |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 27, 1855 |
| Place of death | Prague |