Franz Heske

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Franz Heske (born July 3, 1892 in Frauenberg , Bohemia , † March 7, 1963 in Hamburg ) was an Austrian-German forest scientist and university professor. He is considered the founder of the "world forestry" and the creator of the philosophy of organic matter .

Life

Growing up in the Bohemian Forest , Franz Heske studied forest science at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna . In 1928 he was appointed professor of forest science and director of the Institute of Forest Management at the Forest Academy in Tharandt ( Saxony appointed). In 1931 he founded the "Institute for Foreign and Colonial Forestry" there, which was declared a Reichsanstalt in 1937 and moved to Reinbek Castle in 1940 on the instructions of Reich Forester Hermann Göring . In 1943, Heske and Paul Vageler headed the forestry and soil science department at the German Institute in occupied Paris. According to the sources, at least in 1942 Hedemann was a member of the advisory board of the Society for European Economic Planning and Greater Region Economics , which planned German rule over Europe after the expected victory. Until his retirement in 1956, Heske remained head of the institution or of its successor institution, the Federal Research Institute for Forestry and Wood Management (BFH). However, because of his ideas for colonial forestry, which he represented during the time of National Socialism , he was not undisputed. In November 1933 he signed the professors' declaration of Adolf Hitler at German universities and colleges .

Heske is the author of 130 publications and was editor of the magazine for world forestry he founded in 1932 . His work, with which he gave decisive impulses for development to the world forestry industry, provided guidelines for the use of wood, silviculture and especially for forest conservation in the tropics .

After having worked for a long time in the USA , India and Turkey , Heske was general forest manager in Ethiopia from 1957 to 1961 . There he brought a forest law on the way, built a forest administration and set up a forest school. He reported on this activity in the book Findings and Experiences on Forest Land Use in Developing Countries Using the Example of Ethiopia , which appeared posthumously in 1966.

Franz Heske is the creator of the natural philosophical line of thought of the organic , the basics of which he describes in the book possession and obligation. A contribution of the forest industry to the socio-economic problems of our time (1950) developed. In 1954 he wrote the work Organik with Pascual Jordan and Adolf Meyer-Abich . Contributions to the culture of our time . With this, Heske became one of the essential theoretical precursors of the notions of general sustainable development and way of life as well as sustainability science, which only emerged in the 1990s . Heske's ideas were later developed further by his student Rolf Hennig . On the initiative of Hennig, the non-profit "Society for Organics eV" was founded in 1990, which has set itself the goal of nurturing Heske's thoughts and further developing his philosophy.

Franz Heske died unexpectedly of heart failure on March 7, 1963 in Hamburg .

Honors

Fonts

Scientific writings

  • together with Karl Hoffmeister: The theory of the basic rent and its application to the forest rent problem , Vienna 1927
  • Contribution to the knowledge of the forest zones of the Western Himalayas , Helsinki 1929
  • In the holy land of the Ganges springs , Neudamm 1937
  • German Forestry , New Haven 1938
  • Federal Institute for Forestry and Wood Management, Reinbek near Hamburg. 1930–1950 , Reinbek 1950
  • Possession and obligation. A contribution of the forest industry to the socio-economic problems of our time , Hamburg-Reinbek 1950
  • Opening up the steppe. Thoughts on a national plan for forest conservation, drought control and internal colonization in Turkey , Istanbul 1953
  • together with Pascual Jordan and Adolf Meyer-Abich: Organik. Contributions to the culture of our time , Berlin-Grunewald 1954
  • Findings and experiences on forest land use in developing countries using the example of Ethiopia , (Research Reports of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, No. 1252), Cologne and Opladen 1966
  • On the philosophy of a wholeness before the parts , (Schriften zur Organik, No. 8), Quickborn 1995, ISBN 3-927947-08-3

Editorial activity

  • Leaflets of the Reich Institute for Forestry and Wood Management (1949 ff. Under the title Leaflets of the Central Institute for Forestry and Wood Management )
  • Journal for World Forestry (1932 ff.)

cards

  • together with Richard Torunsky: Forest Spreading Germany , Edition 1: 1,000,000, Neudamm and Berlin 1937
  • as founder: Weltforstatlas , Hamburg and Berlin

literature

  • Claus Wiebecke:  Heske, Franz. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1969, ISBN 3-428-00189-3 , p. 746 ( digitized version ).
  • Detlev Lemhöfer, Zoltán Rozsnyay: Life and work of Franz Heske. 1892-1963 . Göttingen Contributions to Agriculture and Forestry in the Tropics and Subtropics, Volume 9.Institute for Forest Policy, Wood Market Studies, Forest History and Nature Conservation at the University of Göttingen & Institute for Silviculture at the University of Göttingen, Department II: Silviculture in the Tropics and Natural Forest Research, Göttingen 1985
  • Rolf Hennig (ed.) Et al .: Festschrift for the 100th birthday of Franz Heske (1892–1963) . Writings on Organics, No. 3. Braun and Behrmann, Quickborn 1992, ISBN 3-927947-03-2

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Frank-Rutger Hausmann : "Even in war the muses are not silent". The German scientific institutes in World War II. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2001. ISBN 3-525-35357-X , p. 101
personal data
SURNAME Heske, Franz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German forest scientist
DATE OF BIRTH July 3, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Frauenberg
DATE OF DEATH March 7, 1963
Place of death Hamburg