Frastanzer Ried

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Frastanzer Ried from Fellengatter photographed in winter 2018/2019
View from Frastanzer Ried towards Feldkirch, with the Swiss mountains in the background

The Frastanzer Ried (Vorarlberg dialect: Frascht'ner Ried ) is located in the municipality of Frastanz in Vorarlberg , Austria and is a natural monument and a European protected area. Despite being downsized by the construction of the Walgau motorway , it is still the largest and most important wetland area in Walgau . The Frastanzer Ried is a flat moor with artesian springs .

In the area of ​​the municipality of Frastanz there are a large number of such reed areas (e.g. in valleys: still Weiher-Motten and Maria-Grüner Ried and numerous other moors on the slopes).

history

Sign for the groundwater reserve in Frastanzer Ried

In the "historical description" (Prugger'sche Chronik) written by Georg Prugger in 1685, a well is mentioned with which drinking water is conveyed from the Frastanzer Ried to Feldkirch for the public water supply. This plant was in operation with modifications until the 1950s.

When the Ill dam broke on June 15, 1910 in three places, the Frastanzer Ried and the surrounding areas became a large lake.

In 1915 the landowners merged to form a reed cooperative (today an agricultural community).

According to an article in the “Vorarlberger Volksblatt” dated July 26, 1923, the Innsbrucker Luftverkehrsgesellschaft Ing. Hummel und Cie planned to build an airfield in Frastanzer Ried and everything necessary for the time was built by November 1923. In the early 1930s one was in Frastanz glider - club founded. From 1952 the Frastanzer Ried was used by this glider flying club as a take-off and landing site. A storm disaster on December 9, 1954 severely damaged the hangar and several gliders. 1962 Provincial Government of Vorarlberg has been with the Office decision to revoke the authorization granted in 1951 to operate the glider site Frastanz because the airfield was not used for more than two years.

In 1974, the population of the Vorarlberg to secure the drinking and Nutzwasserbedarfes governor issued a groundwater Sanctuary Regulation. According to § 1 lit. c) Among other things, the entire Frastanzer Ried is standardized as a groundwater reserve.

In 1995 the action committee "JUWEL FRASCHT'NER RIED" was founded to prevent further construction projects in this area and to preserve the reed. The action committee committed itself to the community to bear a quarter of the necessary expenses (totaling 174,415.00 euros) for the redemption of a certain building plot. The municipality itself in turn contributed a further quarter and the state of Vorarlberg another 50%. In the spring of 2000, the redesignation of 3600 m² was successfully carried out.

Legal basis

The Frastanzer Ried protected area was protected in accordance with the ordinance of the Vorarlberg state government on the “littered meadow biotope network Rheintal-Walgau”. The Flora-Fauna-Habitat Directive 92/43 / EEC (Habitats Directive) of the European Union is also the basis for the protection .

topography

The Frastanzer Ried is located in the municipality of Frastanz between the center and the Felsenau. The entire protected area is at an altitude of about 462  m above sea level. A. up to 466  m above sea level A. , has a very slight gradient and an area of ​​about 39 hectares. It represents a link between the species-rich Rhine alpine bogs and the inner-alpine bogs. Together with the adjacent alluvial forest on the Ill, the area covers around 62.3 hectares.

To the north, the Frastanzer Ried is bounded by the state road L 190 ( Vorarlberger Straße ) and in the northeast and east by the settlement area of ​​Frastanz. West and south through the Rungeldonweg. The Walgau motorway is about 500 meters to the northeast.

Flora and fauna

Information sign nature reserve

The Frastanzer Ried consists of extensive litter meadows and small fragments of alluvial forest. It is the most important valley bog in the Walgau and habitat for a large number of animal and plant species, such as B. for more than 100 endangered animal and plant species. The occurrence of the marsh glossy herb (also: gloss stendel) is said to be the most significant single occurrence in Austria.

504 species of butterflies, 18 species of dragonflies and 220 species of spiders were found. Furthermore, 110 different wild bees, 55 of which are wild bee species, can be found in the Frastanzer Ried.

plants

In the Frastanzer Ried 374 types of plants were counted, of which 14 types of orchids and 76 medicinal plants. According to the Austrian Red List, 82 species are regionally endangered in Austria, 26 endangered, 16 critically endangered and one threatened with extinction.

The main type of grass in the Frastanzer Ried is made up of pipe grass (pipe grass meadow).

Orchids to be found in the Frastanzer Ried are z. B .: winged Orchid (Orchis morio), Musk (Herminium monorchis), Military Orchid (Orchis militaris), Glanzstendel (Lipari loeselii), pyramid-leaved (Anacamptis pyramidalis), Marsh Helleborine (Epipactis palustris), dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Dactylorhiza traunsteineri), White Forest hyacinth (Platanthera bifolia), broad-leaved orchid (Dactylorhiza majalis). There are also z. For example: scented leek (Allium suaveolens), marsh victorywort or marsh gladiolus (Gladiolus palustris)

Amphibians and reptiles

From a herpetological point of view, the Frastanzer Ried can be described as one of the leading biotopes in Vorarlberg .

In the Frastanzer Ried, six out of ten amphibian species and four out of six reptile species were found in Vorarlberg. There are z. B .: Gelbbauch toads (Bombina variegata), newts (Triturus cristatus), Berg newts (Triturus alpestris), newts (Triturus vulgaris), toads (Bufo bufo), bars grass snakes (Natrix helvetica), Berg lizards / Waldeidechse (Zootoca vivipara), and lizards ( Lacerta agilis).

Butterflies

504 species of butterflies have been identified in the Frastanzer Ried. Special protection according to the Habitats Directive: Scabiosen pied butterflies (Euphydryas aurinia aurinia), light blue-headed ants (Maculinea teleius), dark blue-headed blue-flies (Maculinea nausithous), blue gentian -ants alcon) (Maculinea teleius ). Of the species that occur, around 64% are not endangered species and the rest (36%) are endangered or threatened with extinction.

Bird population

The most common breeding birds in the Frastanzer Ried are: blackcap , marsh warbler , chaffinch , chiffchaff , blackbird , robin , reed bunting , great tit , wren and the blue tit . There are also other breeding birds, such as B. the red-backed killer , stonechat , lesser woodpecker , cuckoo , hawk , black kite and many others. The occurrence of water rail , pond rail or sandpiper is uncertain. A total of 35 breeding bird species were counted in the Frastanzer Ried.

Waters

The Blödlebach (also: Haupttriedgraben) runs straight through the Frastanzer Ried from northeast to northwest in a large curve to the south, into which the Bodenwaldtobelbach, the Blödlegraben and the Mittelriedgraben flow in the Ried.

Use and traffic

Horizontal well in the middle of the Frastanzer Ried
Vertical fountain in front of the Felsenau

The Frastanzer Ried is an important local recreation area for the surrounding population and is still used for agriculture .

For the city of Feldkirch, up to 220 liters of water per second have been pumped out through a horizontal filter well in Frastanzer Ried since 1980. The municipality of Frastanz is also connected to this horizontal filter well. This horizontal filter well, including protection zone 1, is left out of the Frastanzer Ried protected area . Protection zone 2 for water abstraction covers a considerable part of the Frastanzer Ried. Protection zone 2 of the vertical filter well, which is about 200 meters away and built in 1952/1953, touches a small part of the Frastanzer Ried to the northwest. For Feldkirch alone, around 2 million m³ of water are withdrawn each year.

Several public roads lead into the protected area or at the edge of the protected area.

Say

According to a variant of the legend, the Klushund should also come from the Frastanzer Ried.

literature

  • Frastanzer Ried , Office of the Vorarlberg State Government, Bregenz ( online ).
  • Inatura (Ed.): Frastanzer Ried , Dornbirn 2003, inatura research and discover, Volume 13.

Web links

Commons : Frastanzer Ried  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ID 41.
  2. ^ New European protected areas in Vorarlberg , website: alpenverein.at.
  3. ↑ a b Rita Kilzer: The bird world of the Frastanzer Ried in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 129.
  4. ↑ Ulrich Ströhle: Agrarian amalgamation in the Frastanzer Ried - land development - the beginning of a new understanding in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 77.
  5. ↑ See: Ordinance of the state government on the nature reserve "Maria-Grüner Ried" in Frastanz, LGBl. No. 32/1994.
  6. ↑ Hans Amann: The use of groundwater in the city of Feldkirch in the Frastanzer Ried groundwater reserve in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 73.
  7. ↑ Ulrich Ströhle: Agrarian amalgamation in the Frastanzer Ried - land development - the beginning of a new understanding in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 78.
  8. ↑ Thomas Welte: Once upon a time: Airfield Frastanzer Ried in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 63 ff.
  9. ↑ VIb-357 / 6-62.
  10. ↑ Ordinance of the governor on the determination of groundwater protection areas to secure the future drinking and usable water needs of the population, LGBl. No. 49/1974.
  11. ↑ Günter Stadler: 14 years of efforts to protect the wetlands of Frastanz in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 31 ff.
  12. ↑ LGBl. No. 61/1995.
  13. ↑ Frastanzer Ried, area code AT3426000, area 39.21 hectares, municipality of Frastanz, whistle grass meadows on calcareous, peaty and clayey-silty soils, 14 new FFH areas in Vorarlberg by decision of the EU of December 9, 2016 , website: wildniseuropa.blogspot. com dated April 13, 2017.
  14. ↑ See graphic representation of the office of the Vorarlberg state government of October 7, 2010, Zl. IVe-134.00, scale 1: 3500.
  15. ↑ Overview and location in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 11.
  16. ^ Frastanzer Ried , Office of the Vorarlberg State Government, Bregenz.
  17. ↑ Markus Grabher: The flora of the Frastanzer Ried (Vorarlberg, Austria) in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 83 ff.
  18. ↑ a b Henning Heilmann: Great natural diversity in the Frastanzer Ried , vol.at from October 19, 2013.
  19. ↑ a b Markus Grabher: The flora of the Frastanzer Ried (Vorarlberg, Austria) in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 83 ff.
  20. ↑ Dietmar Huber: The amphibians and reptiles in the Frastanzer Ried (Vorarlberg, Austria) in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 149.
  21. ↑ Dietmar Huber: The amphibians and reptiles in the Frastanzer Ried (Vorarlberg, Austria) in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 149 ff.
  22. ↑ Eyjolf Aistleitner, Ulrich Aistleitner: The butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of the flat moor complex Frastanzer Ried (Vorarlberg, Austria) in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, volume 13, p. 329 ff.
  23. ↑ Rita Kilzer: The bird world of the Frastanzer Ried in Frastanzer Ried , p. 132 f.
  24. ↑ Rita Kilzer: The bird world of the Frastanzer Ried in Frastanzer Ried , p. 141.
  25. ↑ Rita Kilzer: The bird world of the Frastanzer Ried in Frastanzer Ried , p. 143.
  26. ↑ Where does the water for Feldkirch come from , website of the city of Feldkirch.
  27. ↑ Hans Amann: The use of groundwater in the city of Feldkirch in the Frastanzer Ried groundwater reserve in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, pp. 73 ff.
  28. ↑ Mario Broggi: Overall appraisal of the natural values ​​and nature conservation demands for the future in Frastanzer Ried , inatura research and discover, Volume 13, p. 364.
  29. ↑ Der Klushund , website: haben.at.

Coordinates: 47 ° 13 ′ 20.4 "  N , 9 ° 36 ′ 44.6"  E