Share of women in the German Bundestag since 1949

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The tables in this article contain the numbers of female members of the German Bundestag from its first meeting in 1949 to the present day. The 18th German Bundestag , elected in the 2013 Bundestag election , had 36.3% women ; in the 19th German Bundestag elected in 2017 , this fell to 31%. The table, broken down by parliamentary group, only contains the parties that or whose successor organizations are currently or have been represented in the German Bundestag for many years.

The German Basic Law includes the state's right to work towards the implementation of equal rights for men and women ( Article 3 (2) of the German Basic Law and its addition from 1994). In order to increase the proportion of women in parliament , quota regulations are in place in some parties , but are controversial in other parties (see also proportions of women in German parties ).

Table 1: Share of women in the German Bundestag since 1949 (total)

Number of female and male members in the German Bundestag between 1949 and 2016; the values ​​within a legislative period are interpolated

The following table shows the proportion of women both in percentages (proportion of the number of all members of the Bundestag ) and in absolute numbers of female members of the Bundestag. In addition, the respective total number of MPs from all 17 legislative periods is listed (see also the statistics on women in the Bundestag ). Where available, numbers are given at the beginning and end of each electoral term. The number of female MPs typically increases slightly towards the end of the respective electoral term, with no obvious explanation for this fact. One possible cause is an increased placement of women on the less favorable lower positions in the list , who move up in the case of MPs who have left the parliament during the electoral term .

Up to and including the 14th electoral term, the list is based on the work of Michael F. Feldkamp and Christa Sommer Parliamentary and election statistics of the German Bundestag 1949-2002 / 03 from 2003; from the 15th electoral term the documentation German Bundestag 1994 to 2014: Parliamentary and election statistics for the 13th to 18th electoral term from the magazine for parliamentary questions is the source:

Electoral term Beginning of the electoral term End of term
Women% Women Members Women% Women Members
  1st Bundestag 1949–1953 6.8% 28 410 9.0% 38 420
  2nd Bundestag 1953–1957 8.8% 45 509 10.0% 52 519
  3rd Bundestag 1957–1961 9.2% 48 519 9.4% 49 519
  4th Bundestag 1961–1965 8.3% 43 521 9.4% 49 521
  5th Bundestag 1965–1969 6.9% 36 518 7.9% 41 518
  6th Bundestag 1969–1972 6.6% 34 518 6.2% 32 518
  7th Bundestag 1972–1976 5.8% 30th 518 6.9% 36 518
  8th Bundestag 1976–1980 7.3% 38 518 7.9% 41 518
  9th Bundestag 1980–1983 8.5% 44 519 8.7% 45 519
10th Bundestag 1983–1987 9.8% 51 520 10.0% 52 520
11th Bundestag 1987–1990 15.4% 80 519 17.8% 1 118 1 663 1
12th Bundestag 1990–1994 20.5% 136 662 21.6% 143 662
13th Bundestag 1994–1998 26.2% 176 672 26.9% 181 672
14th Bundestag 1998–2002 30.9% 207 669 31.7% 211 665
15th Bundestag 2002-2005 32.5% 196 603 33.9% 204 601
16th Bundestag 2005–2009 31.6% 194 614 31.8% 194 611
17th Bundestag 2009–2013 32.8% 204 622 33.4% 207 620
18th Bundestag 2013–2017 36.5% 230 631 37.3% 235 630
19th Bundestag 2017– 30.7% 218 709
1 This includes the 144 additional MPs who were elected by the People's Chamber of the GDR on September 28, 1990 and who joined the German Bundestag with effect from October 3, 1990.

Table 2: Proportion of women in the German Bundestag since 1949 by parliamentary group / parliamentary group

Share of women in the German Bundestag between 1949 and 2016 by parliamentary group; Changes during a legislative period are not taken into account

Unless otherwise indicated by individual records, the following table is based on the work of Michael F. Feldkamp and Christa Sommer Parliamentary and election statistics of the German Bundestag 1949-2002 / 03 from 2003. In principle, the figures can vary due to possible changes in the mandate structure (resignation, death, replacement of MPs) depending on the time of the survey in different sources:

Electoral term CDU / CSU FDP SPD Greens, from 12th WP
B '90 / The Greens 		PDS , from 16. WP
Die Linke 		AfD
Women
%		 number Women
%		 number Women
%		 number Women
%		 number Women
%		 number Women
%		 number
  1st Bundestag 1949–1953 7.7% 11 0% 0 9.6% 13 - - - - - -
  2nd Bundestag 1953–1957 7.6% 19th 5.7% 3 13.0% 21st - - - - - -
  3rd Bundestag 1957–1961 7.9% 22nd 7.0% 3 12.2% 22nd - - - - - -
  4th Bundestag 1961–1965 7.2% 18th 6.0% 4th 10.3% 21st - - - - - -
  5th Bundestag 1965–1969 6.0% 15th 4.0% 2 8.8% 19th - - - - - -
  6th Bundestag 1969–1972 5.6% 14th 6.5% 2 7.6% 18th - - - - - -
  7th Bundestag 1972–1976 6.4% 15th 4.8% 2 5.4% 13 - - - - - -
  8th Bundestag 1976–1980 7.5% 19th 10.0% 4th 6.7% 15th - - - - - -
  9th Bundestag 1980–1983 7.6% 18th 13.0% 7th 8.3% 19th - - - - - -
10th Bundestag 1983–1987 6.7% 17th 8.6% 3 10.4% 21st 35.7% 10 - - - -
11th Bundestag 1987–1990 7.7% 18th 12.5% 6th 16.1% 31 56.8% 25th - - - -
12th Bundestag 1990–1994 13.8% 44 20.3% 16 27.2% 65 37.5% 3 47.1% 8th - -
13th Bundestag 1994–1998 13.9% 41 17.0% 8th 33.7% 85 59.2% 29 43.3% 13 - -
14th Bundestag 1998–2002 18.4% 45 20.9% 9 35.2% 105 57.4% 27 58.3% 21st - -
15th Bundestag 2002-2005 23.0% 57 21.3% 10 37.9% 95 58.2% 32 (100% *) (2 *) - -
16th Bundestag 2005–2009 19.9% 45 24.6% 15th 36.0% 80 56.9% 29 46.3% 25th - -
17th Bundestag 2009–2013 19.0% 45 25.8% 24 39.0% 57 52.9% 36 55.3% 42 - -
18th Bundestag 2013–2017 24.8% 77 - - 42.2% 81 55.6% 35 56.3% 36 - -
19th Bundestag 2017– 19.9% 49 22.5% 18th 41.8% 64 58.2% 39 53.6% 37 10.8% 10

* The only two MPs of the PDS in the 15th electoral term, Petra Pau and Gesine Lötzsch , who moved in via direct mandate , were not granted group status

Currently (since 2017) the proportion of women in three parliamentary groups (Greens, Left, SPD) is significantly higher than the proportion of women in the respective party members, in the FDP it is almost the same and in two groups (CDU / CSU, AfD) it is below the proportion of women in the associated party members.

See also

literature

  • 2020: Torsten Körner : In the men's republic: How women conquered politics. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne February 2020, ISBN 978-3-462-05333-3 (on politicians of all parties who prevailed in the Bundestag during the Bonn Republic; meeting in Scala ).
  • 2003: Michael F. Feldkamp , Christa Sommer: Parliamentary and election statistics of the German Bundestag 1949-2002 / 03. Published by the German Bundestag Public Relations Department, July 31, 2003 ( PDF: 121 kB on bundestag.de).
  • 1997: Gisela Helwig: The way to equality. In: Information on political education . Issue 254: Women in Germany , 1997, Chapter New Beginning , Section Equal Rights .

Web links

Current international situation:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Without naming the author: factual analysis "Men and women have equal rights." Article 3 (2): Legal situation. In: pbnetz.de. Undated, accessed December 8, 2019.
  2. ↑ Christine Dössel: The women's quota in politics: Divide and rule. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . January 27, 2005 ( online at sueddeutsche.de ).
  3. ↑ Hannelore Mabry: Weed in Parliament: The importance of female parliamentary work for the emancipation of women. 2nd, updated edition (reprint). Andreas Achenbach, Giessen / Lollar 1974, p. 44.
  4. ↑ Michael F. Feldkamp , Christa Sommer: Parliamentary and election statistics of the German Bundestag 1949-2002 / 03. Published by the German Bundestag Public Relations Department, Berlin July 31, 2003, p. 16 ( PDF; 121.91 kB on bundestag.de).
  5. ↑ Michael F. Feldkamp: German Bundestag 1994 to 2014: Parliamentary and election statistics for the 13th to 18th electoral term. In: Journal for Parliamentary Issues. Issue 1, 2014, pp. 3–16 ( PDF: 516 kB, 14 pages on zparl.nomos.de).
  6. ↑ Michael F. Feldkamp , Christa Sommer: Parliamentary and election statistics of the German Bundestag 1949-2002 / 03. Published by the German Bundestag Public Relations Department, Berlin July 31, 2003, p. 11 and p. 17 ( PDF; 121.91 kB on bundestag.de).
  7. ^ German Bundestag (archive): Members of the 16th electoral term, composition of women and men. In: bundestag.de. February 6, 2007, accessed on January 13, 2020.
    Note: The percentages were calculated with the strength of the factions mentioned here.
  8. ^ German Bundestag : Members of the Bundestag in numbers. ( Memento from June 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) In: Bundestag.de. Status: June 2011, accessed on January 13, 2020.
  9. ↑ of each MPs in total: 311 (CDU / CSU), 192 (SPD), 64 (Die Linke), 63 (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen); German Bundestag: MPs in numbers: women and men. ( Memento from March 26, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) In: Bundestag.de. Status: October 2013, accessed on January 13, 2020.