Friedrich Karl Ludwig von Below
Friedrich Karl Ludwig von Below (born February 2, 1750 in Nauen , † September 21, 1814 in Trakehnen ) was the state stable master at the main Trakehnen stud .
Life
He was a baptized child of Frederick the Great and grew up in Nauen, where his father, the Prussian Major Martin Friedrich von Below , was garrisoned. His mother was Sophie Friederike, née von Boehn . Before he became Landstallmeister, he went through a military career and joined the Dragoon Regiment "von Pomeiske" as a junker and on March 8, 1770 was appointed second lieutenant . Later he was a prime lieutenant a. D. in the "von Hertzberg" dragoon regiment and Rittmeister . In the end he became a major, but when is unknown.
family
Below married on July 10, 1790 Friederike Charlotte, born Freiin von Stiern (born April 1, 1770 or April 29, 1768, † September 14, 1828 in Königsberg ) from the house of Lugowen, the sister of Major General Friedrich Ludwig Emil Karl von Stiern . The marriage had six children:
- Gustav Friedrich Eugen (1791-1852), Prussian Lieutenant General ⚭ Emma Karoline Friederike Alexandrine von Keyserlingk (born April 26, 1799 - † December 6, 1856)
- Lydia (born June 13, 1792; † September 11, 1880) ⚭ 1810 Friedrich von Wrangel (1784–1877), Prussian field marshal
- Pauline (* July 23, 1795; † February 14, 1865) ⚭ 1832 Ernst Friedrich Fabian von Saucken-Tarputschen (1791-1854), Lord of the Tarputschen
- Mathilde († 1834)
- Karoline (* July 19, 1804; † September 14, 1871) ⚭ 1825 August von Saucken-Julienfelde (1798–1873), Lord of Julianenfeld
- Karl Theodor (born September 11, 1801; † May 11, 1871) Rittmeister a. D. ⚭ 1832 Cäcilie Marie Luise Countess von Dönhoff (* April 8, 1812; † May 9, 1883)
Significance for Trakehner horse breeding
The main purpose of the main stud in Trakehnen was to breed the best state stallions for state horse breeding, that is, to provide the East Prussian state studs with stallions. Below was the head of the Trakehnen Stud between May 1, 1798 and September 21, 1814 as the Landstallmeister. During his term of office, the end of the Prussian feudal state and the defeat of Prussia against the troops of Napoleon I. Below ensured that the reduction in the number of broodmares to 100 heads in 1805, the escape of the main stud in 1806 to Szawlen in Russia and a second in 1812 Times in the area around Racibórz and Troppau in Silesia did not lead to the extinction of Trakehner horse breeding. Prussia lost over 90,000 horses between 1806 and 1813, so horses suitable for breeding were rare. In 1814, the Trakehner stallions could only cover 5000 mares.
It is undisputed that he was instrumental in ensuring that the blood of Spanish and Neapolitan horses found in the breeding mixture was separated out and replaced by blood of English and Arab horses. As a result, Below laid the basis for a uniform Trakehner breeding direction.
literature
- Genealogical manual of the nobility . A, Volume 29, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg / Lahn 1962, p. 41.
- Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of noble houses 1902. Third volume, p. 79f.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldatisches Führertum . Volume 6, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1938], DNB 367632810 , p. 62, no. 1697.
- ↑ Oskar Pusch: von Below, a German family from the Baltic Sea region. Dortmund 1974, p. 482.
- ↑ Oskar Pusch: von Below, a German family from the Baltic Sea region. Dortmund 1974, p. 479.
- ↑ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses 1877. Seventh and twentieth year, p. 855 by Stiern
- ↑ Walther Böhlke: The breeding of the noble East Prussian warmblood horse. Berlin 1938, p. 34.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Below, Friedrich Karl Ludwig von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prussian country stable master at the Trakehnen stud |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 2, 1750 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Nauen |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 21, 1814 |
| Place of death | Trakehnen |