Friedrich Beust

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Friedrich Karl Ludwig von Beust (born August 9, 1817 in Amorbach ; † December 6, 1899 in Zurich ) was a German soldier and a revolutionary from 48 , later a Swiss reform pedagogue .

Life

Beust was the youngest son of the Prussian major Karl Alexander von Beust-von Tubeuf (1773-1856). Growing up in the eastern Odenwald , not far from the Lower Franconian Main town of Miltenberg , he began to be interested in nature at an early age. In 1834, at 17, he joined the Prussian army as an officer candidate . In the 1840s he dealt increasingly critically with the conditions in the Prussian military. Under the influence of the events of 1848, he took his leave and became a determined democrat. Beust took over the editing of the republican " Neue Kölnische Zeitung " for a short time , when its editor Fritz Anneke was arrested, and at the same time he became the commander of the Cologne vigilante group. When the state of siege was imposed on Cologne, Beust fled to Paris via Brussels. In 1849 he took part in the uprising in the Duchy of Baden and, after its failure, flew again from the Prussian troops in Zurich that same year.

Beust immediately became a teacher at the former "Education and Pension Institute of Karl Fröbel ", which he took over in 1854 and ran until 1894 under the name of "Education Institute of F. Beust". He developed the school into a day school with a focus on science. “The fundamentals of educational lessons are based on the idea that nothing is forced upon children, but that they acquire knowledge through their own voluntary work; the need for knowledge is awakened in them and they are guided to the work to be done. ”He emphasized the realistic school subjects with mathematics in the center and an orientation towards the empirical sciences. He published a number of writings on his educational and military principles.

In 1854 he married Anna Emile Lipka (1827–1900), a cousin of Friedrich Engels . They had two sons; Fritz von Beust (1856–1908) took over the school in 1894, Adolf von Beust (1855–1929) became a doctor and practiced in Zurich. Friedrich Beust was a member of the First International from 1866 to 1870 . In January 1871 he received the citizenship of the city of Zurich. In Zurich the Beustweg is named after him. Beust renounced the use of the title of nobility in his name.

Works

  • First textbook for writing and reading lessons: teaching aids from F. Beust's educational institution. Zurich 1861.
  • The real object lesson on the lowest level of size theory. 1865.
  • The real object lesson applied to writing and reading. First part. Read / write book. 1867.
  • Basic features of the organization of a people's army . Zurich, Publishing Magazine, 1867
  • The basic ideas of Pestalozzi and Froebel as applied to elementary and secondary school levels. 1881.
  • The relief in the school. 1881.
  • The educational school trip. 1885.
  • The physical properties of things as the basis of education. 1897.
  • Considerations about taxes and tax law in Zurich. OO, ca.1898.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ludwig Julius Fränkel:  Beust, Friedrich (von) . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 47, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1903, pp. 754-758.
  2. ↑ Friedrich Beust. From the first school program from 1854 . Quoted from: Jürgen Oelkers : Reform pedagogy. A critical story of dogma. 2005, ISBN 3-7799-1525-1 . P. 53.
  3. ^ Markus Bürgi: Friedrich Engels and his relatives Beust in Zurich. Newly found letters and materials on a previously unknown relationship. In: Beatrix Bouvier , Galina Golovina and Gerald Hubmann (eds.): Marx-Engels-Jahrbuch 2006. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-05-004426-2 . Pp. 171-213.
  4. ↑ Family estate in the Zurich City Archives (VII. 388) ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / amsquery.stadt-zuerich.ch
  5. ^ Fritz Osterwalder: Beust, Friedrich [von]. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  6. ↑ Arthur Dürst walk through Züri
  7. ↑ Arthur Dürst walk through Züri
  8. ↑ Friedrich Beust: First textbook for reading lessons. 1861 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  9. ↑ Friedrich Beust: Basic features of the organization of a people's army. 1867, p. 3 ( limited preview in Google book search).
personal data
SURNAME Beust, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Beust, Friedrich Karl Ludwig von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German soldier and revolutionary from 48, later Swiss reform pedagogue
DATE OF BIRTH August 9, 1817
PLACE OF BIRTH Amorbach
DATE OF DEATH December 6, 1899
Place of death Zurich