Friedrich Müller (Linguist)
Friedrich Müller (born March 6, 1834 in Rabenstein , Bohemia , † May 25, 1898 in Vienna ) was an Austrian linguist. The term Hamito-Semitic languages comes from him . He was the older brother of the Hebraist and director of the Graz University Library Alois Müller .
Life
Friedrich Müller first studied Classical Philology at the University of Vienna from 1853 , then Sanskrit and Comparative Linguistics at the suggestion of Anton Boller . In 1859 he received his doctorate from the University of Tübingen , in 1860 he completed his habilitation in Vienna and took over the scientific processing of the linguistic and ethnographic results of the circumnavigation of the Austrian frigate " Novara " (1857-1859). The linguistic part appeared in 1867, the ethnographic part in 1868. Müller thus turned more and more to the illiterate languages, although at first he was primarily an Indo-Europeanist . His general ethnography followed in 1873 and, from 1876 to 1888, a monumental work in 6 sections that is referred to as "his great work": Grundriß der Sprachwissenschaft, in which, after an introduction to linguistics in general, he presents all the languages and linguistic families known at the time World there. This work and Müller's teachings are of great importance for the African and Oceanic languages and, in addition to individual representations, also contain the first comparative representation of the Hamitic languages and their connection with the Semitic languages . In the oceanic area he created an overview of the Polynesian languages . In his treatment of languages, his main focus was on the internal form and the grammatical structure. For the first time, Müller pursued a scientific approach for the illiterate languages. In 1866 he became professor of Sanskrit and comparative linguistics at the University of Vienna. Müller founded the so-called "linguistic ethnography". From 1869 he was a real member of the Vienna Academy of Sciences .
Works (selection)
- Outline of Linguistics . Olms, Hildesheim 2004
- Introduction to Linguistics . ISBN 3-487-12047-X (reprint of the Vienna 1876 edition)
- The language of the simple-haired races . ISBN 3-487-12048-8 (reprint of the Vienna 1879 edition)
- The languages of the curly haired races . ISBN 3-487-12049-6 (reprint of the Vienna 1884 edition)
- Supplements 1877–1887 . ISBN 3-487-12049-6 (reprint of the Vienna 1888 edition)
literature
- M. Mayrhofer: Müller, Friedrich, linguist and ethnographer. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 414 f. (Direct links on p. 414 , p. 415 ).
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Müller, Friedrich (linguist) . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 19th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1868, pp. 348–351 ( digitized version ).
- Maximilian Bittner: Müller, Friedrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, pp. 500-503.
- Rüdiger Schmitt: Müller, Friedrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 378 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Friedrich Müller. In: Heinrich Schnee (Ed.): German Colonial Lexicon. Quelle & Meyer, Leipzig 1920, Volume II, p. 599 ( online ).
Web links
- Literature by and about Friedrich Müller in the catalog of the German National Library
- Works by and about Friedrich Müller in the German Digital Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Deutsche Rundschau for Geography and Statistics No. 15 (1893), p. 470
- ^ Keyword Friedrich Müller. In: Deutsches Koloniallexikon (1920). Retrieved October 29, 2015 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Müller, Friedrich |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian linguist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 6, 1834 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rabenstein , Bohemia |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 25, 1898 |
| Place of death | Vienna |