Friedrich Nork

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Friedrich Nork (actually Josef Ferdinand Friedrich Korn ; born April 26, 1803 in Prague , † October 16, 1850 in Teplitz ) was a German writer.

Life

Zelig Kohn (the author's name Nork is an anagram of the “Christianized” family name Korn , to which Selig or Seligmann corresponds to Friedrich ) was born in 1803 in Prague as the eldest son of the Jewish linen dealer Adam Kohn and Rachel Wiener. At first he was supposed to become a businessman, but when he was already 17 he was accepted into the Prague grammar school. However, because of an epigram on a teacher, he had to leave school and should now devote himself to trade again and work in his father's business.

However, his inclination was writing. In 1828 he published "The Paths to Wealth", a satirical didactic poem in Alexandrians, at his own expense . To an attack by Karl Ferdinand Dräxler (1806–1879) in the magazine Hebe , who called him a “Jew by profession and a writer by handicraft”, he replied sharply in the Berlin Schnellpost für Literatur, Theater und Geselligkeit by calling Dräxler “ Sonetten-Klingler von Handwerk and idlers from Fußwerk “. This was applauded by the editor Moritz Gottlieb Saphir , who invited Nork to work on his Berliner Schnellpost and his Berliner Courier . Soon Korn made numerous contributions to these and other papers under the pseudonym Nork .

Encouraged by such successes, he took his father's permission to attend the Leipzig Book Fair in 1829 as an opportunity to turn his back on Prague and the canvas trade for good. First he worked for the magazine Hebe in Leipzig , where Ludwig von Alvensleben hired him as a sub-editor. Since Nork was not allowed to settle in Leipzig, he lived in Halle . There he converted to Christianity (his parents had since died). He tried to find his livelihood in Halle with a lending library, but could not stay there and began a relatively unsteady life, in the course of which he met different places in numerous places ( Pest , Vienna , Prague, Dresden , Connewitz near Leipzig and Stuttgart ) busy literary work.

These works belong partly to the field of fiction , especially to satire , partly to the field of mythography , religious studies and Judaic studies . Despite his amazing productivity, he was denied general recognition in both areas. The downright hateful article by Richard Hoche in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie or the malicious verses by Friedrich Engels can serve as an example for the evaluation of his religious studies-mythological work :

Friedrich Nork, the greatest poet,
who has ever lived since the world stands,
who writes and lies the most beautiful things,
prove to you from the languages ​​of the Orient,
that you are a donkey, Elias the sun,
because the Orient is bronne of all languages, but
understanding - You will never find that with him,
nor a good knowledge and etymology.

Nork died in 1850 on a trip from Leipzig to Vienna, where he hoped to settle, at the age of 47 in Teplitz. On his mother's side, he was the uncle of the social philosopher Josef Popper-Lynkeus .

Works

  • The ways to wealth. Prague 1828
  • Zeriels, the infernal theater director, journey to the overworld. Leipzig 1830
  • Belial and Astarte, or The Devil's Love. A moral painting of the 59th century after the creation of the world. Based on the original from Hell by the diabolical scholar Rathbi Rimmone Taib, edited in German by F. Nork. Leipzig 1831
  • Panorama of Oven and Pesth or character and moral paintings of the two capitals of Hungary, taken from your own perspective. Leipzig 1833
  • Memoirs of Figaro. Leipzig 1833
  • The selenites or the inhabitants of the moon as they are. From the papers of an air glider. 1834
  • The Jewish Gil Blas . Leipzig 1834
  • The Sabbathian, or The Schöpsenfamilie. Continuation of the Jewish Gil Blas. Leipzig 1835
  • Humorous character painting. Prague 1835
  • Myths of the ancient Persians. As sources of Christian beliefs and rituals. Systematically strung together for the first time according to the individual hints of the church fathers and some newer scholars. Leipzig 1835
  • The procreation of the heavenly bodies, their growth, diet, age and types of death: Proven from the hypotheses of astronomers and physicists. Meissen 1835
  • Bramines and Rabbis, or India, the homeland of the Hebrews and their fables. A piece of evidence for Bible scholars and historians. Meissen 1836
  • Comparative mythology for a closer understanding of many biblical passages. Leipzig 1836
  • The state-owned mixed Jew or life and doings of the noble in Israel. A picture of time. Meissen 1836
  • The prophet Elias, a sun myth. 1837
  • The Talmudist in the elegant world. Leipzig 1837
  • Preschool of Hieroglyphics or The Pictorial Language of the Ancients. Leipzig 1837
  • The Christmas and Easter celebrations: explained from the sun cult of the Orientals - something for the owners of the Strauss script: "The life of Jesus". Leipzig 1838
  • The life of Moses, viewed from the astrognostic point of view. Leipzig 1838
  • The Mystagog or Interpretation of the Secret Doctrines, Symbols and Feasts of the Christian Church. Leipzig 1838
  • Rabbinical sources and parallels to New Testament scriptures. Using the fonts of Lightfoot, Wetstein, Meuschen, Schöttgen, Danz u. A .. Leipzig 1839
  • About fatalism. Or predetermination of human destinies, demonstrated in 222 examples of the existence of the faculty of divination, together with psychological attempts to explain this elevated state of mind. Weimar 1840
  • The existence of spirits and their effect on the sensory world. Weimar 1841
  • Voices from the afterlife or the judgment of the dead in the grave, faithfully retold to the messages of a resurrected apparent death. Weimar 1842
  • Complete Hebrew-Chaldean-rabbinical dictionary on the Old Testament, the Thargumim, Midrashim and the Talmud, with explanations from the areas of historical criticism, archeology, mythology, natural history etc. and with special consideration of the Dicta messiana, as a binding agent for the writings of the old and new covenant. Grimma 1842
  • The gods of Syria: taking into account the latest research in the field of biblical archeology. Stuttgart 1842
  • Biblical mythology. 2 vol., 1842–43
  • Etymological-symbolic-mythological real dictionary for manual use by biblical scholars, archaeologists etc. visual artist . 1843-1845
  • Popular mythology, or doctrine of the gods of all peoples. 10 parts in 5 volumes, Stuttgart 1845
  • by Friedrich Kork: The festival calendar, containing: The meaning of the signs of the month, the origin and transformation history of natural festivals into church festivals; Description of the customs occurring on them and interpretation of their symbols; Characteristics of the martyrs and heroes of faith with word and sword who were venerated on the 366 days of the leap year; Interpretation of many miracle storytellers, etc. Stuttgart, 1847, publisher of the editor, Leipzig: Expedition des Klosters
  • Mythology of folk tales and folk tales. A representation of their genetic development. Stuttgart 1848
  • Emperor Nicolaus the First against the public opinion of Europe to correct immature judgments about Russian diplomacy and government policy. Weimar 1848
  • The vampire bride or the effects of the evil eye. From the Hungarian by Köröshazy Ferenz by F. Nork. Leipzig 1849
  • The divine right of kings and the prerogatives of the nobility: asserted against the modern reformers of the state; along with explanations about the genesis of the formula: “By God's grace” and the mystical meaning of the anointing ceremony of secular and spiritual rulers. Weimar 1849
  • The manners and customs of the Germans and their neighboring peoples. With reference to the myths and folk tales that arose from ecclesiastical, superstitious and legal customs. Stuttgart 1849
  • Hints of a system of mythology developed from the priestly mystery and hierology of the ancient Orient. Leipzig 1850

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. See Karl Goedeke: Grundrisz for the history of German poetry. Vol. 10. Dresden 1913, p. 629.
  2. The pseudonym was necessary because the Austrian censorship did not allow any participation in foreign magazines.
  3. ^ Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels Complete Edition, Dept. 3: Correspondence, Vol. 1: Karl Marx / Friedrich Engels: Correspondence to April 1846, Friedrich Engels to Friedrich Graeber, before April 24 to May 1, 1839 , p. 121
  4. ^ Ingrid Belke:  Popper-Lynkeus, Josef. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 628 f. ( Digitized version ).