Friedrich Ernst Husemann

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Friedrich Ernst Husemann
Memorial plaque at the headquarters of IG Bergbau, Chemie, Energie in Bochum
Memorial plaque on the square of the same name in downtown Bochum

Friedrich (Fritz) Ernst Husemann (born September 19, 1873 in Leopoldstal (Lippe) ; † April 15, 1935 in Sögel ) was a trade unionist, chairman of the Association of Mining Industry Workers in Germany from 1919 to 1933, member of the Prussian state parliament from 1919 to 1924 and member of the Reichstag for the SPD from 1924 to 1933.

Life

Husemann grew up in poor circumstances and began an apprenticeship as a stonemason at the age of 14 , but soon switched to the mason profession . He learned the mason trade in Bega and moved to Bielefeld in 1891 . Initially, Husemann was an active supporter of the liberal progress party , but joined the SPD in Bielefeld on May 1, 1891, after having previously joined the (free) masons' union. Fritz Husemann had lived in the Ruhr area since 1892 , was a colliery mason and miner in Dortmund , later in Bochum, and joined the free- trade union miners' organization .

After the miners 'strike of 1893 , Husemann became more involved in the mining industry workers' association . Initially, he volunteered for the party and trade union, among other things as a house cashier, and was involved in founding an educational association and a workers' choir. Between 1894 and 1895 he lived again in Leopoldstal , where he initiated the establishment of the local SPD association in 1895. Then he went back to the Ruhr area where he worked as a miner again after his military service in Annen .

In 1900 Husemann became a full-time representative of the miners' association in Dortmund. In 1902 he became a full-time union employee in the Bochum union headquarters. In 1905 he became chairman of the miners' association in the Bochum district. As early as 1903 he was elected to the board of the entire miners' association and in 1911 as deputy chairman. In 1920 he became chairman and board member of the Miners International. In 1915 he was drafted as a soldier, but already released in 1916 because he had to solve business and wage issues in the Ruhr area.

In November 1918 Husemann became chairman of the Bochum workers 'and soldiers' council. From 1919 to 1924 he was a member of the Prussian state parliament and, as Otto Hue's successor, was a member of the German Reichstag from May 1924 to 1933 . From 1919 he was also a city councilor in Bochum and in 1924 was a member of the supervisory board of the Rheinisch-Westphalian coal syndicate in Essen . He kept his residence in Bochum until his death .

Fritz Husemann was temporarily arrested by the SA on March 11, 1933, along with many other Bochum Social Democrats, and released without notice on May 2, 1933 after the occupation of the miners' association in Bochum. Up until July 3, 1933, he was arrested several times and interrogated by the police. Although the American Miners' Association advised him to emigrate, he refused. He also maintained illegal union ties and represented miners' union employees who had been dismissed (unsuccessfully).

On March 18, 1935, he sued the German Labor Front for compensation payments. Fritz Husemann was then arrested again in the Bochum police prison on the same day and transferred to the Esterwegen concentration camp on April 13, 1935 . One day after his arrival, the concentration camp crew shot him in the stomach while attempting to escape. He died the following day of peritonitis in the Sögel district hospital.

The cremation ceremony in Dortmund and the burial in Bochum at the end of April 1935, in which over 1,000 people took part, were impressive demonstrations for Husemann's personal popularity, but also for the cohesion of the free-trade union miners' movement.

Commemoration

Memorial plaques on the Reichstag

One of two central squares in downtown Bochum and the former Bochum office building is named Fritz Husemann House after Fritz Husemann. Likewise, one main street each in Gelsenkirchen and Witten . Since 1992 one of the 96 memorial plaques for members of the Reichstag murdered by the National Socialists has been commemorating Husemann in Berlin near the Reichstag .

Afterlife

His grandson was the long-time Frankfurt police chief and Hessian government president Knut Müller .

literature

  • Helga Grebing :  Husemann, Fritz. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , p. 83 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Wolfgang Jäger: Fritz Husemann - The miner's guide. In: Bernd Faulenbach u. a. (Ed.): Social Democracy in Transition. The district of Western Westphalia 1893–2001. Essen 2001, pp. 144–146.
  • Michael Ruck : Husemann, Friedrich Ernst (1873-1935) , in: A. Thomas Lane et al. (Ed.): Biographical Dictionary of European Labor Leaders . Vol. 1. Westport, Ct./London 1995, ISBN 0-313-29899-8 , pp. 434 f.
  • Martin Schumacher (Hrsg.): MdR The Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation, 1933–1945. A biographical documentation . 3rd, considerably expanded and revised edition. Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-5183-1 .
  • Shot while trying to escape. Fritz Husemann-Lippe migrant worker and German miner leader , in: Heimatland Lippe , February 2012, pp. 36–38.
  • Louis Paul Lochner : What about Germany , London 1942, p. 49 ff.
  • Karin Jaspers / Wilfried Reinighaus: Westphalian-Lippian candidates in the January elections 1919. A biographical documentation , Münster: Aschendorff 2020 (Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia - New Series; 52), ISBN 9783402151365 , pp. 98f.

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Ernst Husemann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen Boebers-Süßmann: IG Bergbau was administered in the trade union building. In: derwesten.de. April 24, 2016, accessed January 13, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Husemann, Friedrich Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Husemann, Fritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German trade unionists and politicians (SPD)
DATE OF BIRTH September 19, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Leopoldstal (Lippe)
DATE OF DEATH April 15, 1935
Place of death Sögel