Soccer variants
Football variants are modifications of the popular and widespread football game , but they are less known and less noticed.
Variants as a team game on two goals
Five-a-side football
The five-a-side football game has established itself in smaller areas outdoors. A German small-field soccer association has drawn up rules and organizes competitions; it is a member of the international Soccaverband .
Beach soccer
Beach soccer is played on beaches or on clay courts. It has been played for over 40 years. World championships are held in Brazil every year. The Brazilian world champion Romário first played beach soccer and only then "normal" football.
Blind football
Blind football is football played by blind people. With largely the same rules, the blind players orient themselves to the sighted goalkeepers giving the commands, the coaches, the guides posted behind the goals and the rattling ball.
Wheelchair soccer
In wheelchair football, people with different physical disabilities play against each other in teams. A distinction can be made between the variants of the e-wheelchair soccer and the wheel soccer. E-wheelchair football is already played on the international stage and at tournaments organized by FIPFA. The first German e-wheelchair soccer team was founded in 2014.
Football without a loser
With this variant, the player who scores a goal automatically changes teams. This weakens the winning team and strengthens the losing team. There is a certain balance in the goal difference. The specific teams lose their importance as a result - winning and losing takes a back seat to the fun of the game. This variant is said to be common in Malaysia. The report on this variant is attributed to Bruno Manser .
Indoor soccer
One version of football is indoor football . The variant of football that takes place in sports halls differs from field football in that it has a significantly smaller playing area and the perimeter borders. This makes the game faster and with more goals. The first world-famous indoor football tournament was organized in 1956 by 1. FC Pforzheim . After the DFB initially strictly prohibited this sport, this opinion was changed in 1958, and the then DFB President Bauwens even took over the patronage. Since the 1970s, indoor soccer has been played across the board, especially among young people and amateurs in Germany. In school sports, indoor football is often an area in the sports subject. Later, the clubs of the first and second soccer league discovered indoor soccer as the ideal way to bridge the winter break. When indoor football was booming in the 1980s and was seen more and more often on television, the DFB decided to hold its own competition, the Indoor Masters. Since the deadline pressure and the marketing pressure for the clubs at the end of the nineties increased and the winter break was shortened, the DFB stopped the indoor championship in 2000. In Austria there are several indoor soccer tournaments during the winter break, with the one in Vienna receiving the greatest attention.
Futsal
The described development in indoor soccer only occurred in Germany and Austria, in other countries, however, futsal , a variant of indoor soccer without boards, became more popular. Meanwhile, the DFB is also thinking about including futsal as a competition in Germany. Futsal is generally played with five players on handball goals with a slightly smaller ball. Futsal has its origins in South America , where the football variant has been played since the 1950s. In 1989, futsal was added to FIFA as an additional competition. In November 2004 the fifth world championship was held in Taiwan . Futsal is particularly widespread in South America, Southern Europe and Eastern Europe. Spain has its own professional league with 16 teams. In the German-speaking countries, however, the sport is largely unknown. German professional referees are used as futsal referees in the K-League in South Korea.
Robot soccer
Another version of soccer is robot soccer . Robot soccer is the implementation of the well-known team game soccer for mobile intelligent robots. Important international competitions are the RoboCup, as well as the world championship organized by the Federation of International Robot-Soccer Association (FIRA). The RoboCup is the original initiative. FIRA is a resulting splinter. RoboCup's long-term goal is to beat the human world champion in an ordinary soccer game by 2050. This goal, the date of which certainly seems a bit arbitrary, mainly serves to align current research priorities.
Shrovetide
The Royal Shrovetide Football , officially called the Royal Shrovetide Football, is an annual to carnival held football title game in Ashbourne, Derbyshire in the UK . It has been going on since around the 12th century. With a length of three miles, the pitch is arguably the longest football pitch in the world. Two stone pyramids (formerly two water mills) have served as gates since 1996.
Variants with only one gate
9 Ball / One Touch
9-ball is a variant of football that is mostly played on smaller sports fields or football fields. The 9-ball is all about shooting the ball into the goal with just one touch. Otherwise, the same rules apply as for "high ball", so that the goalkeeper is allowed to go out after a missed shot by the attacker and the shooter takes the place of the goalkeeper. The variant is called "9 months" in Austria and Switzerland.
Cubbies
Cubbies is an English game played with a soccer ball on a goal. A teammate has to declare himself a goalkeeper and the rest of them group in pairs. One pair is eliminated in each round.
High ball
Hochball is another form of football that is played primarily by young people on football fields. The aim of the game is to score goals by direct decrease (volleyball or headers). There are no official competitions.
Mini World Cup
WM is a variation on Cubbies. No pairs are formed here, but everyone plays for himself - everyone against everyone. Here, too, a goal is played and a teammate has to declare himself a goalkeeper. The game is also divided into rounds. The player who has not scored a goal in a round is eliminated. The number of players is reduced by one player from round to round until only two players remain to determine the winner among each other in the last round.
Other forms
Three sided football
The Danish artist Asger Jorn developed in the 1960s as part of his philosophical reflections to overcome the dialectic the Triolektik and designed to illustrate the three-sided football with three teams on a hexagonal pitch. Contrary to the usual way of playing, the categories “friend” and “enemy” are constantly changing, opponents can join forces for a short time, cooperation , spontaneity and communication are required . In the 1990s, minor leagues for tripartite football existed in Italy, Germany, France, Great Britain and the USA.
English soccer
A ball-free variation on the game of soccer is English soccer , but it is more of a skill game than a team game.
Footvolley
This game is played according to similar rules as beach volleyball, whereby the ball may be touched with all parts of the body except arms and hands. The tee shot is behind the baseline, with the ball resting on a small sand hill; 2 players each form a team. This demanding sport, in which a ball touches the ground immediately leads to a point, requires technically excellent players in both teams. This sport is also very attractive for the observer, as spectacular technical actions are often necessary to gain points or to avoid losing points, and the players themselves also show a certain infatuation with technical games. This sport is popular in Brazil.
Soccer on the computer
Various soccer computer games simulate the sport with animated soccer players - the best-known and best-selling games are FIFA and Pro Evolution Soccer . The soccer simulation games offer the player the opportunity to play soccer virtually: The player controls the players on the field on the computer . Both FIFA and Pro Evolution Soccer are recognized e-sports disciplines, contained. There are also games in which the focus is not on the actual football simulation, but on the management of a virtual team or a club, for example football managers or the kick-off series.
Soccer tennis
Another variant of soccer is soccer tennis . Even though there is an official association and a world championship, football tennis is largely unknown. It is played over a net, the field is much smaller than in football and only two, four or six players compete against each other. It is often used as a training method for “real football clubs”.
Foosball
Table football, also known as table football (in Austria jigsaw puzzle), is a game of skill that is based on the outside of the real football game. Each side operates four rotatable rods with their hands, single or double, with 11 players (also called puppets) on each side. As in real football, the goal is to shoot the white ball into the goal. Formerly declared as "pub sport", the sporting level and acceptance as a sport is continuously increasing thanks to various organizations.
swell
- ↑ Website of the German Small Field Football Association , accessed on November 7, 2018.
- ↑ site soccafederation , accessed on November 7 2018th
- ↑ "Resist yourself! The book of acts ”by Werner Pieper was published by the publishing house 'Der Grüne Zweig 137' in 1990