Götz Kilian

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Stumbling stone in front of the former home of the Götz Kilian family, Heidekrugstraße 67. (With the wrong year of birth sic!)

Götz Kilian (born October 7, 1892 in Kassel ; died August 8, 1940 in Hamburg-Eppendorf ) was a German communist , bookseller , city councilor in Köpenick and a victim of the Köpenick Blood Week .

Life

Götz Kilian was born in Kassel in 1892. After completing his training, he trained as a publisher and bookseller. In 1923 he moved to the Elsengrund settlement ( Berlin-Köpenick ) with Liddy Kilian , who had been a KPD member since 1919 and had worked for several years in the party headquarters in the Karl-Liebknecht-Haus . This settlement was hated by the National Socialists because of its residents - social democrats, communists, trade unionists. Both spouses were elected to the Köpenick district council assembly on the KPD lists. While Liddy campaigned for the unemployed and for women's rights, Götz became a city councilor and citizens' deputy for art and culture. He was a member of the school committee for higher education institutions, the deputation for arts and education and the committee for the election of honorary officials. With Edwin Hoernle and others, Götz Kilian founded the publishing house “Neues Dorf”, which distributed communist literature on the agricultural issue. He set up labor bookshops in Weissenfels and Halle. In 1925 Kilian was arrested for high treason because of the publication of a pamphlet by Heinrich Rau on the 400th anniversary of the Peasants' War and charged with but not convicted before the State Court. Later he headed the publishing house for Russian agricultural sciences and the Agis publishing house .

The Kilians ran for local elections on March 3, 1933: commercial clerk Liddy Kilian took second place and publisher Götz Kilian took 14th place on the KPD list. The KPD received 6 mandates, which, as is well known, were declared invalid by the Nazis - from the Reichstag to the smallest municipal council. He was arrested on March 5th, the day of the Reichstag election . Eleven house searches followed. The three Kilians' children often had to spend the night away, "because they were no longer safe at home or because the parents could not return when the SA had surrounded the house again." On June 20, Kilian was released. According to the certificate, he should go into protective custody if he is arrested again.

In Köpenick, the SA planned a major action against political opponents. The "Sturmbann 15" under the leadership of the "Sturmbannführer" Herbert Gehrke had set up its headquarters in the administrative building of the Koepenick district court prison. A briefing of all the SA leaders in Köpenick took place there on the night of June 20-21, 1933. Under SA storm leader Friedrich Plönzke , Paul von Essen , Götz Kilian and others were abducted to the SA bar "Seidler" on the morning of June 21, 1933. There was brutal torture there.

The SA did not fear any punishment or investigation that would criminalize their actions.

In 1950 the daughter Isot Kilian reported to the Berlin regional court: “When we arrived there, we were standing across from this restaurant on Uhlenhorster Strasse. We saw how one comrade or friend after another was delivered and dragged in by SA men. Some SA men were standing in front of the bar. One of them called out to my mother: 'Oh, Frau Kilian, it's good that you come yourself, then we don't have to fetch you!' I started yelling again. And that roar was probably the only reason they didn't drag my mother into the bar, like so many I liked and appreciated, who were familiar to me. We waited a long time until the train of the beaten was led out of the restaurant, back then on June 21, 1933, and they had to go to the old Köpenick prison (where we are sitting here today) with the last of their strength. We followed the train at some distance. […] After a few days my father came back home. He lay long. The pipes to his kidneys had been broken through! One kidney was broken immediately. "

In 1934 the family moved to Hamburg to face further persecution. But in 1938 Götz Kilian was arrested again by the Gestapo. Two years later, on August 8, 1940, he died in the Eppendorf Hospital in Hamburg from the consequences ( uremia ) of the abuse inflicted by the SA in June 1933.

Commemoration

literature

  • Rudolf Hirsch : The Koepenick Blood Week. From the courtroom (pdf, 20.3 MB) reports on the “Trial against Plönzke and others” in the Daily Rundschau from June 6th to July 20th, 1950, p. 22.
  • Judgment of the 4th Large Criminal Chamber in the Plönzke u. a. (Köpenick Blood Week) 1933 . Berlin Regional Court, Berlin 1950
  • Kilian, Götz . In: Resistance in Berlin against the Nazi regime from 1933 to 1945. A biographical lexicon . Volume 4. Trafo-Verlag, Berlin 2002. ISBN 978-3-89626-354-4
  • Active Museum Association (ed.): Put in front of the door. Berlin city councilors and magistrate members persecuted under National Socialism from 1933 to 1945 . Active Museum Association, Berlin 2006. ISBN 978-3-00-018931-9
  • Ditte von Arnim: Brecht's last love. The life of the Isot Kilian . Transit Buchverlag, Berlin 2006. ISBN 3-88747-215-2
  • Heinrich-Wilhelm Wörmann: Resistance in Köpenick and Treptow . German Resistance Memorial Center, Berlin 2010, pp. 28, 33, 36. (= Series of publications on the resistance in Berlin from 1933 to 1945. Volume 9) ISBN 3-926082-03-8 . Digitized
  • Stefan Hördler (Hrsg.): SA-Terror as security of rule: “Köpenicker Blutwoche” and public violence under National Socialism . Metropol, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3863311339 .
  • Yves Müller (Ed.): Civil War Army. Research on the National Socialist Sturmabteilung (SA) . Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2013, p. 171 ff. Table of contents
  • When the Nazis smashed the labor movement in Berlin . In: Der Tagesspiegel from June 20, 2013. Digitized

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The year "1891" is also occasionally given. Upon request from the Coordination Office Stolpersteine ​​Berlin, Dr. Silvija Kavcic on March 13, 2017 with: “Thank you very much for your attentive inquiry. I did some research and I got the impression that the stumbling block is wrong. "
  2. ↑ Yves Müller: "Look, there is your father!" Early Nazi terror: The "Köpenicker Blood Week" began 85 years ago. Victims and perpetrators were neighbors. In: Der Tagesspiegel , June 21, 2018, p. 23.
  3. ↑ Yves Müller: "Look, there is your father!" Early Nazi terror: The "Köpenicker Blood Week" began 85 years ago. Victims and perpetrators were neighbors. In: Der Tagesspiegel , June 21, 2018, p. 23.
  4. ↑ Heinrich Rau: In the struggle for freedom. A battle story of the farmers of Württemberg. To commemorate 400 years of the Battle of Böblingen . New Village Publishing House, Berlin 1925.
  5. ^ Ingo J Hueck: The State Court for the Protection of the Republic . JB Mohr, Tübingen 1996, p. 179. (= contributions to the legal history of the 20th century . Volume 16)
  6. ↑ Yves Müller: "Look, there is your father!" Early Nazi terror: The "Köpenicker Blood Week" began 85 years ago. Victims and perpetrators were neighbors. In: Der Tagesspiegel , June 21, 2018, p. 23.
  7. ^ Heinrich-Wilhelm Wörmann, p. 24.
  8. ↑ “How much the SA felt itself to be a state within the state was shown by the reaction of the SA leadership to the investigative proceedings initiated against SA man Herbert Gehrke because of the attacks on Ms. Jankowski in March 1933. A Oberführer Schwarz dismissed on May 11th 1933 Gehrke not to obey a corresponding summons. "(Heinrich-Wilhelm Wörmann, p. 41.)
  9. ↑ The Kilian family.
  10. ^ "Kilian, G. Pensioners, Nienst. Marktplatz 21 ”. ( Hamburger Adressbuch 1935, p. 185-1 and Hamburger Adressbuch 1940, p. 1746.)
  11. ↑ Yves Müller: "Look, there is your father!" Early Nazi terror: The "Köpenicker Blood Week" began 85 years ago. Victims and perpetrators were neighbors. In: Der Tagesspiegel , June 21, 2018, p. 23.
  12. ↑ Signature 12 S 358: Berlin State Library and Signature D II 15: Neuengamme Concentration Camp Memorial.
personal data
SURNAME Kilian, Götz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German communist, bookseller, city councilor in Köpenick and victim of the Köpenick blood week
DATE OF BIRTH October 7, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH kassel
DATE OF DEATH August 8, 1940
Place of death Hamburg-Eppendorf