Double degree
The terms multiple study , double study , parallel study and multiple enrollment in Germany refer to the parallel study of different study programs , each with its own degree at one or two different universities. It is to be distinguished from a second degree , which is started after a first degree has already been completed . However, the handling of the double degree differs in each federal state and from university to university. The framework conditions for this are in the higher education law of the respective federal state.
As a rule, multiple studies, multiple enrollments, double studies or parallel studies must be applied for and justified. If another degree is to be completed as a second degree course in distance learning , these entry barriers often do not apply.
background
In Germany, you can generally be enrolled at two or more universities at the same time ( "multiple matriculation" ), provided the courses are different. This also applies to international universities, i. H. Colleges or universities in different countries. In this form, only a so-called regular undergraduate degree can be used as a reference for services under the Federal Training Assistance Act (BAföG) or for the semester ticket. The student membership rights are only exercised at one university; further studies are assigned the status of second student .
Types of multiple enrollments
In contrast to a guest auditor who is not enrolled as a regular student, who takes part in courses, but does not provide evidence of performance and therefore does not receive any academic performance, the following types of multiple matriculations offer the opportunity to have the performance from such a degree recognized . Two or more university degrees can also be obtained through double or parallel studies .
Double degree
The double degree is the enrollment ( matriculation ) as a "double student" at one and the same university in two different courses with different degrees.
Parallel study
The parallel study is the enrollment as a "course second student" at two different universities in two different courses with different degrees.
The " second student " does not exercise any student membership rights (e.g. AStA ) at the college or university that gives him the status of second student .
Guest study
The guest study is the time-limited enrollment of a student as a "guest student" who is already enrolled as a regular student at another university . These are often study visits to another country.
The visiting student does not exercise any student membership rights (e.g. AStA ) at the host university . The guest study does not lead to your own university degree, but it may be possible to receive a certificate of credit points at the end of the courses taken, which are recognized at your own university. Whether this is possible should be clarified in advance in each individual case.
The advantage of visiting students is that there is no need for an agreement between your own and the host university. Most universities accept visiting students.
The difference between a visiting student and an exchange student is that the tuition fees for the latter are covered by an exchange program as part of a study abroad .
Legal situation
In Germany
In the case of admission-free ( NC- free ) courses, you can usually complete a double degree at each university, mostly across universities. In the case of courses with restricted admission, the university often requires additional requirements; a precise breakdown of what is regulated in the respective national law can be found in the following table:
| state | Double degree possible | Double degree possible across different universities | Reference d. respective country regulation | Extract from the respective university law |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baden-Württemberg | Yes, if necessary | Yes, in exceptional cases | Section 60 (1) LHG | "Enrollment as a student or as a student (matriculation) [...] usually only takes place at one university. [...]
Enrollment in two or more courses with restricted admission is only permitted if this is necessary for special professional, scientific or artistic reasons. " |
| Bavaria | Yes, if you are interested | no regulation | Art. 42 para. 2 sentence 4 BayHSchG | "Enrollment in two or more restricted-admission courses is only permitted if there is a special professional, scientific or artistic interest in studying simultaneously in the restricted-admission courses." |
| Berlin | Yes, if it makes sense | no regulation | Section 14 (2) BerlHG | "He or she can only be enrolled for a second restricted admission course if this makes sense with regard to the study objective and if it does not exclude others from the first course." |
| Brandenburg | no regulation | no regulation, but permitted within Brandenburg / Berlin | Section 14 (2) BbgHG | "If applicants are already enrolled in a course or part of a course at another university in the state of Brandenburg or at a university in the state of Berlin, they declare at the matriculation at which university they want to exercise their membership rights." |
| Bremen | Yes, if it makes sense | only for university collaborations | Section 34 (1) BremHG | “You can only matriculate for a further course of study if this makes sense with regard to the course objective and this does not exclude other applicants from the course. As part of university collaborations, students can also be enrolled at several universities. " |
| Hamburg | Yes, in justified exceptional cases | Yes, in justified exceptional cases | Section 36 (2) of the HmbHG | “In justified exceptional cases, [students] can be enrolled for a further course of study (double course), even if the further course is being completed at another university; a proper implementation of the two courses must be guaranteed. " |
| Hesse | no regulation | no regulation | - | - |
| Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | no regulation | no regulation | - | - |
| Lower Saxony | Yes | Yes, in exceptional cases | Section 19 (1) sentence 1 NHG | "Upon their application, those eligible for university entrance are enrolled in one or more courses and generally only at one university." |
| North Rhine-Westphalia | Yes, if necessary | no regulation | Section 48 (1) & (2) HG | "A student applicant is enrolled for one or more study programs if he or she can provide evidence of the necessary qualifications and other admission requirements and there is no obstacle to enrollment. [...]
A university applicant can only be enrolled for several courses of study for which there is an admission restriction with a selection procedure that excludes applicants from the first course if this is necessary because of a course combination prescribed for the professional qualification. " |
| Rhineland-Palatinate | Yes, if absolutely necessary | no regulation | Section 67 (1) HochSchG | "If the number of admissions has been determined, the registration is based on the content of the notification of admission; Enrollment for more than one course is only permitted if simultaneous studies in the different courses are absolutely necessary for a desired professional qualification or for scientific or artistic reasons. The right of students to attend courses in courses for which they are not enrolled remains unaffected, provided that the course of the enrolled students is not impaired. " |
| Saarland | Yes, if necessary | no regulation | Section 79 (2) SHSG | “You can also enroll for several courses of study; If there are admission restrictions that exclude applicants from the first degree, then a applicant can only be enrolled for these at the same time if this is necessary because of a combination of courses required for the professional qualification or if the requirements for a second degree are met. " |
| Saxony | Yes, in exceptional cases | Yes, only if it is expedient | Section 18 Paragraph 1 && Paragraph 2 No. 5 SächsHSFG | “As a rule, enrollment is only for one course. The university regulates the details by way of regulations. [...]
A student applicant is to be denied enrollment in a course if he is already enrolled at a German university and parallel studies are not appropriate for the study objective. " |
| Saxony-Anhalt | Yes, in exceptional cases | no regulation | Section 29 (5) sentence 1 HSG LSA | "As a rule, enrollment takes place for a course." |
| Schleswig-Holstein | Yes, if you are interested | No | Section 38 Paragraph 3 & Paragraph 4 HSG | “Students can only be enrolled in two or more restricted-admission courses if they have a particular professional, scientific or artistic interest in studying simultaneously in the restricted-admission courses. [...]
Students can only be enrolled at one university. If the chosen course of study requires simultaneous study at several universities, the student enrolls at one university and receives the status of visiting student at the other university or universities. " |
| Thuringia | Yes, if NC-free | no regulation | Section 65 (1) sentence 2 ThürHG | "Simultaneous enrollment in a further course of study is only permitted if other applicants are not excluded from the course." |
In Austria
Double or multiple studies are possible at universities and colleges in Austria, for which there are no further entry barriers apart from the normal subject-specific admission requirements. The number of courses studied (in Austrian terminology, studies ) is not limited.
Other states
In Italy it is forbidden to enroll at the same time in different universities and colleges, in different faculties or departments of the same university or college, or in different courses or diplomas in the same faculty or department. The Directive 2005/36 / EC on the recognition of professional qualifications obligated Italy, according to a ruling by the European Court of Justice to recognize tracks that have been issued in another Member State at the end of part simultaneously trainings completed.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Regulations of the ETH Zurich as an example , accessed on November 7, 2017
- ^ Karl Krückl: Doctor too quickly? Italy has to accept Innsbruck double studies. In: diepresse.com. December 7, 2018, accessed December 7, 2018 .
- ↑ Recognition of the double degree in human medicine and dentistry? In: press release, juris.de. December 6, 2018, accessed December 7, 2018 .
- ↑ Case C-675/17 Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 6 December 2018
