Engeldamm building 62–64
| Trade union building since 2000 residential and commercial building |
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| Data | |
| place | Berlin |
| architect | Reimer & Körte |
| Construction year | 1899-1900 |
| Floor space | 1320 m² |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 30 '20.9 " N , 13 ° 25' 16.9" E |
| particularities | |
| The base is U-shaped. In 1907 an extension was added and a second transverse building was built; multiple conversions |
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The Engeldamm 62–64 building in Berlin-Mitte was opened in 1900 as the first trade union building in Germany. The architects of the house were Konrad Reimer and Friedrich Körte . The building is a listed building monument and has been used as a residential and commercial property since the beginning of the 2000s.
history
Union headquarters and hospital
The enormous growth of industry towards the end of the 19th century, also in Berlin, led to the establishment of trade unions to represent the interests of workers and craftsmen. These interest groups needed administrative facilities. The trade union building described here was built on behalf of the trade union house GmbH for the 92 Berlin free trade union associations not organized in central unions as an administration and conference center. It also contained guest rooms, kitchens, a bathhouse and homeless quarters. Advice centers and the central proof of work were also housed here. The complex was built from 1899 to 1900 at Engelufer 15. Before that, the trade union house GmbH had its headquarters at Invalidenstrasse 118. The construction was largely initiated and financed by Leo Arons , of whom a plaque next to the entrance to the building commemorates him.
A few years later, an extension was added along the Engelufer, for which a simple four-story house was demolished. The extension, inaugurated in March 1907, in an adapted architectural style with arched doors and windows, was also given an exposed brick facade, a three-axis structure and an additional floor. This enabled other individual unions and other organizations to move to Engelufer, such as the proof of work for all metal professions (moved from Charitéstraße), the Schneider Health and Support Association and others. Apparently the house also offered company apartments for managing directors, a machinist and a businessman.
According to the Berlin address book , in 1917 the ensemble of buildings, which consisted of the main building, two side wings and two transverse buildings, had the following users: the Central Workers' Secretariat , the Berlin Trade Union Commission, the General Commission of the German Trade Unions , the main board of the associations the hairdressers and coppersmiths, the international trade union confederation , the editorial offices of various trade union newspapers, the association and labor certificates for around 20 trades (from asphalters to potters and carpenters ). There was also the bookbinder's central health insurance, a cigar factory and a publishing bookstore .
During the First World War the building is said to have served as an emergency hospital, but this was not reflected in the address book. After that, union administrations and organizations moved in again. Because of further buildings along the Engelufer, the Berlin administration renumbered all the parcels, the union building now had the address Engelufer 24/25, the users had not changed significantly. The initiator of the union building, Martin Leo Arons, was buried in the courtyard of the house after his death in 1919. After the National Socialists seized power and as a result of the occupation of the house in May 1933, the grave was leveled because Arons had been a social democrat , a supporter of the trade union movement and a Jew .
In 1930 the following users are specified for the building complex: Afa-Ortskartell des Anarbeiterbund (Ortskartell Berlin), Berlin Trade Union School, German Building Trade Association, German Transport Association , Gau administration of the factory workers' association, headquarters of the free trade union youth , the "Kewag" (boiler cleaning institute of the publishing company German machinists and stokers ) as well as the local committee of the ADGB . The house itself was also available to union members as a hostel.
After the unions were smashed in 1933, the German Labor Front (DAF) , among others, legal advice and the Nazi war victims local group Luisenstadt used the house. Since around 1934 the building has been called "House of German Labor"; the users hardly changed.
From 1936 the former trade union building was owned by the "Verbandshaus-GmbH", in which there was now the central office of the German Labor Front with the Gau Auslands, the local group for war victims and 10 "Reichsbetriebsgemeinschaften" (the unions were banned at this time; these communities ranged from banking and insurance to construction, printing to community transport and public enterprises).
Engelufer street was named Engeldamm in 1937, and the parcels and buildings were given new house numbers. Since then, the union ensemble has had the address Engeldamm 62–64.
In 1940, the property management of the German Labor Front (DAF) was the owner of the house, and it also housed the Labor Science Institute of the DAF and the Gauwaltung Berlin. It remained that way officially until 1943 (the last year of digitally available Berlin address books).
During the Second World War , parts of the building were once again used as an emergency hospital. The first transverse building was badly damaged towards the end of the war and later removed .
From mid-1945, when many public buildings and parts of the Charité in Berlin city center were destroyed by the war, the Berlin magistrate officially operated the house as the Berlin-Mitte City Hospital. In 1965, Heinz Sokolowski was transported to this hospital after gunshot wounds while attempting to escape over the Berlin Wall , but died on the way there. The building remained a hospital until German reunification in 1990. After that, other medical facilities in the Mitte district took over the care of the population.
Re-uses
After 1990 the Institute for Tropical Medicine Berlin moved in and stayed there until 1997. Since then, this Senate facility has been located at Charitéplatz 1 in the Charité . The listed building on Engeldamm was then sold by the Liegenschaftsfonds to Konzept Bau GmbH, Munich. She had the architecture and engineering company kba Berlin carry out drafts and renovations. Up until the year 2000, high-quality condominiums and an extension for commercial use were built on the courtyard side. An underground car park with 53 parking spaces was set up under the inner courtyard .
architecture
The complex is an unplastered brick ensemble with some neo-Gothic facade elements such as arched windows, pilasters with decorative turrets and a stepped gable. The five-storey, seven-axis main building with two side wings and transverse buildings is horizontally structured by ribbon-shaped white plaster strips. The three-axis extension from 1907 is clearly set apart from the original structure by its design, both in terms of the facade and the windows and building heights. It is very likely that this side wing was planned and executed by the same architects.
On the white plaster strip between the third and fourth floors of the first completely symmetrical building there was originally the lettering "Union House". A relief above the archway, made of sandstone, shows two empty heraldic shields connected by a garland of flowers.
Because of its nested building parts and the borrowing of design elements from the North German brick Gothic, the first managing director of the union building, Johannes Sassenbach , also called the complex “Red Castle”.
The transverse building, newly built in 1999/2000 in the courtyard, takes up the facade design with bricks, otherwise it is kept in modern forms. The stepped south-facing balconies across the entire width of the house are remarkable.
On the ground floor of the union building there was a large hall with a ribbed vault , which was used as a dining room or for meetings.
Web links
Individual references and footnote
- ↑ Engeldamm 62/64 monument, trade union building, 1899–1900 by Reimer & Körte, extension in 1907
- ↑ Engel-Ufer 15> union building . In: Address book for Berlin and its suburbs , 1900, III, p. 141.
- ^ Union building before 1907; still without side attachment
- ↑ Engel banks 15> Gewerkschaftshaus . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1907, III, p. 184.
- ↑ Engel banks 15> Gewerkschaftshaus . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1917, III, p. 206.
- ↑ Engelufer 24/25 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV, p. 231.
- ↑ The term “administration” was probably borrowed from Old German by the National Socialists. It is contained in the still used “switching and ruling ” as a synonym for ruling or leading.
- ↑ Engeldamm 24/25> union building . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1930, IV, p. 237.
- ↑ Engeldamm 24/25> union building . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1934, IV, p. 200.
- ↑ Engel banks 24/25> House of German labor . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1935, IV, p. 203.
- ↑ Engelufer 24/25> Association House . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1937, IV, p. 205.
- ^ Engeldamm 62–64> Building without a name> DAF asset management . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1940, IV, p. 201.
- ↑ Engeldamm 62–64: Städtisches Krankenhaus Berlin-Mitte according to a private patient file from 1950 that was viewed by User: 44Pinguine .
- ^ GDR victims and opponents of the regime ; Retrieved Oct. 31, 2014.
- ↑ Website of the architects and engineers kba Berlin on Engeldamm 62–64 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Retrieved Oct. 31, 2014.
- ↑ Frank Eberhardt: The red castle on the Engelufer . In: Berlin in Detail , Issue 4/1993, pp. 61–63.
- ↑ postcard union house Engel Ufer 15 in 1900: Great Hall
