Forked mask snail
| Forked mask snail | ||||||||||||
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Nabeled mask snail ( Causa holosericea ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Causa holosericea | ||||||||||||
| ( Gmelin , 1788) |
The Genabelte mask screw ( Causa holosericea ) is a terrestrial snail species from the family of Helicid (Helicidae).
features
The housing is thick, disc-shaped with 4.5 to 5 turns when the animal is adult. The turn is only slightly lifted from the plane. It measures approximately 5 to 6 × 9 to 12 mm. The whorls are arched and form a clear seam; they are only increasing slowly. The end turn forms an edge just below the top (about 1/3 seen from the top), the bottom is flattened. At first it is only slightly lowered towards the mouth. Only the last quarter or fifth drops more sharply. The umbilicus is relatively wide and deep and reaches 1/5 to 1/4 of the total diameter. The mouth is at an oblique angle to the spiral axis; the back protrudes. It is roughly square with rounded corners. The mouth edge is relatively sharp on the outside, thickened with lipped lips on the inside; the lip is white. Two to three rounded triangular teeth protrude into the mouth, one tooth from the outer edge and one to two teeth from the lower edge. On the outside behind the muzzle, shallow pits are developed that correspond to the teeth on the inside.
The housing is brown to reddish brown and opaque . The outside shows fine, somewhat irregular growth stripes. It is very finely grained and densely covered with short, stiff, curved hair. If the hair falls off or is scraped off, it leaves fine scars. The animal is dark gray to blackish gray, the top is usually a little darker than the sides.
Geographical occurrence and habitat
The Barbed Mask Snail occurs in the Alps and in the Swiss Jura , in a few isolated locations in the low mountain ranges of Germany ( Bavarian Alps , Bavarian Forest , Ore Mountains , Franconian Switzerland , North Franconian Jura ), in the Czech Republic ( Bohemian Massif , Northern Carpathians ), in the Slovak Ore Mountains ( Vepor Mountains ) and in the Polish low and high mountains ( Sudetes , Tatras ). There is also an occurrence in western Belarus .
It lives mainly in moist coniferous forests with rocky subsoil, often on soils poor in lime, in rubble with rotting wood, but also on stony, grassy slopes and between rocks. It usually lives in the middle and high mountains at altitudes between 1000 and 2000 m above sea level; in Switzerland the highest occurrence is at 2800 m.
Way of life
Little is known about the way of life. According to Ewald Frömming, the animals did not eat fresh plant material under laboratory conditions, but the fruiting bodies of various fungi.
Systematics and nomenclature
The species is often ascribed to Samuel Emanuel Studer in the literature , e.g. B. Fechter & Falkner (1990), Kerney et al. (1983) and Bogon (1990). Johann Friedrich Gmelin also appears frequently with the year 1791. However, the species had already been published in 1788 by Johann Friedrich Gmelin under the name Helix holosericea . Later the species was usually placed in the genus Isognomostoma as Isognomostoma holosericeum .
Danger
The species is listed as critically endangered in Saxony's Red List (level 2). In Bavaria the species is classified in level 3 (endangered).
swell
Individual evidence
- ^ Samuel Emanuel Studer: Systematic directory of the Swiss conchylia that have become known up to now. Bern, Stämpfle, 1820 Online at archive.org
- ^ Johann Friedrich Gmelin: Caroli a Linné, systema naturae. Tom. I. Pars VI. - pp. 3021-3910. [Lipsiae / Leipzig]. ([GE Beer]) [1788]. (P. 3641) UB of the Humboldt University, branch library Museum für Naturkunde - historical collections
- ↑ Red List of Mollusks of Saxony (PDF)
- ↑ Bavaria's Red List of Endangered Snails and Clams (Mollusca) (PDF)
literature
- Klaus Bogon: Land snails biology, ecology, biotope protection. 404 p., Natur Verlag, Augsburg 1990 ISBN 3-89440-002-1
- Rosina Fechter and Gerhard Falkner: molluscs. 287 pp., Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1990 (Steinbach's Nature Guide 10) ISBN 3-570-03414-3
- Ewald Frömming: Biology of the Central European Landgastropods. 404 p., Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1954.
- Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983 ISBN 3-490-17918-8
On-line
Web links
- Causa holosericea inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Neubert, E., 2011. Retrieved February 16, 2014.