Hairy gorse

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Hairy gorse
Hairy gorse (Genista pilosa)

Hairy gorse ( Genista pilosa )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Gorse ( genista )
Type : Hairy gorse
Scientific name
Genista pilosa
L.

Hairy gorse ( Genista pilosa ), also known as heather gorse or sand gorse , is a species of plant in the subfamily of butterflies (Faboideae) within the legume family (Fabaceae).

description

Illustration from Flora Batava , Volume 7
Branch with leaves and flowers
Stems with silky-haired leaves.
Flower: the wings are arched outwards and do not lie against the shuttle.
The flag is hairy on the outside.

Vegetative characteristics

The deciduous, densely bushy dwarf shrub - leaning against rocks, also espalier shrubs - has prostrate to ascending branches and reaches heights of up to 30 centimeters. The younger twigs are round and closely hairy, the older ones are longitudinally striated and knotty and thornless.

The alternately arranged leaves are individually on the long shoots, otherwise in clusters. The leaf blades, which are up to 1 centimeter long and 4 millimeters wide, are lanceolate oval and folded along the midrib. The dark green leaf blades are densely hairy on the underside.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to August. The flowers are single or up to three in the leaf axils of the previous year's shoots. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a length of up to 1 centimeter and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five petals are golden yellow.

The approximately 2.5 centimeters long legumes have fine, thin hairs on the seams. The fruit ripens from July.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.

Occurrence

Genista pilosa has its distribution focus in Western, Central and Southeastern Europe . In Germany it occurs mainly in the north and west and is absent south of the Danube.

The preferred locations are sunny, dry, warm, lime-free borders of bushes and forests as well as heaths and rough meadows. The hairy gorse is considered a pointer plant for acidic soils . In Central Europe it is a type of character of the Genisto pilosae-Callunetum, occurs more rarely in the Vaccinio-Callunetum and is a character type of the Genistion pilosae association. It can also occur in societies of the Quercenion robori-petraeae or the Festuco-Brometea class.

Common names

For the hairy gorse the other common German names exist : Hasenbarm ( Göttingen ), Lütte Heidkraut ( Mecklenburg ), Maipfriemen, Ringheide ( Württemberg in der Baar ) and Thierheide.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 584.
  2. ↑ Distribution information in the Euro + Med PlantBase , accessed on February 5, 2016
  3. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, p. 126. ( online ).

literature

  • Bruno P. Kremer: Shrub trees. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11478-5 .

Web links

Commons : Hairy Gorse ( Genista pilosa )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files