Georg Heinrich Wolf von Arnim

Georg Heinrich Wolf von Arnim

Georg Heinrich Wolf von Arnim (born July 18, 1800 in Niederplanitz ; † October 9, 1855 ibid) was a German ironworks and mining entrepreneur and manor owner on Planitz.

Life

youth

He comes from the Planitz branch of the von Arnim dynasty and was the eldest son of the Merseburg canon Carl Christoph III. von Arnim auf Planitz, Voigtsgrün, Irfersgrün, Crossen and Groß Milkau and his second wife Johanna nee von Möllendorff . After the early death of the father on February 23, 1812, his property fell to the widow, the three underage sons and the first-wedded daughter, Caroline Louise, married von Böhlau. On November 3, 1814, these settled the assignment of the claims of the mother and half-sister in favor of the three brothers in an inheritance settlement. At the age of 16 Heinrich von Arnim received a mining training and in 1820 began studying at the Freiberg Mining Academy .

Working as a mining company

After they came of age, the brothers shared the property. Heinrich received Planitz, Hans Carl (1802–1857) Kriebstein and Friedrich Henning (1804–1885) the knights of Crossen near Döbeln and Groß Milkau . In a purchase concluded on November 21, 1828 and confirmed by King Anton on May 7, 1830 , Heinrich and Hans Carl gave their shares in the Crossen hereditary and allodial property to their brother Friedrich Henning.

The brothers owned the von Arnimsche coal works in Planitz , which Heinrich von Arnim took over in 1830. In 1836 he had a steam engine built in the coal works. This was followed by a coking plant with 48 beehive ovens , which was the largest in the Zwickau coal field . A little later Heinrich von Arnim recognized the locational advantages of his rule for iron smelting and in 1838 was a co-founder of the Saxon Iron Company. Planitz coal and Cainsdorf lime could be used to smelt the iron ore extracted at Stenn . In doing so, he initiated the transition from iron production, which had previously been dominated by the hammer mills on the Ore Mountain rivers, to fuel-powered industrial operations that were independent of the often seasonal fluctuations in hydropower . From small reel shafts, the modern, efficient Arnim coal works emerged under his management: In 1839 the company founded the Königin-Marien-Hütte in Cainsdorf , of which Heinrich von Arnim became the director. However, contrary to the expectations of the von Arnim brothers, the Saxon Iron Company initially proved to be an economic failure. To prevent bankruptcy, the brothers leased the Queen Mary's Hut themselves for five years in 1843. In the following year Heinrich von Arnim introduced puddling and rolling mill operations in the smelter . After the lease expired, the brothers bought the ironworks as a family property in 1848. The Arnims encountered recurring economic difficulties by founding the von Arnimschen Berg- und Hüttenverwaltung in 1851, in which they took over 88% of the shares .

Social and cultural benefits

The establishment of a miners ' fund speaks for a certain social vein , which brought civil servants and long-term workers certain advantages and provided them with something secure. This and long-standing regional mining traditions may have contributed to the fact that the Planitz miners, as so-called master slaughterers, developed a special pride in their miners' class. He had a pronounced preference for representative mountain parades . Following exact stage directions, on special occasions he had his various shaft and hut crews march at the castle for a parade with music and torchlight. In addition, he had neat parade clothing made with the black cloth smock and the high mountain hat, on which the six-inch-high feathers in Arnim red and white were emblazoned above the five-lobed Meißnian wall crown. Even his unskilled workers had uniform smocks. He had also founded his own band, known as the Trumpeter Corps.

At the same time Heinrich invested in new means of transport and enabled the construction of the Zwickau – Cainsdorf railway line . As a promoter of technical innovations, he supported Ernst August Geitner in his project to build a greenhouse over the Planitz coal fire.

In the years 1833/34 , 1836/37 , 1839/40 , 1851/52 and 1854/55 Heinrich von Arnim was a member of the first chamber of the Saxon state parliament as a representative of the Erzgebirge district .

In a settlement concluded on June 17, 1854 about the Planitz manor, Heinrich von Arnim was entitled to an eternal and non-terminable usufruct of two thirds of the Planitz coal mountain, although this right was granted to the male descendants after death. On May 9, 1855, together with his brother Friedrich Henning, he acquired all the property of the Saxon Ironworks Company, including their mines, by assignment.

On October 9, 1855 at 2:15 PM Heinrich von Arnim died of dropsy . His widow Isolde took over the management of the family business with the support of his brother Friedrich Henning. In 1856 Heinrich's share was transferred to his sons Alexander Joseph Karl Bernhard and Achim Arno.

Heinrich von Arnim was married twice; first with Julie von Beust and in second marriage with Isolde zur Lippe-Weißenfeld (1821-1880). His grave is in the so-called Arnimfriedhof behind the castle church of Schloss Planitz between that of his two wives.

literature

• Carl Schiffner : From the life of old Freiberg mountain students , Verlag E. Mauckisch, Vol. 1 Freiberg 1935, p. 217

Web links

• Biography: Heinrich v. Arnim (PDF file; 3.3 MB)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Sächsisches Staatsarchiv- Bergarchiv Freiberg , 40196 Family Archives von Arnim No. 552 Attestation of the Adelig Arnimschen Courts zu Planitz v. March 4, 1816
2. ^ Sächsisches Staatsarchiv-Bergarchiv Freiberg, 40196 Family Archives von Arnim No. 202 Copy of the confirmation document about the sale of Crossen
3. ↑ Supplementary data from www.vonarnim.com (PDF; 3.3 MB)
4. ^ Sächsisches Staatsarchiv-Bergarchiv Freiberg, 40196 Family Archives von Arnim No. 561 Comparison of the manor Planitz
5. ^ Sächsisches Staatsarchiv-Bergarchiv Freiberg, 40196 Family Archives von Arnim No. 109 Recognition certificate of the Adelig Arnimschen Courts in Planitz
6. ^ Sächsisches Staatsarchiv-Bergarchiv Freiberg, 40196 Family Archives von Arnim No. 215 Obituary notice by Isolde von Arnim
7. ^ Sächsisches Staatsarchiv-Bergarchiv Freiberg, 40015 Bergamt Schneeberg No. 1382 Kaufbuch 1835–1856