Georg Schmückle

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Georg Schmückle (born August 18, 1880 in Esslingen am Neckar , † September 8, 1948 in Stötten am Auerberg ) was a German lawyer and writer . During the National Socialist era, the public prosecutor wrote historical novels, plays and poetry in which he idealized the Führer principle .

Life

Schmückle spent his childhood alternately in San Remo , Silvaplana and Backnang , then after the death of his father moved back to Esslingen, where he attended the Georgii-Gymnasium and passed his Abitur there in 1900. Schmückle studied law in Tübingen and Heidelberg , where he received his doctorate in 1907 and then embarked on a legal career in the civil service. During his studies he became a member of the Germania Tübingen fraternity in the winter semester of 1901/1902 , from which he left in 1940.

As captain of the reserve he fought in World War I, but was transferred to the war archives at the end of 1917 due to mental disorders. Financially independent by marrying a Cannstatt factory owner's daughter in 1915, he left the judicial service in 1920 and devoted himself to his life as a writer.

From 1919 to 1921 he edited the monthly “Der Schwäbische Bund” together with Hermann Missenharter . In 1921, according to his own statements, his first work "Lights over the path" was published.

He caused a stir in 1924 with a nationwide scandal when he criticized the artistic director of the Stuttgart State Theater for singing the Marseillaise at a performance of Büchner's " Dantons Tod " in writing because of the occupation of the Ruhr area for "violating national honor". This procedure, which was followed by an insulting process up to the Reichsgericht, in which Schmückle was acquitted, gave him reputation in National Socialist circles.

With his greatest literary success, "Engel Hiltensperger" from 1930, Schmückle turned out to be a writer who, in the form of a historical novel, conveyed the entire arsenal of National Socialist ideology: apocalyptic sentiment , ethnic ideology, social Darwinism , leadership cult and expectation.

Since 1931 Schmückle was a member of the NSDAP and state chairman of the nationalist , anti-Semitic Kampfbund for German culture . After the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists, he became regional director of the Reichsschrifttumskammer Württemberg-Hohenzollern and representative of Württemberg in the regional association of German writers. As cultural advisor to the Reichsstatthalter von Württemberg , Wilhelm Murr , Schmückle became director of the Schiller National Museum in Marbach am Neckar in 1939 and - also until 1945 - chairman of the Swabian Schiller Association , which was officially renamed the German Schiller Society after the war .

In total, Schmückle wrote over 20 books that were very successful in National Socialist circles, and were widely read and honored. These dealt mainly with "anti-individualism, national community thinking, anti-intellectualism, heroization of the German character, mythization of the Middle Ages and peasantry".

After the end of the war he was imprisoned in the Moosburg camp in Bavaria as part of the denazification policy in the American occupation zone . On April 1, 1947, he was released for incapacity to imprison and died less than 2 years later on September 8, 1948, not far from his Schmalzgrub estate near Stötten am Auerberg at the age of 68.

His writings Mein Leben (1936), Zeitliches und Ewiges were published in the Soviet occupation zone . Die Schaffende Freud, die Schaffende Leid (1940), Gesammelte Werke (only Volume 6, 1940) and The Red Mask (1944) put on the list of literature to be discarded. In the German Democratic Republic , there were also his works on the golden cord (1935) and O du Lieb in allen Winden (1940).

Georg Schmückle was the father of the Bundeswehr General Gerd Schmückle and the set designer Hans-Ulrich Schmückle .

Honors

Works

  • Howitzers ahead! (1923)
  • The Big Pan's Shell (1923)
  • The creative Freud (1925)
  • Lights over the way (1929)
  • Angel Hiltensperger. The novel of a German rebel (historical novel from the time of the peasant wars, 1930)
  • The red mask (1933)
  • Charles IX of France (1933)
  • Demons Above Us (play, 1934)
  • On the golden cord. Songs of Yesterday and Today (1935)
  • Angel Hiltensperger. Drama (1935)
  • My life. A chat about the career of a poet (1936)
  • Hyacinth bite worm or the game of the Swabian who ate the liver (1937)
  • Vittoria Accorombona (1938)
  • Temporal and Eternal (1939)
  • The riddle of Anton Brück and other stories (1940)
  • O love in all winds (1940)
  • Collected Works , Vol. 1–6 (1940)
  • The wonder. Legend Game (1940)
  • The singing land. A Song About Ellen (1940)
  • Nero and Agrippina (1941)
  • Heinrich, König und Kaiser (historical novel about Emperor Heinrich IV., 1942)
  • Henry IV (1943)

literature

  • Jürgen Hillesheim , Elisabeth Michael: Lexicon of National Socialist Poets. Biographies - Analyzes - Bibliographies. Königshausen and Neumann, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-88479-511-2 .
  • Helmut Vallery: leaders, people and charisma. The National Socialist historical novel . Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1980, ISBN 3-7609-5055-8
  • Frank Westenfelder: Genesis, problems and effects of National Socialist literature using the example of the historical novel between 1890 and 1945 . Lang, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 1989, ISBN 3-631-40732-7
  • Georgia Hauber: Art. Georg Schmückle . In: From Weimar to Bonn. Esslingen 1919–1949. Accompanying volume for the exhibition in the Old Town Hall and at eleven locations in the city from May 15 to August 18, 1991. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1991, pp. 475–477.
  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 617–618.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Museums in Esslingen am Neckar: 52x archive. Retrieved December 14, 2018 .
  2. ^ Georgie Hauber: Georg Schmückle . In: From Weimar to Bonn. Esslingen 1919–1949 . Esslingen 1991, p. 475-477 .
  3. ↑ Georg Schmückle: My youth . In: Georg Schmückle (Ed.): Collected works . tape 6 . Stuttgart 1944.
  4. ^ Vienna, Wednesday March 26th. Evening paper . In: New Free Press . No. 21387 , March 26, 1924, p. 2 .
  5. ^ A b Ernst Klee : The cultural lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 534.
  6. ↑ For the background to this appointment, which is provided with a “generous salary and pension entitlement”, but externally declared as an honorary position, see p. Michael Ruck: Corps Spirit and State Consciousness. Civil servants in the German southwest 1928–1972. R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich 1996, ISBN 3-486-56197-9 , p. 116 f. ( online )
  7. ^ Michael Kienzle, Dirk Mende: Notes on the Stuttgart theater scene after 1933 . In: Contemporary history project (ed.): Stuttgart in the Third Reich. Adjustment, resistance, persecution. The years 1933–1945. Exhibition catalog . Stuttgart 1984, p. 171 .
  8. ↑ StAL EL 904/5 Bd 13 Bl. 2531v-2532r .
  9. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1946-nslit-s.html
  10. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1947-nslit-s.html
  11. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1948-nslit-s.html
  12. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1953-nslit-s.html
  13. ↑ Schwäbisches Heimatbuch 26 (1940), p. 120.
  14. ↑ From the Federation for Homeland Security to the Swabian Homeland Federation: A New Beginning? Retrieved December 14, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Schmückle, Georg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and writer
DATE OF BIRTH August 18, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Esslingen am Neckar
DATE OF DEATH September 8, 1948
Place of death Stötten am Auerberg