George Hetzel

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Self-portrait, 1850

George Hetzel , also Georg Hetzel (born January 17, 1826 in Hangviller , Moselle department , † July 4, 1899 in Allegheny City near Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania ), was an American landscape , portrait and still life painter from the Düsseldorf School .

Life

Hetzel, one of five children of the German-speaking couple Georg Hetzel (* 1798) and Catharina Siegrist (* 1790), was born in Lorraine . His family immigrated to the United States when he was two years old. There she settled in Allegheny City near Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania), where he attended school and was apprenticed to a sign and decoration painter. After his apprenticeship, he designed the interiors of river steamers and bars in Pittsburgh. In October 1847 his father, who had recognized his talent, sent him to Düsseldorf , where Hetzel studied at the art academy until 1849 . A classmate at this time was the German-American Emil Foerster . At that time, Düsseldorf's Academy was one of the most sought-after training centers for American painters in Europe. The painter Trevor McClurg (1816–1893), who was then working in Pittsburgh and a friend of the German-American painter Emanuel Leutze , who worked in Düsseldorf , had also studied there. Karl Ferdinand Sohn and Rudolf Wiegmann , perhaps also Johann Wilhelm Preyer , were Hetzel's teachers in Düsseldorf.

After his return to the United States, which he had brought forward because of revolutionary events in Düsseldorf , he painted the self-portrait from 1850 using the chiaroscuro technique, which was the trademark of many of his pictures. In Pittsburgh, Hetzel opened a studio on Fourth Street . From the late 1850s he focused on landscape painting, painting scenes in the style of Asher Brown Durand in western Pennsylvania . In 1866 - during this time he was a drawing teacher at the Pittsburgh School of Design for Women - he came through the village of Scalp Level on a fishing trip he took with lawyer John Hampton and painter Charles Lindford to the Allegheny Mountains . He found the place and its surroundings so picturesque that in the following summer he convinced a group of artists and friends to follow him there. In the next few years the place established itself as a summer resort and colony of the Scalp Level Painters , including painters like Clarence Johns, Jasper Lawman, Trevor McClurg, the brothers Alfred S. Wall and William C. Wall, Charles Lindford, Joseph Woodwell, and later AF King, Martin B. Leisser, Horatio S. Stevenson, Lila B. Hetzel, George Layng, Olive Turney, A. Bryan Wall, Bessie Wall, John Wesley Beatty, EA Poole, Laura Rinehart, Agnes Way, and Annie Henderson. In 1881 the industrialist Henry Clay Frick Hetzel's painting Woodland Stream , laying the foundation for the later famous Frick Collection . In 1883, Hetzel founded the Pittsburgh Art School together with John Wesley Beatty .

JJ Gillespie & Wonderly Galleries exhibited his paintings in Pittsburgh . In 1864 he sent 27 of his paintings to the Great Sanitary Fair , which was held in Allegheny City's Old City Hall . Between 1865 and 1882 he exhibited at the National Academy in New York City, and until 1891 at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts . In 1876 he was represented in Philadelphia at the Centennial Exhibition , in 1893 at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, and from 1896 at Carnegie International in Pittsburgh. In 1901, two years after his death, the Carnegie Museum of Art in Pittsburgh honored him with a memorial exhibition.

family

Portrait of the daughter Lisa B. Hetzel, 1894

In 1860 Hetzel married Marie Louise Siegrist, also the child of immigrants from Lorraine, with whom he fell in love during a study trip to Lewistown, Pennsylvania. In 1864 they moved from Allegheny City, where they had initially lived with Hetzel's parents, to Sewickley, Pennsylvania. In Pittsburgh-Edgewood, Hetzel bought a piece of land on Washington Street in 1870 to build a two-story single-family home. There, his wife gave birth to their sons James, Charles and Frank and their daughter Ella as the fifth child, Lila. In 1880, 17-year-old Charles and 14-year-old Ella Hetzel were killed in a railroad accident. Lila Barr Hetzel (1873-1967) later became a well-known painter. In 1910 she was the initiator of the Associated Artists of Pittsburgh . Against her father's wishes, she had studied painting at the Pittsburgh School of Design for Women . In April 1898, she moved with her parents and two brothers to a house near Somerset, Pennsylvania known as Hetzel Studio . At that time Somerset developed into a summer artist colony .

Works (selection)

On the Conemaugh (On Conemaugh ) , 1866
A Fowl Hanging on a Door , 1876
Forest Scene with Mother and Child , 1877
Rocky Inlet, Maine (Rocky Bay in Maine) , 1883

While his early work was strongly influenced by the Düsseldorf School of Painting and the Hudson River School , the Barbizon School and French Impressionism shaped his work in later years .

  • Self-portrait , 1850
  • Boy on a White Horse at Edge of Pond , around 1860
  • Still Life with Trophy of Game , 1865
  • On the Conemaugh , 1866
  • Farm at Scalp Level , 1866 or later
  • Pennsylvania Mountain Stream , 1868
  • Fishing Near Shade Run Furnace , 1869
  • Boy Fishing in Mountain Stream, Mifflin County , 1869
  • Rocky Gorge , 1869
  • A River Landscape , around 1870
  • Fishing on the Brandywine near Wilmington , 1872
  • Pennsylvania Landscape , 1873
  • Appalachian Landscape with Figure Carrying a Syche , 1875
  • A Fowl Hanging on a Door , 1876
  • Horseshoe Bend , around 1876
  • Forest Scene with Mother and Child , 1877
  • Farm with Grazing Cattle on the Conemaugh , 1879
  • Woodland Stream , 1880
  • Rocky Inlet, Maine , 1883
  • Hen and Drake Mallard , 1883/1884
  • Corduroy Road , 1887
  • Fishing on the Conemaugh , 1891
  • Portrait of Lila B. Hetzel , 1894
  • Portrait of Miss Helen Leslie Myers (Mrs. William Allen) , 1894/1895

literature

  • Dorothy Kantner: George Hetzel. Mountain Artist . In: Journal of the Alleghenies , 8, 1972, pp. 14-16
  • Donald A. Winer: George Hetzel, landscape painter of western Pennsylvania . In: The Magazine Antiques , 108, November 1975, pp. 282-285
  • Lauretta Dimmick: George Hetzel (1826–1899) . In: John P. O'Neill (Ed. Et al.): American Paradise. The World of the Hudson River School . The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 1987, ISBN 0-87099-496-4 , pp. 266–268 ( Google Books )
  • Paul A. Chew: George Hetzel and the Scalp Level Tradition . University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh / PA 1994, ISBN 978-0-93124-125-3

Web links

Commons : George Hetzel  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hetzel, Georges , website on the genealogy of George Hetzel in the portal henri.engels.pagesperso-orange.fr , accessed on September 2, 2015
  2. ^ Judith Hansen O'Toole (Westmoreland Museum of American Art), cf. Articles in the web links
  3. ↑ Bettina Baumgärtel, Sabine Schroyen, Lydia Immerheiser, Sabine Teichgröb: Directory of foreign artists. Nationality, residence and studies in Düsseldorf . In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Hrsg.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting and its international impact 1819–1918 . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9 , Volume 1, p. 432
  4. ^ Paul A. Chew: George Hetzel and the Scalp Level Tradition . University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh / PA 1994, ISBN 978-0-93124-125-3
  5. ↑ Jaclyn LaPlaca: Somerset County. Pride Beyond the Mountains . Arcadia Publishing, Charleston / SC 2003, ISBN 0-7385-2452-2 , p. 19 ( Google Books )
  6. ^ About the Scalp Level artists . Website in the portal thestonycreek.com , accessed on September 2, 2015
  7. ^ Gabriel Weisberg et al .: Collecting in the Guilded Age. Artistic Patronage in Pittsburgh, 1890–1910 . Pittsburgh 1997, pp. 56, 132
  8. ↑ Thomas Cushing (Eds. Et al.): History of the Allegheny County, Pennsylvania . Part II, Chicago 1889, p. 350 ( Google Books )
  9. ↑ Thomas Cushing, p. 350
  10. ↑ Sean Naccarelli: Let's Learn About: Lila Hetzel . Article from March 11, 2010 in the post-gazette.com portal , accessed on September 2, 2015
  11. ↑ Donald L. Haggerty, Susan J. Illis: Biographical Sketch of the Hetzel-Kantner Families . Website from summer 2001 in the digital.library.pitt.edu portal , accessed on September 2, 2015
  12. ↑ Woodland Stream , 1880 , website in the artsunlight.com portal , accessed on September 2, 2015
personal data
SURNAME Hetzel, George
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hetzel, Georg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American landscape, portrait and still life painter from the Düsseldorf School
DATE OF BIRTH January 17, 1826
PLACE OF BIRTH Hangviller , Moselle department
DATE OF DEATH 4th July 1899
Place of death Allegheny City near Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania