Scalp level

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Scalp level
Scalp Level (Pennsylvania)
Scalp level
Scalp level
Location in Pennsylvania
Basic data
Foundation : 1835
State : United States
State : Pennsylvania
County : Cambria County
Coordinates : 40 ° 15 ′  N , 78 ° 50 ′  W Coordinates: 40 ° 15 ′  N , 78 ° 50 ′  W
Time zone : Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 )
Residents : 778 (as of 2010)
Population density : 457.6 inhabitants per km 2
Area : 1.7 km 2  (approx. 1 mi 2 ) of
which 1.7 km 2  (approx. 1 mi 2 ) are land
Height : 540 m
Postal code : 15963
Area code : +1 814
FIPS : 42-68104

Scalp Level is a borough in Cambria County , Pennsylvania , United States , 12 kilometers southeast of Johnstown on the county's southern border, where it is directly adjacent to the boroughs of Paint and Windber in Somerset County . Scalp Level was founded in 1835, received borough status in 1898 and has a population of 778 (according to 2010 census ).

history

growth of population
Census Residents ± in%
1900 450 -
1910 1424 216.4%
1920 1690 18.7%
1930 1875 10.9%
1940 1950 4%
1950 1756 -9.9%
1960 1445 -17.7%
1970 1353 -6.4%
1980 1186 -12.3%
1990 1158 -2.4%
2000 851 -26.5%
2010 778 -8.6%
Source: United States Census

At the end of the 19th century, the Berwind-White Coal Mining Company began to buy up land in northern Somerset County and southern Cambria County to mine the coal deposits of the Allegheny Mountains . The small village of Scalp Level was the only settlement on the southern border of Cambria County at the time. In 1897, the town of Windber was founded in the neighboring Paint Township of Somerset County by the Berwind-White Coal Mining Company , and coal mining began in the region . Therefore, at the turn of the century, many immigrants from Europe settled there who worked in the mines. This resulted in a strong population increase in Scalp Level, Paint and Windber, where it was most pronounced.

Historic Districts

Much of the historic founding houses in Windber and Paint (Somerset Counties) as well as Scalp Level were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991 as the Windber Historic District (NRHP #: 91001705).

In 1992, the houses of the miners and numerous buildings of the mine complex Eureka Mine No. 40 in Scalp Level and the adjacent Richland Township in Cambria County listed as Berwind-White Mine 40 Historic District in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP #: 92000392).

Scalp level painter

Farm at Scalp Level
George Hetzel (ca.1860)

The painter George Hetzel (1826–1899), who was born in France and immigrated to the United States, came to the Scalp Level area in the 1860s and was so fascinated by the landscape that he befriended painters and colleagues at the Pittsburgh School of Design for Women encouraged people to travel to the area in the summer months, which subsequently resulted in several well-known landscape paintings by the so-called Scalp Level Painters .

literature

  • Mildred Allen Beik: The Miners of Windber: The Struggles of New Immigrants for Unionization, 1890s – 1930s. Penn State Press, 2006, ISBN 978-0-271-02990-0 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pennsylvania: 2010, Population and Housing Unit Counts. US Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration, 2012. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  2. ^ Census of Population and Housing 1790-2010. US Census Bureau. Retrieved February 7, 2015.
  3. ^ Mildred Allen Beik: The Miners of Windber: The Struggles of New Immigrants for Unionization, 1890s-1930s. Penn State Press, 2006, pp. 11-25.
  4. ↑ Gerald M. Kuncio: Windber Historic District - National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. United State Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1991.
  5. ↑ Gerald M. Kuncio: Berwind-White Mine 40 Historic District - National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. United State Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1992.
  6. ^ John K. Howat, Metropolitan Museum of Art: American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 1987, ISBN 978-0-87099-497-5 , pp. 266-268.
  7. ↑ SCENIC VIEWS: Painters from the Scalp Level School Revisited. Traditional Fine Arts Organization, 2008. Retrieved February 7, 2015.