Gerhart B. Ladner

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Gerhart B. Ladner (born December 3, 1905 in Vienna , Austria-Hungary , † September 21, 1993 in Los Angeles ) was an Austrian-Canadian medievalist and art historian .

life and work

Gerhart Ladner was the son of the manufacturer Oscar Leopold Ladner and Alice Burian. After attending the Federal High School in Döbling , he studied medieval history, art history and archeology at the University of Vienna from 1924 to 1930 . From 1927 to 1929 he took part in the 36th training course of the Institute for Austrian Historical Research (IÖG). He then went to Paul Fridolin Kehr in Berlin as an assistant to the Monumenta Germaniae Historica until 1931 . The art historian Julius von Schlosser - Ladner's doctoral advisor - and the archaeologist were involved in his doctorate on Italian painting in the 11th centuryEmil Reisch was involved, and Ladner's other teachers were Karl Maria Swoboda , Josef Strzygowski , von Baldass, Hans Hirsch , Oswald Redlich , Alfons Dopsch , Bauer, Karl Bühler , Heinrich Gomperz , Moritz Schlick and Robert Reininger . Subsequently, he mainly dealt with iconography : he paid special attention to portraits of the popes, to which his first major work was dedicated. In doing so, he traced both the ideas depicted in the portraits and the underlying portraiture.

After “ Hitler had seized power in Germany and parliamentary democracy had been destroyed in Austria ” ( Ladner , German: “Hitler's seizure of power and the destruction of parliamentary democracy in Austria”), Ladner converted to Catholicism in 1933; a step that he later justified: “ I could already foresee the triumph of Nazism and the loss of my home country. I then strongly felt the desire for another kind of belongingness and community, not political, but religious. "( Ladner , German:" I could already foresee the triumph of National Socialism and the loss of my homeland. At that time I felt a strong desire for a different kind of belonging and community, a religious instead of political. ") In early 1934 Ladner went to the Austrian Historical Institute in Rome, where he stayed until 1938. He completed his habilitation at the University of Vienna in January 1938 under the direction of Hans Hirsch . That made it easier for him when, soon after the annexation of Austria and the associated withdrawal of his teaching license as a "non-Aryan", he went to London to look for a job, to find a job at the Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies in Toronto as an assistant professor in 1938 and in October of Year to emigrate there.

A Canadian citizen since 1940, Ladner married the Canadian Jocelyn Mary Plummer in 1942, with whom he had three children. From 1943 to 1945 he served in the Canadian Air Force. In the post-war period he turned down an offer to return from Münster and instead moved to the USA in 1946, where he was promoted to associate professor at the University of Notre Dame until 1951 . After several professorships at American universities and research grants (including two membership at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, where he worked with Ernst Kantorowicz and Erwin Panofsky ), he was appointed professor of history at the University of California in Los Angeles in 1963 .

"Earlier he had shared in the intellectual life of the émigré generation [...]. Now he entered fully into the mainstream of American scholarship. "

“Before that, he had a share in the intellectual life of the generation of emigrants. Now he established himself completely among American scholars. "

Ladner had been a fellow of the Medieval Academy of America since 1962 , from which he was awarded the Haskins Medal in 1961 for his second major work on the Idea of ​​Reform . He was also a member of the Catholic Historical Association , whose President he served in 1964, the American Philosophical Society (since 1972) and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (since 1976). In 1990 he received the Austrian Decoration of Honor for Science and Art . In 1991 he was awarded the Award for Scholarly Distinction of the American Historical Association honored.

literature

Obituaries

Autobiography

  • Gerhart B. Ladner: Memories . Edited by Herwig Wolfram and Walter Pohl . Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-7001-2165-2 (autobiography and additional information).

reference books

  • Ladner, Gerhart , in: Ulrike Wendland: Biographical Handbook of German-Speaking Art Historians in Exile. Life and work of the scientists persecuted and expelled under National Socialism. Part 2: L – Z. Saur, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-598-11339-0 , pp. 405-411.
  • Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (ed.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933 . Vol. 2, Saur, Munich et al. 1983 (International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933–1945).
  • Christine Maria Grafinger: Ladner, Gerhard B. In: Albrecht Classen (Hrsg.): Handbook of Medieval Studies. Terms - Methods - Trends . Vol. 3, De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2010, ISBN 978-3-11-018409-9 , pp. 2440-2444, doi: 10.1515 / 9783110215588.2440 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ladner in emigration Resulting middle initial stands for Burian , the maiden name of his mother.
  2. ↑ a b c d Herwig Wolfram: Gerhart B. Ladner (3 December 1905–21 September 1993) . In: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society . Vol. 139, 1995, no. 4, pp. 440-442.
  3. ↑ a b c d Judith Radlegger: Gerhart Ladner. University professor . In: Viennese art history sighted (exhibition 2008).
  4. ↑ Christina Köstner: Paul Heigl (1887–1945). A politically committed librarian at the Institute for Austrian Historical Research and the National Library in Vienna . In: Karel Hruza (ed.): Austrian historians 1900–1945. CVs and careers in Austria, Germany and Czechoslovakia in portraits of the history of science . Böhlau, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-205-77813-4 , pp. 569–592, here p. 587.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h Robert L. Benson, Giles Constable, John Van Engen: Gerhart Burian Ladner . In: Speculum 71, 1996, pp. 802-804.
  6. ↑ Christine Maria Grafinger: Ladner, Gerhard B. In: Albrecht Classen (Ed.): Handbook of Medieval Studies. Terms - Methods - Trends . Vol. 3, De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2010, ISBN 978-3-11-018409-9 , pp. 2440-2444 doi: 10.1515 / 9783110215588.2440 .
  7. ↑ Gerhart B. Ladner: The papal portraits of antiquity and the Middle Ages . Vol. 1: Until the end of the investiture controversy . Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana, Città del Vaticano 1941. The following volumes did not appear until 1970 (Vol. 2: From Innocent II to Benedict XI. ) And 1984 (Vol. 3: Addenda et corrigenda, appendices and digressions. Final chapter: Papal iconography and general Portrait iconography in the Middle Ages. Register ).
  8. ^ Andreas H. Zajic: Hans Hirsch (1878-1940). Historian and science organizer between document and folk research . In: Karel Hruza (ed.): Austrian historians 1900–1945. CVs and careers in Austria, Germany and Czechoslovakia in portraits of the history of science . Böhlau, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-205-77813-4 , pp. 307-417, here p. 361.
  9. ↑ Ulrike Wendland: Biographical Handbook of German-Speaking Art Historians in Exile. Life and work of the scientists persecuted and expelled under National Socialism. Part 2: L – Z. Saur, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-598-11339-0 .
  10. ↑ Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (Ed.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933 . Vol. 2, Saur, Munich et al. 1983 (International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933–1945).
  11. ↑ Gerhart B. Ladner: The Idea of ​​Reform. Its Impact on Christian Thought and Action in the Age of the Fathers . Harvard University Press, Cambridge 1959.
personal data
SURNAME Ladner, Gerhart B.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ladner, Gerhart (maiden name); Ladner, Gerhart Burian (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-American medievalist and art historian
DATE OF BIRTH December 3, 1905
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH September 21, 1993
Place of death los Angeles