United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
The health, education and welfare ministry of the United States (English United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare , HEW ) was a Ministry of the Government of the United States that existed from 1953 to 1979. In 1979 a separate Ministry of Education was created from this Ministry . The HEW became the Department of Health ( Department of Health and Human Services renamed). Patricia Roberts Harris , HEW's last minister , also became the first minister of health.
history
As early as 1923, the then US President Warren G. Harding suggested the establishment of a Ministry of Education and Welfare; There were similar proposals from his successors in office, but for various reasons they were not put into practice. It was only Dwight D. Eisenhower who created the conditions for such a ministry with his Reorginanization Plan Number 1 in 1953, which was founded on March 12, 1953.
To this day, this remained the only department within the US government that was formed by the presidential reorganization authority . This right, which allowed him to create or reorganize bureaucratic structures as long as no chamber of Congress vetoed, was abolished in 1962; however, the Supreme Court ruled that legislative veto power was unconstitutional in the early 1980s.
List of Ministers for Health, Education and Welfare
No. | image | minister | Term of office | under US President |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Oveta Culp Hobby | 1953-1955 | Dwight D. Eisenhower | |
2 | Marion Bayard Folsom | 1955-1958 | Dwight D. Eisenhower | |
3 | Arthur Sherwood Flemming | 1958-1961 | Dwight D. Eisenhower | |
4th | Abraham Alexander Ribicoff | 1961–1962 | John F. Kennedy | |
5 | Anthony Joseph Celebrezze | 1962-1965 | John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson | |
6th | John William Gardner | 1965-1968 | Lyndon B. Johnson | |
7th | Wilbur Joseph Cohen | 1968-1969 | Lyndon B. Johnson | |
8th | Robert Hutchison Finch | 1969-1970 | Richard Nixon | |
9 | Elliot Lee Richardson | 1970-1973 | Richard Nixon | |
10 | Caspar Willard Weinberger | 1973-1975 | Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford | |
11 | Forrest David Mathews | 1975-1977 | Gerald Ford | |
12 | Joseph Anthony Califano | 1977-1979 | Jimmy Carter | |
13 | Patricia Roberts Harris | 1979 | Jimmy Carter |