Ghaggar
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Ghaggar Hakra |
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 Ghaggar at Panchkula |
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| Data | ||
| location | Himachal Pradesh , Haryana , Punjab , Rajasthan | |
| River system | Ghaggar | |
| Headwaters | in the Siwaliks 30 ° 50 ′ 45 ″ N , 77 ° 4 ′ 39 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 1400 m | |
| end of | Ghaggar Canal coordinates: 29 ° 16 ′ 55 ″ N , 74 ° 17 ′ 34 ″ E 29 ° 16 ′ 55 ″ N , 74 ° 17 ′ 34 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 180 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 1220 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 2.7 ‰ | |
| length | approx. 450 km (to the end of the Ghaggar Canal) | |
| Left tributaries | Markanda | |
| Reservoirs flowed through | Kaushalya dam , Ottu dam | |
| Medium-sized cities | Panchkula | |
| Small towns | Khanauri , Ratia , Sardulgarh | |
The Ghaggar is a river in northwest India .
It rises in the Siwaliks 7 km south-southwest of the city of Solan in the state of Himachal Pradesh . Initially the Ghaggar flows in a westerly direction through the mountains. After 15 km it reaches a basin that is delimited by the outermost Siwalik chain. It flows through this in a southerly direction. It is dammed up by the Kaushalya dam . The Ghaggar breaks through the Siwalik chain and reaches the upstream plain at Panchkula . The river continues its course in a south-southwest direction. The city of Ambala is located a few kilometers east of the river. The Ghaggar meanders gradually more and more to the west in a wide arc along the border of the two states of Haryana and Punjab . To the northeast of the town of Cheeka , the Markanda flows into the Ghaggar on the left. The Ghaggar passes the small towns of Khanauri , Ratia and Sardulgarh . Finally, after 350 km, the Ghaggar reaches the reservoir of the Ottu Dam ( ⊙ ), 10 km west of the city of Sirsa . Two irrigation channels branch off from the dam. The river continues its course to the west below the dam. He is now also referred to as Hakra . The south-leading Rajasthan Canal crosses the river after 35 km.
Ghaggar Canal
After crossing with the Rajasthan Canal, the Ghaggar is canalized. The channel turns south and ends after a length of 50 km 10 km west of the city of Rawatsar in the state of Rajasthan on the northern edge of the Thar desert . The length of the Ghaggar from its source to the end of the Ghaggar Canal is about 450 km.
Old river course
7 km below the junction with the Rajasthan Canal ( ⊙ ) the old course of the Ghaggar / Hakra branches off to the right. A weir holds back the water. The largely dry course of the river leads 20 km to the west and turns to the southwest at Hanumangarh . The course of the river now only exists in sections. It passes the city of Suratgarh , runs along the edge of the Tharr desert, crosses the border into Pakistan and after a length of 230 km is lost in the desert ( ⊙ ).
