Giesing

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Holy Cross Church is a landmark of Giesing
The Giesinger Bahnhof ⊙ , built in 1898, is now a traffic junction and a cultural center for the district

Giesing is a south-eastern district of the Bavarian capital of Munich , located to the right of the Isar . Until it was incorporated on October 1, 1854, it was an independent rural community.

history

When the Icho School was built in 1910, excavation work discovered a row graveyard with 253 graves. Due to the grave goods such as weapons and jewelry, the cemetery could be dated to the years 580–730 AD. Due to the number of graves, it is assumed that Giesing had around 50–70 inhabitants at that time.

Documentary mention

Giesing was first mentioned in 790 as Kyesinga (derived from the name Kyeso or Kyso ) in the traditions of the Freising Monastery . In 957 a mill in Giesing was mentioned, which was the first mill mentioned in a document in the area of ​​today's Munich.

Late Middle Ages to modern times

At the beginning of the 16th century, Munich became the sole capital of the Duchy of Bavaria . Due to this growing importance, more and more craftsmen and day laborers are drawn to the city. However, since most of them did not have citizenship in Munich or were not accepted as craftsmen in one of the guilds, they were not granted the right to settle . These people looked for accommodation in the Isar floodplain in the immediate vicinity of Munich. With this steady influx of new residents, Giesing's population, commercial, school and ecclesiastical focus shifted more and more from Obergiesing to the Au .

Community formation and incorporation in the 19th century

View of the Giesing hill and the Auer Mühlbach around 1850
Ober- and Untergiesing on a map from 1858
View of Giesing (around 1858) from the Old Peter

When the community was formed in Bavaria in 1818 , Obergiesing became an independent community of Giesing with the following districts

The smaller village of Untergiesing, north of Obergiesing, became part of the Au suburb. Giesing, along with Haidhausen and the Au, was one of the first incorporations into the city of Munich . They came into force on October 1, 1854.

Giesing grew very quickly after the incorporation. In the 1854 census, 3,549 citizens were counted. Less than 50 years later in 1901 the number had increased sevenfold to 25,218. Due to this strong population growth, the medieval village church became too small to accommodate all believers. For this reason, the construction of the Holy Cross Church began in 1866 . The church was to be a modern, urban monumental church in neo-Gothic style. A three-aisled hall church with a 95 meter high tower was built in 20 years of construction .

Giesing in the 20th century

Memorial for the dead of the revolution in 1919 and in memory of Kurt Eisener 1867-1919 in the Ostfriedhof ⊙

At the time of the Munich Soviet Republic in 1919, the working-class district of Giesing was the scene of battles between the “Red Army” and White Guards (and Freikorps ). Hundreds of supposed and real supporters of the Soviet Republic were massacred. The Stadelheim prison , built in 1892, was later notorious , especially during the Nazi era (1933 to 1945). 1,200 executions by hanging and guillotine alone are documented during this time. The last execution took place on April 13, 1945.

In 1936 the district of Giesing was divided into the district 17 Obergiesing and the district 18 Untergiesing-Harlaching . These city district numbers and names were retained during the 1992 reorganization. In 2010, the district 17 was renamed Obergiesing-Fasangarten .

The last Giesing farm (Knollhof, Silberhornstrasse 2) ceased operations in 1954 or 1958.

people

  • Franz Beckenbauer (* 1945), German football player, trainer and official, was born in Giesing and grew up on Zugspitzstrasse.
  • Max Greger (1926–2015), jazz musician, was born here.
  • Georg Benno Gruber (1884–1977), pathologist, born in Giesing.
  • Werner Schlierf (1936–2007), writer who discussed the post-war period in Giesing.

Trivia

  • Both TSV 1860 Munich and FC Bayern Munich , both clubs that are particularly well-known for their soccer departments, have their headquarters and training grounds in Giesing.
  • Within Munich, Giesing is often viewed as a quarter, the official subdivision into the city districts 17 and 18 is less common. The differentiation between the smaller Untergiesing (below the Isar slope, between Hellabrunn Zoo and Columbusplatz), the larger Obergiesing (above the Isar slope between Ostfriedhof, Bavaria / 1860 site) and the affluent Harlaching is more common.
  • The Giesinger Bräu has its own microbrewery in the district, whose bottles adorn the Holy Cross Church .
  • Josef Friedrich Schmidt invented the game Mensch ärgere dich nicht in a garage in Giesing .

See also

literature

  • Willibald Karl (ed.): Giesinger heads. 50 life pictures from two centuries. Volk Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-937200-55-2 .
  • Thomas Guttmann (Ed.): Giesing - From the village to the district. MünchenVerlag (formerly Buchendorfer Verlag München), Munich 2004, ISBN 978-3-927984-04-2 .
  • History of Giesing (PDF; 4.02 MB) in the Obergiesing-Fasangarten culture history trail

Web links

Commons : Obergiesing  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Untergiesing  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ paul-grafik.de (PDF).
  2. ↑ Theodor Bitterauf (ed.): The Traditions des Hochstift Freising (=  sources and discussions on Bavarian and German history / new series . Volume I , no. 138 ). Rieger, Munich 1905.
  3. ^ Johann Peter Weigel: 1200 years of Giesing published in the book: Thomas Guttmann (Ed.): Giesing - From the village to the district . Buchendorfer Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-927984-04-3 . Page 26
  4. ^ Johann Peter Weigel: 1200 years of Giesing published in the book: Thomas Guttmann (Ed.): Giesing - From the village to the district . Buchendorfer Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-927984-04-3 . Page 20
  5. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 601 .
  6. ^ Johann Peter Weigel: 1200 years of Giesing published in the book: Thomas Guttmann (Ed.): Giesing - From the village to the district . Buchendorfer Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-927984-04-3 . Page 31
  7. ↑ https://www.br.de/mediathek/video/topographie-1975-vorstadt-giesing-av:5896beaaab0d0d0012fe7632
  8. ↑ giesinger-braeu.de
  9. ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung No. 22, January 28, 2015, p. 21.