Jean Giono

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Jean Giono (born March 30, 1895 in Manosque in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department ; † October 9, 1970 ibid) was a French writer who mainly represented religious ideas in his early prose works .

Jean Giono aged about 5–7 years, he lived at 14, rue grande

life and work

Jean Giono - son of a cobbler and an ironer - grew up in poverty. During his school days, his father became seriously ill, so that he had to leave school and earn money. He returned from the First World War as a pacifist under the impression of the soldier death of his friend Louis David . In addition to his gainful employment in a bank, he tried his hand at being a novelist . Around 1930 he made his debut with the novels Colline and Naissance de l'Odyssée (The Birth of the Odyssey), which achieved immediate success. This enabled him to buy a house in his hometown of Manosque, called Lou Paraïs , and to devote himself entirely to writing.

In 1935, during a stay in the country with Giono and his friend Lucien Jacques, a discussion group of nature-loving and pacifist-minded people was formed. The discussion group published the Cahiers du Contadour . During this time Giono discovered the American writer Herman Melville for the French book market. Together with Jacques, Giono translated the work Moby Dick into French. The book was published by Gallimard in 1941. The beginning of the Second World War on September 1, 1939 resulted in the end of the annual meeting of the Contadoureans .

Giono housed in his house in Manosque during the war a. a. the emigrant Luise Straus-Ernst , who translated his works into German. Imprisoned for a short time before the war as an alleged Nazi sympathizer, Giono was imprisoned again for five months after the liberation (1944) on suspicion of collaboration with the German occupiers. Charges were never brought, but Giono's name appeared on the black list , so that for several years (until 1947) he was deprived of the possibility of publication. In 1954, however, he was accepted into the renowned Académie Goncourt .

In addition to Jacques, Giono was friends with the essayist Jean Guéhenno , the painter Georges Gimel and André Gide , who once called him the Vérgil of Provence . Apart from the war years 1914–1918, Giono always lived in his Provencal homeland. A stay in Paris in 1929 could only strengthen him in this. He loved the outdoors. Accordingly, in his works, which are often set in Haute Provence , he praised the simple life of the earthly farmers and shepherds in addition to ancient mythology. With his poetic- pantheistic message he won numerous followers, especially among the youth, in the 1930s.

Giono's novel Que ma joie demeure (Stay, my joy), published in 1935, was at the time "accepted more as a philosophical manual for a new art of living than as a literary work," according to Kindler's New Literary Dictionary . "For this reason there were some conflicts between Giono and his enthusiastic audience, because the author had to disappoint many readers who turned to him for advice."

Giono's post-war works were more sober in tone, but of a more complicated design, in which, instead of nature, people were in the foreground. The criticism speaks of his Stendhal period. He achieved the greatest response with the novel Le Hussard sur le toit ( The Hussar on the Roof ) from 1951, which was also made into a film.

Works

  • Harvest . Translated from the French by Ferdinand Hardekopf . Fischer, Berlin 1931
  • The hill . Rütten & Loening, Frankfurt am Main 1931
  • Le Grand Troupeau . 1931
    • German edition: The large herd. Translated from the French by Ferdinand Hardekopf. Fischer, Berlin 1932
  • The mountain of the mute . Translated from the French by Käthe Rosenberg. Fischer, Berlin 1933
  • Jean le bleu. 1932
    • German edition: The dreamer . Translated from the French by Käthe Rosenberg. Fischer, Berlin 1934
  • Loneliness of compassion . Stories. Translated from the French by Ferdinand Hardekopf. Fischer, Berlin 1934
  • Le chant du monde. Gallimard, Paris 1934
    • German edition: Das Lied der Welt . Translated from the French by Ruth Gerull-Kardas. Fischer, Berlin 1935
  • Living water . Fischer, Berlin 1935
  • The birth of the odyssey . Novel. Translated from the French by Walter and Ruth Gerull-Kardas. Fischer, Berlin 1936
  • Le Serpent d'étoiles.
    • German edition: The star snake . Narrative. Translated from the French by Ruth and Walter Gerull-Kardas. Fischer, Berlin 1937
  • Dove flowers. Novellas. Translated from the French by Ruth and Walter Gerull-Kardas. Bermann-Fischer, Vienna 1937
  • Que ma joie demeure. Éditions Grasset & Fasquelle, Paris 1990
    • German first edition: Stay, my joy. Novel. Translated from the French by Ruth and Walter Gerull-Kardas. Bermann-Fischer, Vienna 1937
    • German new edition: Stay, my joy. Novel. Matthes & Seitz, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-88221-794-4 .
  • Of real wealth. Translated from the French by Ruth and Walter Gerull-Kardas. With 112 photos by Gerull-Kardas. Gutenberg Book Guild, Zurich / Vienna / Prague 1937
  • Battalions in the montagne.
    • German edition: Bergschlacht. Novel. Translation by Ruth and Walter Gerull-Kardas. Bermann-Fischer, Stockholm 1939
  • Pour saluer Melville.
    • German edition: Greetings from Melville . Vision of an encounter . Translated from the French by Walter Gerull-Kardas. Goverts, Hamburg 1944 (foreign edition)
  • Triumph of life . Novel of a movie. Translated from the French by Hety Benninghoff and Ernst Sander . Bachmair, Stöcking 1949
  • Les Âmes fortes.
    • German edition: The strong souls. Novel. Translated from the French by Richard Herre. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne / Berlin 1957
  • The great calm of the sea. Novel. Translated from the French by Hety Benninghoff and Ernst Sander. Bachmair, Söcking 1949
  • The Nonna . Novel. Translated from the French by Richard Herre. Cotta, Stuttgart 1950
  • One man alone . 1951
  • Le Hussard sur le toit . 1951
  • In Italy to be happy . 1955
  • The Polish mill . 1957
  • The Dominici affair
  • The irrepressible luck . 1959
  • Provence perdue . 1965-1967
  • Ennemonde . 1968
  • The terraces of the island of Elba
  • The Scot
  • The man who planted trees
  • Angelo Pardi
  • The passion of the heart . 1982
  • The deserter . 1992

Film adaptations

Literary template
  • 1934: Angèle (after Un de baumugnes )
  • 1937: The girl and the scissors grinder (after Regain )
  • 1938: The other woman (after La femme du boulanger )
  • 1958: When the tide comes (based on L'eau vive ) - directed by François Villiers
  • 1962: Cruel hands / also: FLASH (after Les grands chemins )
  • 1965: And the woods will be silent (after Le chant du monde )
  • 1990: The man who planted trees (after L'homme qui plantait des arbres ) youtube.com
  • 1995: The hussar on the roof (based on Le hussard sur le toit )
  • 2001: The strong souls (based on Les âmes fortes )
script
  • 1963: A king alone (after Un roi sans divertissement )
  • 1968: Stern des Südens / The Southern Star

Correspondence

literature

Features

  • Jacques Mény: Le Mystère Giono. Movie, 1995.
  • Sabine Korsukéwitz: The wild heart of Provence. The Haute Provence with Jean Giono and Pierre Magnan . Deutschlandradio Kultur, June 14, 2005.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ralf Nestmeyer: French poets and their houses . Insel-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005. In it the chapter The Virgil of Provence. Jean Giono in Manosque , pp. 221-238.
  2. ^ A b c Anne-Margret Wallrath-Janssen: The publishing house H. Goverts in the Third Reich. Saur, Munich 2007, p. 337
  3. ↑ a b Kindler's New Literature Lexicon , Munich 1988 edition.
  4. ↑ Winfried Engler : Lexicon of French Literature (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 388). 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-520-38802-2 .
  5. ↑ German literature lovers might feel reminded of Ernst Wiechert and Ernst Kreuder .
  6. ^ Anne-Margret Wallrath-Janssen: The publishing house H. Goverts in the Third Reich. Saur, Munich 2007, p. 455

Web links

Commons : Jean Giono  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Jean Giono  - Sources and full texts (French)
personal data
SURNAME Giono, Jean
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French writer and storyteller
DATE OF BIRTH March 30, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Manosque
DATE OF DEATH October 9, 1970
Place of death Manosque